• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.169-178
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine stress, coping, and immune response effects of a psychosocial intervention program based on the PNI model and Stress-Appraisal-Coping for Korean patients with breast cancer. Methods: A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The participants who had survived breast cancer and lived in Wonju city and the surrounding area were assigned to an intervention group (N=21) or a control group(N=18).We conducted a 12-week intervention, 2 hours a day weekly, and measured the variables at baseline, six and twelve weeks later. Dependent variables are: stress, anxiety-depression and anger, and immune response. Results: Patients in the psychosocial intervention program reported significantly less stress perception (U=31.500, p=.023), more problem solving ability and less problem avoidance in coping (U=20.500, p= .013; U=29.500, p=.040), and less anxiety-depression (U=22.000, p=.023). No difference, however, was found in anger and. immune responses between the two groups. Intervention effects were evident at week 6 and 12 for anxiety-depression, and at week 6 for problem avoidance in coping, the same time that NK cell counts and the T8 decreased. Conclusions: These results suggested positive effects of a psychosocial intervention program. However, the results are inconclusive due to the small sample.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.42-52
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to find grounds for the development of a health promotion program by examining the risk factors affecting children in low-income families. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The subjects were 288 children under 13 years of age in We-Start, W city. The tools used included a household information questionnaire and risk assessment tools. The data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regressions. Results: Risk factors like disability problems (β=.38, p<.001), residential environment (β=.37, p<.001), parenting type (β=.27, p=.003), the foster's educational level (β=.22, p=.011), and the gender of the child (β=.19, p=.030) explained 51% (p<.001) of the preschoolers in crisis. For the schooler, academic achievement (β=.39, p<.001), disability problems (β=.24, p<.001), adaptation to school (β=.23, p<.001), noise from the environment (β=.20, p<.001), and the foster's job (β=-.15, p=.007) explained 50% (p<.001) of crisis of schooler. Conclusion: The study found that children (disability, gender), family (residential environment, type of parenting), and caregivers (educational level, economic competence) had a complex impact on crisis situations. In children of a school-going age, school life appeared to be an important influencing factor. Therefore, an integrated case management approach that considers children, carers, and the home environment is necessary.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.27-37
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this research is to investigate the corelationship between Hwa-Byung and type A behavior pattern (TABP), cardiovascular disease. Methods : 637 people participated in the community based cohort study in Wonju City of South Korea from July 2nd to August 30th in 2006. Educated investigators checked up EKG and surveyed Hwa-Byung Diagnostic Interview Schedule(HBDIS), Framingham Type A Pattern Score(FTA score). Collected data were analyzed by the chi-square test & t-test. Results : 1. TABP, Hwa-Byung group was 24(70.6%), non Hwa-Byung group was 288(27.8%) p-value was 0.016. Difference of the two group was valid. 2. FTA score, Hwa-Byung group was $5.77{\pm}2.25$, non Hwa-Byung group was $4.41{\pm}2.30$, p-value was 0.002. Difference of the two group was valid. Conclusions : TABP ratio, FTA score was high in Hwa-Byung group compared with non Hwa-Byung group.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.160-171
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• 2001

Background : This study was conducted to compare the level of satisfaction between mothers who were educated on the care of newborns by video-taped method and those by verbal one before discharge. Methods : Fifty-two mother (verbal method group) from a free standing OB & GY hospital in Wonju City and forty-seven mothers (videotaped method group) from the OB & GY section of Wonju Christian Hospital(WCH) were selected for a study sample. The knowledge and understanding of newborn care and the degree of maternal satisfaction were assessed after the education by self-administered questionnaires. The opinions of the 11 nurses of WCH who were involved in the education were also collected by a questionnaire. Results : With respect of the level of understanding and satisfaction with the discharge education on newborn care, there is no significant difference between the videotaped educated group and verbal educated one. The correlation analysis of the video education group revealed a strong correlation between the score of understanding and satisfaction with the discharge preparation(r=0.409, p=0.01), and between the satisfaction scores for discharge preparation and discharge education(r=0.844, p=0.001). As for the verbal education group, the score of understanding also correlated significantly with both the score of satisfaction with the discharge education(r=0.272, p=0.001) and the discharge preparation(r=.680, p=0.001). Conclusions : This study showed that the discharge education to mothers regarding newborn care by a videotaped method does not improve the understanding or satisfaction of the mothers. However, the response to the mode of discharge education varies by the characteristics of the mothers. In conclusion, the characteristics of the mother should be considered in order to improve the understanding and knowledge of newborn care when the mode discharge education is chosen.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.2868-2875
