• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.175-180
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• 1983

Lysine의 analogue인 thialysine은 야생주 Candida utilis NCYC-359의 생육을 강력하게 저해했으며 0.1%에서는 18시간까지 9.5%에서는 24시간까지 본 효모의 유도기를 지연시켰다. thialyssine에 의한 야생주의 생육저해의 회복에 미치는 아미노산 및 비타민의 영향을 조사한 결과 glycine, mthionine, arginine, histidine 그리고 trypphan등은 어느정도 효과가 있었으며 비타민은 거의 효과가 없었다. 특히 최소배지에 L-lysine을 thialysine의 1/8량만 첨가해도 thialysine에 의한 생육저해는 거의 일어나지 많았다. NTC 1회 처리시 thialysine에 대한 내성을 나타내는 빈도를 보면 최소배지에 thialysine 0.1% 첨가시 그 빈도가 0.11%, 0.5%시 0.03%로 나타났으며 이 내성맥리주에 의한 lysine 생산능을 검토한 결과 최소배지에 첨가된 thialyslne의 농도와 lysine생산능과는 뚜렷한 관계가 성립되지 않았으며 NTC를 회복처리하여 균체외로 lysine을 다양 분필 하는(450$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$) thialysine 내성맥리주 Candida utilis TRN-4006을 최종적으로 분리선별하였다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.723-726
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 BC 생산균주인 KJ-1을 UV와 NTG mutagenesis를 통하여 초기에 주입된 glucose를 효과적으로 이용하여 cellulose 수율이 향상된 균주로 계량하였다. Mutant들 중 수율이 2배정도 향상한 균주에서는 cellulose를 비롯한 gluconic acid, 2-keto gluconic aicd, 5-keto gluconic acid의 비율이 parent strain과 차이를 보였고, 시간에 따른 acid 농도 분포를 살펴보면 수율이 증가한 원인 중에 mutant가 parent strain보다 합성한 acid를 효율적으로 이용하고 있다고 추론 할 수 있었다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.418-423
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• 2000

Oka strain VR-795 (Varicella Zoster Virus, VZV) of American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) has been used for chickenpox vaccine production. In order to use this strain for vaccine production, the strain must be identified and its stability must be confirmed. The identification of the Oka strain has been confirmed using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) and DNA sequence analysis of glycoprotein-II (gp-II). The amino acid sequences of Oka deduced from the DNA sequence of gp-II have changed at three amino acids against Ellen and at one amino acid against Webster. To prove the stability of the Oka strain during the passage, RFLP and DNA sequence analyses were also used with 11, 15 and 23 times of virus passage. We found that the Oka strain was stable at passages of up to 23 times, based on the RFLP and DNA sequence analyses. The confirmed Oka strain was renamed as BR-Oka for the purposes of chickenpox vaccine production.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.403-407
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• 1997

Intraspecific sequence variation was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing of a 350-nucleotide region of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene of two natural populations (Han River and Nakdong River) and one hatchery stock (Jinhae Inland Fisheries Institute) of local strain common carp, one Israeli strain of common carp stock from Pukyong National University (PKU), and one hybrid between Israeli strain of common carp female and local strain common carp male from PKU stock. There is little variation in 350 bases of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene sequences among 2 natural and 1 hatchery local strain common carp populatins, representing abut 7 to 20 nucleotide differences (less than 6%). The sequence of specimens from Han River was more similar to that from Nakdong River (identity=98.0%) than to that from Jinhae Inland Fisheries Institute (identity=96.3%). Sequence variation between Israeli strain and wild local strain common carp was higher than the variation within natural stocks. The level of variation was ranged from 15.7 to 17.7%. The hybrid showed very similar nucleotide4 sequence of 12S rRNA gene to the sequence of Israeli strain with the identity of 98.9%.

