• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.628-645
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this study were to evaluate the nutritional status and dietary habits of the elderly using the nutrition quotient for the elderly (NQ-E) and to analyze the differences in the NQ-E according to their levels of oral health. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The survey was administered to 123 elderly people receiving congregate meal services in Seoul. The questionnaire comprised 3 domains: oral health status, general characteristics, and the NQ-E for the elderly. RESULTS: The respondents were divided into 2 groups based on the average score of their levels of oral health (the group with high oral health scores: 4.42 points and the group with low oral health scores: 2.89 points). As a result of evaluating nutritional status using the NQ-E, it was found that the average NQ-E score was 58.7 points, with 46.0 points in the balance domain, 47.0 points in the diversity domain, 72.9 points in the moderation domain, and 61.8 points in the dietary behavior domain. The NQ-E score (62.3 points) of the group with high oral health scores is significantly higher than the NQ-E score (54.7 points) of the group with low oral health scores (P < 0.001). Concerning the NQ domain scores, the elderly with good oral health status had "favorable" results in terms of balance and dietary behavior, and the elderly with poor oral health status had "favorable" results only in terms of balance. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, several dietary areas needed improvement in general. Those with poor oral health conditions urgently needed to improve related factors to minimize the risk of increasing imbalanced nutrition and comorbidities due to insufficient nutrition and undesirable eating habits.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.19
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• pp.8239-8244
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• 2014

The Cancer Control Act in Japan became effective in 2006. In Ibaraki, Toyama, and Hyogo prefectures, the Cancer Control Promoter (CCP) plan was created to strengthen partnerships for cancer prevention. This study aimed to examine the curre nt status of CCP utilization and analyze relationships with intersectoral collaboration, both within the government and with outside partners. In 2008, we mailed questionnaires to 100 administrators responsible for disease prevention and health promotion in municipal governments of the three prefectures. Ninety-one administrators responded (response rate, 91.0%). We analyzed responses to questions regarding whether or not the municipalities had used CCPs. Items assessing intersectoral collaboration examined municipality characteristics and relationships with outside partners and sectors specializing in areas other than community health. Among 90 administrators with valid data, 33 municipalities (36.7%) used CCPs while 57 (63.3%) did not. The Fisher's exact test revealed that intersectoral collaboration for using CCPs was associated with communication with all of the municipal government sectors not related to health. The present study indicated that CCPs were not consistently used in municipalities. However, we found that intersectoral collaborations, especially within the local government, may be related to the practical use of CCPs. This, in turn, may result in effective cancer control and prevention, as well as improvement in community health.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.410-422
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• 2016

Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of a cultural competence training program for public health nurses (PHNs) using intervention mapping. Methods: An embedded mixed method design was used. Forty-one PHNs (experimental: 21, control: 20) and forty marriage migrant women (MMW) (20, in each group) who were provided nursing care by PHN participated in the study. The experimental group was provided with a four-week cultural competence program consisting of an eight hour offline and online course, e-mail newsletters and social networking services (BAND). Transcultural Self-efficacy (TSE) of the PHNs, client-nurse trust, and satisfaction with nursing care of MMW were measured. Ten PHNs in the experimental group were interviewed after the experimental study. Results: The experimental group showed a significantly greater improvement in TSE, client-nurse trust, and satisfaction with nursing care than did the control group. Six themes emerged from qualitative data: (a) Recognizing cultural differences, (b) Being interested in the multicultural policy, (c) Trying to communicate in MMW's own language, (d) Providing medical information using internet and smart phone, (e) Embracing culturally diverse people into society, and (f) Requiring ongoing cultural competence training. Conclusion: Cultural competence training enabled PHNs to provide culturally competent care and contribute to MMW's health outcomes.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.131-144
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• 2010

Purpose: There has not been decisional consensus in the concepts and the ways of postpartum cares between Western and non-Western cultures though the importance of postpartum period has been emphasized by the multitude of health professionals. In this study, we investigated the differences in recognition concerning postpartum care among Koreans, Korean residents in America, and Americans (hereafter, K, KA, A). Methods: We used questionnaire of women who had given birth from last 6 weeks to less than 13 years. The women consisted of three groups;104 K, 44 KA, and 44 A. Results: In the perception survey concerning postpartum care, every three group thought that postpartum care was important. However, there were differences in understanding how it would affect women's health, and what they did in the period. K significantly agreed with the content and the importance of postpartum care. The investigation concerning seven categories of postpartum care showed that K group performed the 6 categories except consuming medication beneficial for the postpartum care. KA group performed in a low rate and A group performed two categories in a significantly low rate two categories; avoiding cold stimulation and keeping the body warm. Conclusion: Based on this study, it should be suggested that there were common points and differences among the recognition concerning postnatal care in three groups. Therefore, health professionals make efforts in understanding diversities on postnatal care and providing the adequate services reflecting each mother's needs and recognition.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.239-248
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• 2010

Objective: Despite the increasing number of female participation in employment, blue-collar women have been exposed to higher health risk. This study is to describe the prevalence of chronic diseases, health behaviors, and medical service utilization of female blue-collar workers. Methods: Data were derived from the 2001 Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES). The sample was made up of 37,108 male and female participants aged 20 or over selected nation-wide by probability sampling from Korea. This study applied the logistic regression for nominal variables such as disease prevalence and health behaviors and with the regression for continuos variables such as the length and costs of medical services. Results: In general, women's prevalence of chronic illness and uncured rate were significantly higher than male, and especially female blue-collar workers had the highest prevalence, uncured rate, unhealthy status, and perceived stress. However, the medical care cost was the lowest in female blue-collar workers. Conclusions: The findings suggest that female blue-collar workers were more likely to experience health problems, and that despite the highest health risk, health service is not effectively utilized, and health policy maker should take consider of special status of female blue collar workers who are in health inequality.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.187-202
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• 1996