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• 2010

This study was carried out to present a co-brand strategies of medical equipment manufacturers in Wonju city. Based on the result of the analysis, followings were proposed. First, an adequate education and a publicity for the importance of a co-brand are required, and it needs to reinforce the recognition on quality differentiation through a technology development and the importance of quality control. Second, establishing a system to secure the brand reliability and operating a program to monitor the technology development and quality are required. Third, it needs to implement a joint participation with priority for establishing a sales network, advertize and a publicity. Fourth, an alternative may needed in order to maximize the synergy effect of the co-brand project and minimize any possible conflicts among participants. Fifth, securing a reliability is needed to acquire the ability to manage the brand and derive member's active participation.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.72-81
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine factors related to different stages of mammography screening based on the transtheoretical model (TTM) and health belief model (HBM). Method: 143 women were recruited from community centers in W city. The mean age was 44.08 (SD=7.78) and 74 (51.7%) had experienced education on preventative behavior related to breast cancer. The Decisional Balance Scale (Pros and Cons of mammography) and Stages of Adoption of Mammography Scale by Rakowski et al. (1992) and the revised Health Belief Model Scale (Perceived Seriousness, Perceived Susceptibility and Health Motivation) by Champion (1993) were used. Result: According to the stage of adoption of mammography, 17.4% of the women were In pre-contemplation, 45.5% in contemplation, 24.5% in action, and 12.6% in maintenance. The mean differences for pros, and the decisional balances between the stages of mammography adoption were significant (F=8.84, p=.000; F=7.20, p=.000). Education related to prevention of breast cancer was the most important variable. Prevention education, history of breast disease and pros of mammography explained the stages of mammography adoption ($R^{2}=26%$). Conclusion: Findings support TTM as a useful tool for improving mammography adherence. Behavioral interventions that target decisional balance and health belief can effectively promote adherence to mammography.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1-17
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to find factors affecting health of the rural residents. The data were collected from a sample of 2,587 people aged from 40 to 70 in the year 2005-2006, Wonju City and Pyeongchang County, Gangwon-do, Korea. The theoretical model adopted in this study was the Lalonde's health field(human biology, environment, lifestyle, and health care organization). SF-12 was used to measure subjective health status. In the category of human biology, men were healthier than women. Age and BMI showed negative relation to health status. Income, education and social support showed positive relation to health status in the environment category. In the category of life style, stress showed negative relation to health status. Medical expenses showed negative relation to health status in the category of health care organization. After converting SF-12 score to percentage score, the health determinants portions were 47% lifestyle, 26% environment, 18% human biology and 9% health care organization. These findings suggest that life style, environment and biology are main factors in determinants of health. Especially stress in the life style category is more focused for the community health promotion. We also may be able to improve income, education and social support in the environment category with self empowerment efforts, community supports and government helps. Finally greater attention must be payed to life style in the future health planning and budget allocation priority in the healthcare area.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.53 no.9
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• pp.628-643
