• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2003

The resonance behaviour needs be understood to identify the mechanisms responsible for the dynamic characteristics of human body, to allow for the non-linearity when predicting the influence of seating dynamics, and to predict the adverse effects caused by various magnitudes of vibration. However, there are currently no known studies on the effect of vibration magnitude on the transmissibility to thoracic or lumbar spine of the seated person, despite low back pain(LBP) being the most common ailment associated with whole-body vibration. The objective of this paper is to develop a proper mathematical human model for LBP and musculoskeletal injury of the crew in a maritime vehicle. In this study, 7 degree-of-freedom including 2 non-rigid mass representing wobbling visceral and intestine mass, is proposed. Also, when compared with previously published experimental results, the model response was found to be well-matching. When exposed to various of vertical vibration, the human model shows appreciable non-linearity in its biodynamic responses. The relationships of resonance for LBP and musculoskeletal injury during whole-body vibration are also explained.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.88-94
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• 2021

A whole-body compression garment (WBCG) is mainly used for cosmetic purpose in Korea. Another case for wearing the WBCG would be while exercising because it allows the body to move easily. But physiological effects of wearing WBCG to the body have not been known much. To investigate whether wearing WBCG would be helpful for conducting exercises, we measured physiological criteria, which could be influenced by the compression, such as cardiovascular and pulmonary function. Twelve female college students participated in this experiment. Increase of blood pressure was monitored in all of the participants when they wore a WBCG just for 10 minutes. Pulmonary function that requires skeletal muscle contraction was decreased by wearing a WBCG. Blood pressure measured after conducting exercise became even lower when wearing a WBCG than non-wearing. Interestingly, heart pulse remained lower when wearing a WBCG than non-wearing during the whole relaxing period after the exercise. Electrocardiogram (ECG) analyses showed that such lower heart rate largely depended on extension of QT time. For that reason, physiological efficiency index (PEI) was higher for wearing WBCG. These results indicate wearing WBCG could enhance exercise efficiency by lowering heart pulse.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.81-91
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• 2019

In this study, 3D measurement data of 70 to 85 years old men were analyzed to investigate the body shape characteristics. and the type of the whole body of older men. Through this study, we aimed to provide basic data necessary for making good clothes for elderly men. We analyzed the body shape of elderly males using Korea 's 2015 elderly anthropometric data by SPSS Ver. 24.0. The body shape of older males was classified into four types: 'thin & long inverted triangle with thick legs', 'thick & short inverted triangle with bird legs', 'thick & long triangle with thick legs', 'thick & short triangle with thick legs'. As the age increases, the shoulders are sagging, the progressive reduction of the spine leads to a decrease in height, and the backbone refraction causes a decrease in the anterior center length and an increase in the back length. In addition, as the age increases, the chest circumference decreases and the abdomen and waist circumference increase. Considering these physical changes, it is necessary to set the length of the garment to 2-3cm shorter in the case of the aged layer. Waist and abdomen area are increased, it is considered that it will be necessary to add more margin of 2cm than general silver clothing when setting the margin amount. When setting the length of the upper body, it is considered that the front center length should be reduced and the back length should be increased to keep the bottom level. In this study, only the elderly males aged 70-85 years were included in the analysis of the whole body type. It is significant that the studies so far have been extended to those older than 70 years. Future research will need to be applied to the development of silver clothing through comparison of older men 's body shape in their 60s and 70s.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.157-172
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to characterize body types of males in their twenties, and to provide information on body types of males by classifying them into groups. In addition, this study attempts to provide ways that can help improve the fit and coverage rate of ready-to-wear clothes by developing an apparel sizing system according to body types. 297 male subjects in their twenties participated in this study. 54 anthropometric and 35 photographic measurements were taken from each subject. After combining the body types of the front and the side into a whole body, we selected typical body types out of the combinations. It is shown that 84.64% of males in their twenties belong to the HI type, H/equation omitted/ type, X/equation omitted/ type, Xl type, Yl type, and HS type. To develop a new size system of clothes, the distribution of sizes was determined by using means and standard deviations for basic parts of each body type. Then, the most optimal sizes were selected separately for each body type to maximize the coverage rate.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.1419-1429
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• 2012

