• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.141-147
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• 2012

Blind persons are information alienation class in spite of development of an Information-Communication technology. Need dog's paw of a business automation technology that apply Information-Communication know-how to do these in white-collar job go to work. I wish to develop VI 05 that can improve computer practical use ability by developing integration solution that can analyze know-how that need in transaction of business and overcome this technologically. Because developed VI 05 reserves and handles work that require screen spread, function that convert data of screen including character into voice, accuracy by integration solution that is necessary in transaction of business the process simplificaton make function that need in Secretariat state process such as knowing function have.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.7-18
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aims to investigate whether there is a difference in the prevalence of hypertension according to gender, occupational group, and occupational group according to gender. Research design, data, and methodology: This study classified the occupational groups according to the gender of men and women between the ages of 20 and 49 into office workers and non-office workers from the 7th 2017 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 2,691 people were surveyed, including 1,394 office workers and 1,297 non-office workers. Frequency analysis, chi-square, and Independent T-test for distribution difference analysis of categorical variables analysis for occupation and hypertension were applied. Statistical significance was verified at 0.001 to determine the validity analysis. All statistical analyses were performed using the IBM SPSS 24.0 program. Results: The main risk factors for hypertension were gender, age, education, obesity, smoking, drinking, family history, and chronic diseases. There were differences in the prevalence of hypertension among office workers and non-office workers. Conclusions: Men had a higher prevalence of hypertension than women, while non-office workers had a higher prevalence than office workers. In the case of women, non-office workers have a higher prevalence of hypertension than white-collar workers.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.143-156
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the affecting factors of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and it's components in Korean adults in their 30s and 40s. Methods: The present study assessed 1,215 subjects who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2014. We analyzed the prevalence rate of MetS and it's components and their affecting factors. Results: The prevalence rate of MetS was 16%. Family history of diabetes mellitus and, low or high saturated fat intake were associated with MetS in males. Low income, low education, excessive sleep, excessive carbohydrate and low saturated fat intake were associated with MetS in females. Triglycerides showed the highest prevalence in males and were related to white collar socioeconomic status, smoking, and obesity. Triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were high in females, and triglycerides were affected by excessive sleep, family history, low saturated fat intake, and obesity. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol was affected by obesity. Conclusions: Because sex differences exist in MetS, it is necessary to intervene through diverse approaches. In particular, a continuous management and preventive intervention for obesity is needed.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.31-61
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• 2000

Introduction. Despite the fact that half of premature deaths are caused by unhealthy lifestyles such as smoking tobacco, sedentary lifestyle, alcohol and drug abuse and poor nutrition, there are no theoretical models which accurately explain these health promotion related behaviors. This study tests a new model of health behavior called the Model of Health Promotion Behavior. This model draws on elements and frameworks suggested by the Health Belief Model, Social Cognitive Theory, the Theory of Planned Action and the Health Promotion Model. This model is intended as a general model of behavior but this first test of the model uses amount of exercise as the outcome behavior. Design. This study utilized a cross sectional mail-out, mail-back survey design to determine the elements within the model that best explained intentions to exercise and those that best explained amount of exercise. A follow-up questionnaire was mailed to all respondents to the first questionnaire about 10 months after the initial survey. A pretest was conducted to refine the questionnaire and a pilot study to test the protocols and assumptions used to calculate the required sample size. Sample. The sample was drawn from 2000 eligible participants at two blue collar (utility company and part of a hospital) and two white collar (bank and pharmaceutical) companies located in Southeastern Michigan. Both white collar site had employee fitness centers and all four sites offered health promotion programs. In the first survey, 982 responses were received (49.1％) after two mailings to non-respondents and one additional mailing to secure answers to missing data, with 845 usable cases for the analyzing current intentions and 918 usable cases for the explaining of amount of current exercise analysis. In the follow-up survey, questionnaires were mailed to the 982 employees who responded to the initial survey. After one follow-up mailing to non-respondents, and one mailing to secure answers to missing data, 697 (71.0％) responses were received, with 627 (63.8％) usable cases to predict intentions and 673 (68.5％) usable cases to predict amount of exercise. Measures. The questionnaire in the initial survey had 15 scales and 134 items; these scales measured each of the variables in the model. Thirteen of the scales were drawn from the literature, all had Cronbach's alpha scores above .74 and all but three had scores above .80. The questionnaire in the second mailing had only 10 items, and measured only outcome variables. Analysis. The analysis included calculation of scale scores, Cronbach's alpha, zero order correlations, and factor analysis, ordinary least square analysis, hierarchical tests of interaction terms and path analysis, and comparisons of results based on a random split of the data and splits based on gender and employer site. The power of the regression analysis was .99 at the .01 significance level for the model as a whole. Results. Self efficacy and Non-Health Benefits emerged as the most powerful predictors of Intentions to exercise, together explaining approximately 19％ of the variance in future Intentions. Intentions, and the interaction of Intentions with Barriers, with Support of Friends, and with Self Efficacy were the most consistent predictors of amount of future exercise, together explaining 38％ of the variance. With the inclusion of Prior Exercise History the model explained 52％ of the variance in amount of exercise 10 months later. There were very few differences in the variables that emerged as important predictors of intentions or exercise in the different employer sites or between males and females. Discussion. This new model is viable in predicting intentions to exercise and amount of exercise, both in absolute terms and when compared to existing models.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.60
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• pp.133-173
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• 2018