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to compare marginal bone loss and survival rates of double short implants(multiple implant) which had been installed and restored in severely atrophic maxillary molar site without a grafting procedure. Material and Method: The subjects were patients (90 patients, 180 implants) who had been installed double short implants in severely atrophic maxillary single molar site without bone augmentation procedure from 2006 to 2014 in dental clinic in Chuncheon city. Following data were collected from dental records and radiographic panoramic views: patient's age, gender, smoking status, implant site, timing of implant installation, residual ridge height. The correlation between those factors and survival rate and marginal bone loss were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square test, Student's t- test and ANOVA. Result: Eleven implants in 6 patients failed and the cumulative survival rate was 93.9%. No significant differences were found in relation to the following factors: patient's age, gender, implant site, timing of implant installation (P> .05). There were significant differences in smoking status and residual ridge height(P< .05). The average follow-up time was $45{\pm}14.7months$. The mean marginal bone loss of survived 169 implants was $0.08{\pm}0.59mm$. Conclusion: Despite the short term outcomes, the survival rate of double short implants was comparable to normal length implants. This study demonstrated that placement of double short implants without the use of bone grafting procedure for severely atrophic posterior maxilla is a simple and predictable treatment procedure.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.197-216
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• 2009

1. Objectives This study is to investigate the relationship between type A behavior pattern(TABP) and diabetes according to Sasang Constitution. 2. Methods 162 persons(81 IGM persons vs 81 normal persons) out of 666 persons, more than 40 years old, who participated the community based cohort in Wonju City of South Korea from July 2nd to August 30th in 2006, were randomly selected and analyzed. Framingham Type A score, Social Support index, glucose related laboratory results were measured and analyzed according to Sasang Constitution. 3. Results Soeumin in IGM group had significantly high scores in FTA scales compared with Soyangin and Taeeumin, bur in female IGM group and normal group there was no significant difference in FTA scales and TABP frequency by Sasang Constitution. There was no significant difference in social support index in IGM and normal group by Sasang Constitution. There was no significant difference in glucose-related values between TABP/TBBP in IGM group and normal group. Soyangin in female IGM group had significantly high values in insulin(fasting) and HOMA-IR in TABP group, Soeumin group had significantly high values in FBS in TABP group. According to binary logistic regression analysis for IGM, Sasang Constitution was a significant risk factor and the ORs of Taeeumin and Soyangin were significantly higher than that of Soeumin. Social Support index was significantly higher only in female group. 4. Conclusions Adequate questionnaire of TABP for our country or a research of another subjects are needed. And Sasang Constitution is thought to be the reasonable intervention to control diabetes in terms of prevention, treatment and regimen.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.81-97
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• 2013

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between osteoporosis and cardiovascular risk factors according to Sasang constitution. Methods A total of 1773 participants, over 40 years old, were examined as part of a community-based cohort in Wonju city in Gangwon province of South Korea, from June 2006 to August 2009. We measured bone mineral density by Achilles ultrasonometer, serum levels of lipids, fasting blood sugar, insulin and other cardiovascular risk factors like blood pressure and waist circumference. Constitution was verified by a Sasang constitution specialist using the results of PSSC(Phonetic System for Sasang Constitution), facial photos and a simplified Sasang constitutional questionnaire. Results The prevalence rate was 11.2% in total participants, and 10.6% in Soyangin, 10.4% in Taeeumin and 13.9% in Soeumin. In general characteristics, educational and economic property and exercise were concerned with osteoporosis. Systolic blood pressure, pulse rate and total cholesterol were significantly high in osteoporosis group. Age and menopause were the key risk factors for osteoporosis. There was a significantly high prevalence in Soeumin for osteoporosis in men alone. Low physical activity was a major risk factor for osteoporosis. Waist circumference and hip circumference had significantly high odds ratio and weight had significantly low odds ratio. By Sasang constitution, Soyangin has the negative correlation with free fatty acid, Taeeumin has the negative correlation with waist circumference, pulse rate, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein and Soeumin has the positive correlation with body fat amount. Conclusions Regimens on osteoporosis should be considered according to Sasang constitution. Cardiovascular diseases should be considered according to Sasang constitution. Soeumin should be cautious of osteoporosis and gain weights and reasonable amount of fat food. Soyangin had better do exercise lower body and eat little food containing triglyceride. Taeeumin had better lose weights and eat little cholesterol food.