A series of studies were carried out to investigate the supplemental effects of dietary garlic extracts (GE) on whole body amino acids, whole body and muscle free amino acids, fatty acid composition and blood plasma changes in 6 month old juvenile sterlet sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus). In the first experiment, fish with an average body weight of 59.6 g were randomly allotted to each of 10 tanks (two groups of five replicates, 20 fish/tank) and fed diets with (0.5%) or without (control) GE respectively, at the level of 2% of fish body weight per day for 5 wks. Whole body amino acid composition between the GE and control groups were not different (p>0.05). Among free amino acids in muscle, L-glutamic acid, L-alanine, L-valine, L-leucine and L-phenylalanine were significantly (p<0.05) higher in GE than in control. However, total whole body free amino acids were significantly lower in GE than in control (p<0.05). GE group showed higher EPA (C22:6n3) and DHA (C22:5n3) in their whole body than the other group (p<0.05). In the second experiment, the effects of dietary garlic extracts on blood plasma changes were investigated using 6 month old juvenile sterlet sturgeon averaging 56.5 g. Fish were randomly allotted to each of 2 tanks (300 fish/tank) and fed diets with (0.5%) or without (control) GE respectively, at the rate of 2% of body weight per day for 23 d. At the end of the feeding trial, blood was taken from the tail vein (n = 5, per group) at 1, 12, and 24 h after feeding, respectively. Blood plasma glucose, insulin and the other serological characteristics were also measured to assess postprandial status of the fish. Plasma glucose concentrations (mg/dl) between two groups (GE vs control) were significantly (p< 0.05) different at 1 (50.8 vs 62.4) and 24 h (57.6 vs 73.6) after feeding, respectively, while no significant difference (p>0.05) were noticed at 12 h (74.6 vs 73.0). Plasma insulin concentrations (${\mu}IU$/ml) between the two groups were significantly (p<0.05) different at 1 (10.56 vs 5.06) and 24 h (32.56 vs 2.96) after feeding. The present results suggested that dietary garlic extracts could increase dietary glucose utilization through the insulin secretion, which result in improved fish body quality and feed utilization by juvenile sterlet sturgeon.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.135-147
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the technical factors of Lu Yu Fu vault actually performed by three men gymnasts participated in artistic gymnastics competition of 2003 summer Universiade in Daegu through the DLT method of three dimensional cinematography. To analyze these vaults, the instant events of Lu Yu Fu were set in the board touchdown(BTD), the board takeoff(BTO), the horse touchdown(HTD), the horse takeoff(HTO), the peak height(PH), the mat touchdown(MTD) respectively and the phases of that vault were set in the board contact(BC), the preflight(PRF), the horse contact(HC), the postflight(POF), the grounding on mat(GM) respectively After calculating the performance times, the CG displacement velocity, the kinetic energy impulse reaction force moment arm torque at the horse, the released angle piked angle addressed angle, the angular momentum angular velocity of whole body in x axis, and the horizontal displacement between the feet and CG, the following conclusions were reached. To perform the better Lu Yu Fu vault, a gymnast must have the large horizontal velocity of whole body with fast run-up, decrease the duration time and the horizontal vertical displacement of whole body in PRF, have the enough time to judge the correct magnitude and direction of force to brake or push the horse so as to lengthen the HC duration time at any cost. Also it is desirable to increase the horizontal vertical displacement of whole body in POF if possible, maintain the adequate piked position to decrease the angular velocity of whole body in x axis, prepare the grounding on mat previously and delay the release of the hand from the body to keep the angular momentum.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.105-111
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• 2010

In the field of 'Human Vibration', it has been interested subjects to make equal sensation curves related to translational and rotational direction of whole-body, hand-transmitted and head-transmitted vibration, etc. When we consider the vibration of a vehicle, the main factor is vertical whole-body vibration. Until now, most of equal sensation curves used to derive frequency weighting function had been made using Western people. However, because of the inherent differences (for example, characteristic and shape of body parts, muscular and cellular tissue) between the Western people and the Oriental people, equal sensation curves based on Oriental people might be required. Also, the weight differences between the samples which consist of average-weighted and over-weighted group might cause the difference of equal sensation curves. So, in this study, 20 male Korean people were used to find equal sensation curves subject to vertical whole-body vibration on seated posture. Among 20 males, an over weighted group consisted of 10 male persons and an average weighted group was the others. Integrating and analyzing the data of two groups, some of non-parametric tests such as 'The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test' and 'The Mann Whitney U test' were used.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.85-85
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• 2019