This study is to describl the child care system in Sweden and to understand how the progressive child care system has been developed. The sex categories of the child care issues were studied based on a review of the literature related to the Swedish child care, family welfare system and the socio-economic information on Sweden. Six categories were : (1) historical and socio-economic background of child care system, (2) supply of and demand for the child care service and the types of public and private child care, (3) child care program activities, (4) child care staff training system, (5) administration and financial support system for the child care, and (6) the family policy and the family support programs in Sweden. For the Korean child care system, this study on the Swedish child care implied that : (1) To provide a progressive system of the child care system in Korea will require serious discussion about concentration of the child care administration system which is currently distributed to Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health and Welfare. (2) The extensive family support programs such as the parental leave and flexible work conditions for women are needed for the infant care by parents at home. (3) to expand the child care services in Korea, public support should be primarily focused on the supply of the public day care centers even though the demands for the various child care services are to be met by public financial support. (4) Most of all, societal recognition that all children are the resposiblity of our society is needed to develop a progressive child care system in Korea.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.29-44
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• 2005

The objectives of this study were: a) to analyze the upbringing policy for woman farmers in Korea, b) to find out the needs for the policy related to women's roles in decision making of farming activities, and c) to promote the programs in agricultural system for supporting rural women according to their role types and needs. This study was based on a literature review and discussions with the panel of experts witness and professionals including rural women. The major findings and conclusions from this study were as follows: 1 ) First of all, the policy for upbringing woman farmers had been improved. however, policy measures were still inadequate and were plenty of room for development. 2) Government policies were not focussed directly to meet the actual needs of rural women according to their various roles. 3) More government efforts should be enhanced to modify the policy and social system for rural women, and should be organized into the practical programs after careful considerations on the status of woman farmers according to their role types. 4) The five-year upbringing plan for woman farmers should be expanded to include strengthening economic power, widening woman farmers' influence. development of intellectual capacity and strengthening of self-enlightenment better health care and welfare services. and providing equal opportunities for women farmers.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.4329-4334
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• 2013

Background: Cervical cancer, which is common in developing countries, is also a major health issue in Korea. Our aim was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Korea's National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP), implemented in 1999. Materials and Methods: The target population was Korean women 30 years or over who were invited to take part in the NCSP in 2002-2007. By merging NCSP records with Korean Central Cancer Registry data, patients diagnosed with cervical cancer who had been screened were assigned to a "screened group," while patients diagnosed elsewhere were assigned to a "non-screened group." Clinical outcomes were measured in terms of life-years saved (LYS), derived from 5-year mortality rates supplied by the Korean National Health Insurance Corporation and National Statistical Office. Direct and travel costs associated with screening were evaluated from the perspective of the payer, the NCSP. Results: A diagnosis via screening was associated with 2.30 LYS, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) estimate for screening was 7,581,679 KW/LYS (6,727 USD/LYS). ICER estimates were lower for older patients (${\geq}$ 50 years) than younger patients (4,047,033 KW/LYS vs 5,680,793 KW/LYS). The proportion of early-stage cancers detected was 16.3% higher in the screened group. Conclusions: In light of Korea's per capita gross domestic product (32,272 USD in 2012), the current NCSP's incremental cost per LYS appears acceptable.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.181-208
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• 2010

Maternity services is often perceived as a troublesome business and obstetric litigation is on the increase in Western countries. Overall, the number of claim and cost of litigation to the NHS Litigation Authority (NHSLA) from maternity services in the UK is increasing every year. Maternity services account for 60-70% of the total sum paid. This has widespread implications for both the individual practitioners and the institutions where they work, due to increasing malpractice insurance premiums. Fear of litigation is also attracting fewer medical graduates into the specialty, leading to a recruitment crisis in obstetrics and gynaecology. The litigation process can cause pain, suffering and distress to clinicians as well as to the patients and their families. Litigation in maternity services is the result of a complex of events when malpractice (presumed or real) impacts on the attitude of pregnant women and their environment. In such complexity, information is mandatory but may often be misinterpreted. If messages are not tailored to the receiver's capacity, communicating well with the pregnant patient becomes crucial. Therefore, to reduce medicallegal issues in obstetrics, increasing attention and an applicable standard of obstetric care to avoid negligence and medical errors should go along with other measures. Considering UK's experiences, NHS redress scheme make it easier to pursue small claims and birth related claims, without necessarily reducing the number of claims processed through the conventional legal system and perhaps encouraging even more of them. The task of dealing with the greater number of inquiries into their practice would inevitably create an added burden for clinicians and hospital managers. Thus further proposals are required to limit the cost of processing inflated claims and to consider whether clinicians should be given some protection from litigation alleging a failure to prevent birth related impairment.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.71-78
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• 2012

The emergence of the Internet has provided a new outlet for consumers who experience service failure from products and services, augmenting the traditional options of entry, voice and action. Consumers' negative word of mouth through online (word-of-mouse or eWOM) far exceeds traditional word of mouth (WOM) in respect of its potential effectiveness, speed and spread. This paper tries to figure out the service failure themes in the health care industry by analyzing online word-of-mouse using the critical incidents technique (CIT). Complaint themes in the area of healthcare are identified and analyzed. The results identify that major complaint theme differed according to the site type. Also, the findings indicate that delivery and customer services are critical issues when consumer makes negative WOM.