• ALGAE
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2013

Intact phycobilisomes from a wild-type red Chondrus crispus and its vegetatively derived green mutant were isolated by centrifugation through a discontinuous sucrose density gradient. Pigment composition was subsequently characterized by spectrophotometry. Vegetative thalli of the two strains grown together for six months in the laboratory resulted in different pigment profiles. Two pigmented phycobilisome bands appeared in the sucrose gradient of the wild-type alga, a purple coloured one, and a pink one, whereas only a single blue band appeared in the gradient of the green mutant. Spectrophotometric and fluorescence analyses identified the phycobiliprotein composition of the purple band as the typical phycoerythrin-phycocyanin-allophycocyanin complement in the wild-type, but there was no detectable phycoerythrin present in the blue band of the green mutant. Sodium dodecyl sulphate, preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis confirmed the presence of allophycocyanin subunits in all extracts, but firm evidence of an R-phycoerythrin linker polypeptide in the blue band was missing. These results highlight the ability of C. crispus to adapt to a phycoerythrin deficiency by adjusting light harvesting pigment ratios.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.84-90
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• 1999

The growth of Bifidobacterium breve strain HP2 was completely inhibited by the addition of lactate higher than 4.0％ but not by the addition of acetate. Two kinds of lactate-tolerant mutants were isolated by the nitrosoguanidine treatment, enrichment on a liquid medium with 5％ lactate, and selection on agar plates with 5％ lactate. The mutants were not only able to grow in the presence of 5％ lactate but also improved in viable cell stability in the acidic pH range. In a pH-controlled fermentor, mutant N-1-5 grew at a rate slower than that of the wild type but its growth yield was higher. Notably, mutants were more halotolerant and more osmotolerant than the wild type and they were able to grow in the presence of 3％ NaCl or 25％ lactose at which the wild type entirely stopped the growth. The enzyme activities involved in the lactose metabolism in B. breve were measured to elucidate the biochemical basis for lactate tolerance. In the mutants, activities of several enzymes including phosphoglucomutase decreased compared to the wild-type, which may explain their lower growth rate. However, the activity of lactate dehydrogenase or its nature of inhibition by lactate was not altered.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.538-543
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• 1994

Effect of partial oxygen pressure on the cell growth and the activities of oxidative defense enzymes were measured in the continuous culture of Streptomyces coelicolor. Both the wild type and the mutant strain resistant to hydrogen peroxide were cultured and the dry cell weight of the two cultures were measured at different oxygen tensions. Growth of the wild type was inhibited by oxygen at above 0.5 vvm. Growth of the hydrogen peroxide resistant mutant was stimulated by pure oxygen at 0.5 vvm but was inhibited by oxygen at 1.0 vvm. Therefore, growth of the hydrogen peroxide resistant mutant was less affected by the deleterious oxidative stress of oxygen. Activities of the several defense enzymes were also measured at different oxygen tensions. Activities of catalase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase increased significantly as oxygen pressure increased in the wild type culture. In the mutant, however, increase in those enzyme activities was not obvious whereas the uninduced levels of the above enzymes were higher than those of wild type. As judged by Western blotting, the amount of the major catalase increased as the oxygen pressure increased. This indicates that the induction of the catalase activity by oxygen pressure is mostly due to the increase in the expression level for the major catalase.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2000

목 적 : Urabe AM-9 볼거리 백신주는 무균성 뇌막염의 발생 빈도가 높은 것으로 알려져 있다. 백신 접종 후 무균성 뇌막염을 일으키는 경우 Urabe AM-9 백신주의 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase(HN) 유전자의 염기서열 1081번의 G가 A로 치환되어 335번째 아미노산이 glutamic acid에서 lysine으로 바뀌게 됨에 따라 야생형의 mumps 바이러스와 동일한 작용을 나타내는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이에 국내에서 사용중인 Urabe AM-9 백신주의 안전성 여부를 조사하기 위해 일부 백신주와 야생 분리주의 HN 유전자의 염기서열 분석을 실시하였다. 방 법 : 국내에서 사용되고있는 Urabe AM-9주 백신 2종류와 1998~1999년에 볼거리 환자로부터 분리된 야생 분리주를 이용하여 RT-PCR 방법에 의해 HN 유전자를 증폭시킨 후 염기 및 아미노산 서열 분석을 실시하였다. 결 과 : 백신주와 야생 분리주 모두 HN 343, 1476, 1570번 위치에서의 염기 변이는 없었으나 1081번 위치 염기는 모두 야생주와 같은 Lysine/AAA form으로 나타났으며 변이주인 Glutamic acid/GAA와의 혼합 양상은 관찰되지 않았다. HN 1470번 위치의 염기는 백신주 중 계대 배양시 C에서 A로 치환되었으며, HN 1727번 위치 염기는 모두 A에서 G로 치환된 것으로 나타났다. 결 론 : 국내에서 사용중인 2종류의 Urabe AM-9 백신주와 야생 분리주 모두 1081번 위치의 염기가 야생주와 같은 무균성 뇌막염을 일으킬 생물학적 가능성이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 국내에서도 상기 백신주를 사용한 후 무균성 뇌막염이 발생하고 있을 개연성이 매우 크다고 사료되며 직접적인 연관성에 대한 보완 연구를 위하여 정확하고 믿을만한 자료에 의한 실제 부작용 실태를 파악하여야 한다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2005년도 생물공학의 동향(XVI)
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• pp.82-85
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• 2005