Objective: In this study, the anti-stress effects of extract of Hydrangeae Dulcis Folium (EHDF) or ethalonic extract of Opuntiaficus-indica (EOF) of natural extracts from Jeju Island were investigated. Methods: We performed measurement of whole-body cortisol level and behavioral experiments including the novel tank test (NTT) or the open field test (OFT) to assess stress responses in zebrafish. To induce physical stress, we used the net handling stress (NHS). Fish were treated with EOF or EHDF for 6 min before they were exposed to stress. And then, we sacrificed fish for collecting body fluid from whole-body or conducted behavioural tests, including novel tank test and open field test, were evaluated to observe anxiety-like behaviours and locomotion. We used the cortisol enzyme-linked immunoassay kit to measure the amount of cortisol in each zebrafish sample. Results: The results indicate that increased anxiety-like behaviours in novel tank test and open field test under stress were prevented by treatment with both EOF and EHDF (P < 0.05). Moreover, compared with the unstressed group, which was not treated with NHS, the whole-body cortisol level was significantly increased by treatment with NHS. Compared with the NHS-treated stressed control group, pre-treatment with each EHDF and EOF for 6 min significantly prevented the NHS-increased whole-body cortisol level (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion these results suggest that both EOF and EHDF pretreatment may prevent stress responses and that its mechanism of action may be related to its positive effects on cortisol release.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.72-84
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• 2023

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of whole-body vibration stimulation training on the thickness of the transversus abdominis muscle and the balance of sitting posture in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Design: Single-subject design(A-B-A-B). Methods: The subjects of this study were 9 children with spastic cerebral palsy. The study period was 12 weeks in total, and the baseline period and the intervention period were each assigned 3 weeks. Intervention was conducted twice a week for 30 minutes. During the baseline period, trunk stabilization exercise was performed, and during the intervention period, trunk stabilization exercise and whole-body vibration stimulation training were performed. Measurements were carried out at before the experiment, baseline 1, intervention 1, baseline 2, intervention 2 and the total number of measurements was 5 times. Repeated ANOVA was performed to compare the effects of exercise according to the intervention method. Results: The thickness of the transversus abdominis muscle and the balance of the sitting posture were statistically significantly increased compared to the baseline during whole-body vibration stimulation training (p<.05). Conclusion: Therefore, it was confirmed that whole-body vibration stimulation training improved the thickness of the transversus abdominis muscle in children with spastic cerebral palsy and was an effective intervention method for improving sitting posture balance.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2009

Purpose: A whole body scan using a radioactive iodine (I-131) for the patients with differentiated thyroid cancer is generally an useful method to detect the remnant thyroid tissue, recurred lesion or metastasis lesion after a surgery. The high dose treatment using the radioactive iodine recently tends to increase, and a hospitalization wait for the treatment has been delayed for several months. In this hospital, the treatable patients per week were increased in number through expanding a water-purifier tank and the examination time also increased as the I-131 whole body scan patients increased. Improvement for this problem, this research reduce the existing examination time and classifying the lesion's exact position intended to by fabricating and utilizing the transmission scan tool and an excellent resolution for whole body imaging. Materials and Methods: After conducting the whole body scan for patients who visited the department from February to July 2008 and received the I-131 whole body scan using the ORBITER Gamma Camera. A rail was installed in the examination table for the transmission scan for show a contour of surface area and then the transmission image was obtained and fused to the whole body scan through fabricating the tool to put a flood phantom of diluted 2 mCi $^{99m}Tc$-pertechnetate. Results: Fused image of I-131 whole body scan and the transmission scan had the excellent resolution to discriminate an oral cavity or salivary gland region, neck region's lesion, and metastasis region's position through a simple marking, and could reduce the examination time of 8~28 minutes because without the additional local image. Conclusions: In I-131 whole body scan, the transmission scan can accurately show a contour of surface area through the attenuation of radioactivity, and is useful to indicate the remnant thyroid tissue or metastasis lesion's position by improving the resolution through the fusion image with alreadyexecuted I-131 whole body scan. Also, because the additional local image is not necessary, it can reduce the time required for the examination. It will extensively apply to other clinical examinations to be helpful for identifying an anatomical position because it shows the contour of surface area.