Doxorubicin is a highly-valuable anthracycline-family polyketide drug with a very potent anticancer activity, typically produced by a Gram-positive soil bacterium called Streptomyces peucetius. Thanks to the recent development of Streptomyces genomics-based technologies, the random mutagenesis approach for Streptomyces strain improvement has been switched toward the genomics-based technologies including the application of DNA microarray systems. In order to identify and characterize the genomics-driven potential target genes critical for doxorubincin overproduction, three different types of doxorubicin overproducing strains, a dnrI(doxorubicin-specific positive regulatory gene)-overexpressor, a doxA (gene involved in the conversion from daunorubicin to doxorubicin)-overexpressor, and a recursively-mutated industrial strain, were generated and examined their genomic transcription profiles using Streptomyces DNA microarray systems. The DNA microarray results revealed several potential target genes in S. peucetius genome, whose expressions were significantly either up- or down-regulated comparing with the wild-type strain. A systematic understanding of doxorubicin overproduction at the genomic level presented in this research should lead us a rational design of molecular genetic strain improvement strategy.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.662-668
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• 2004

13종의 한국산 야생버섯 추출물의 항돌연변이 효과의 검토는 S. typhimurium TA98과 TA100을 이용한 Ames 실험계로 확인하였다. 그 결과, 직접변이원인 MNNG에 대해 산속그물버섯 아재비와 구름버섯의 메탄올 추출물은 TA100에서 90-94%의 강한 항변이원성을 보였고, 갓버섯과 구름버섯의 열수 추출물도 58-61%의 저해효과를 보였다. 간접변이원인 B(a)P에 대해서는 TA98과 TA100에서 구름버섯과 턱받이금버섯 메탄올 추출물이 가장 강한 저해효과를 나타내었고, 열수 추출물중 잔피막흑주름버섯과 수원무당버섯은 TA98에서 60-70% 정도의 저해활성을, 갓버섯은 TA100에서 45% 정도의 돌연변이 억제효과를 볼 수 있었고, 나머지 버섯시료는 저해활성을 거의 보이지 않았다. 한편 야생버섯 메탄올 추출물 0.5mg/mL 투여시 결장암세포인 HT29에 대해 그물버섯, 산속그물버섯아재비, 방패외대버섯, 황소비단그물버섯, 구름버섯, 턱받이금버섯, 덕다리버섯에서 55-78% 이상의 억제 효과를 보였고, 1 mg/mL의 시료농도에서는 11종의 버섯에서 50% 이상의 억제 효과를 나타내었다. 간암세포인 HepG2에서 대해서는 방패외대버섯 메탄올 추출물 1 mg/mL에서만 58.4%의 저해능을 보였고, 나머지 시료에서는 45% 정도의 낮은 저해활성을 보였다. 혈액암세포주인 U937의 경우도 그물버섯, 산속그물버섯아재비, 수원무당버섯, 황소비단 그물버섯, 밀버섯, 잔피막흑주름버섯 메탄올 추출물에서 60% 이상의 높은 저해 활성을 나타내었다. 구름버섯 열수추출물의 경우 HepG2와 U937에 대해서 53-65% 정도의 비교적 높은 저해활성을 보였고, 대부분의 버섯 열수 추출물은 40%이하의 낮은 저해활성을 보였다. 정상 임파구에 대해서 야생버섯 추출물 0.5-1 mg/mL 농도에서 75-80% 이상의 생존율을 보여, 야생버섯 추출물을 1 mg/mL 농도로 처리할 경우 암세포에 대한 높은 억제효과에 비해 정상세포에 대해서는 비교적 낮은 독성을 가짐을 확인하였다.