This paper analyzes the consistency and the discrepancy between system and practices of the old age pension(Nyunronyungeum) in North Korea. The literature review is conducted to analyze the system. Specifically, the North Korean law and North Korean dictionaries were carefully examined. The interviews with 25 North Korean refugees were conducted to grasp the exact state of the old age pension in North Korea. Major findings are as follows: the consistency between system and practices of the old age pension in North Korea is identified only certain portions of that. Beneficiaries(blue-collar workers, white-collar workers, farmers, soldiers, and employees in foreign-invested enterprises), contribution periods, earning-related schemes, the totalization of periods of coverage(workplace transitions), the absence of double benefits and early retirement pension, and the delivery system around Civic Service offices(Dong offices) are confirmed by complete consistency. Preservation age, variations in the implementation of the pension system by region, and premium of the old age pension are confirmed by partial consistency. The length of service, the labor regulation, lump-sum payment, and double dipping are confirmed by discrepancies. It's important that this study brings about a better understanding the old age pension in North Korea through various original texts of North Korea and interviews with refugees. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the policy production for the age income security system after the unification and to the spread of unification perspectives.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.8535-8549
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the life satisfaction of marriage immigrant women in an effort to provide some information on how to offer social support for marriage immigrant women to lead a more satisfaction life. The overall life satisfaction level of the marriage immigrant women was above the average(a mean of 3.40). By age, the women whose husbands were younger were more satisfied. The higher the husband's education, religion appeared higher in cases where the wife is religion, the women who resided in our country for less than five years expressed more life satisfaction. The husband was found in the case of highly professional and white-collar job, the higher the monthly income of the household and when they resided in their own houses. In this context, integrated in terms of international community members to migrant women requires systematic support policies moves forward to global countries.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.412-424
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• 2015

Objectives: An ultra dry air environment of nearly ${\leq}2%$ RH is often required in lithium battery factories. The objective of this study is to evaluate the subjective eye, pulmonary, nose, and skin symptoms of workers exposed to ultra-low relative humidity and thionyl chloride. Methods: We recruited 274 workers using a self-reported questionnaire in March 2014. Those who worked in ultra-low relative humidity and with thionyl chloride were identified and their prevalence of symptoms was compared with that of other workers. We excluded white collar workers, researchers and other workers who were exposed to various hazard factors, and finally included 164 workers. Results: There were significant differences in the rate of self-reported eye and skin symptoms between exposure group_1 and exposure group_2. Exposure group_2 experienced more frequent eye, and skin symptoms. Multinomial logistic regression analysis for experience of dry eye symptoms and skin symptoms in exposure group_2 showed that dry eye symptoms (odds ratio [OR], 6.33, 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.19-18.24, p<0.001), and itchiness (OR, 6.45, 95% CI, 1.94-21.43, p<0.01) were the significant variables. The complaints of workers experiencing ultra-low relative humidity and thionyl chloride were high compared with other workers. Conclusion: These findings suggest that exposure to ultra-low relative humidity and thionyl chloride may be associated with more frequent eye and skin symptoms than exposure to ultra-low relative humidity alone. The current precautions to protect workers from the adverse effects of ultra-low relative humidity and thionyl chloride appear to be insufficient, indicating that additional management plans to reduce symptoms should be considered.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.68-79
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• 1997

In this thesis which takes fashion advertising that functions a marketing communication as an objective, I try to bear witness to the signifying system of garments though analyzing with semiotic methodology the signifying procedure on the base of the structural concept of Ferdinand de Saussure and the advertisement semiotic theory of Roland Barthes, to make clear their signifying structure and it meaning by understanding the characteristics of contemporary society and its cognitive system. Each sign of fashion advertising transfers the brand image through syntagmatic signification which contains the mythology of goods. Mannish style is encoded as tailored jacket, white shirt, H-silhouette and pants, non-color or being color, and it is presented as a clothing sign of casual wear for career women. Feminine style is encoded as X-silhouette, soutien collar suit style, various colors, and other details with womanly image, and it is presented as a clothing sign for maid or young wife 20\`s or 30\`s. Formal style is encoded as jacket vest, inner wear(blouse), two and three piece dress by pants or skirt and one-piece dress, and it is used in every age and class. Casual style is similar to formal style, but differs only in textile code. Clothing sign for housewives in middle age is encoded as H-silhouette of formal style, long jacket and pants and brown, being and grey colors. Contemporary popular phenomena in the signification of fashion advertising, and its temporal ideology reflected are as follows; According to the context of fashion advertising in the middle of 1990\`s, its fashion is that first, military look applied from the designs of various sort of military uniform and vest look and pant style applied from dandy-style imitated from man\`s wear are popuar. This mean that it reflects the change of point of view on woman\`s role in society today. That is, due to the equality between man and woman, it mirrors the ideology of feminism, and then, describes beautifully professional woman with carrer. Second, because that individualism is underlied for the change of consumer\`s consciousness, standardized popularity is disappeared, and in accordance with the mixture of various trends and personalities proposed every season, layered look that emphasizes individualism, easiness and naturalness is popular.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.137-153
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• 2002

This research tried to examine how the love style is changed as the psychological tendency specifying individual personality types that other domestic and foreign researches have overlooked all this while. The subjects of this study were the college students and white and blue-collar employees. The instruments used in this study were the Love Attitude Scale and the MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator). When applying the MBTI and the Love Attitude Scale, 474 people were analyzed. To get the result, the data from the survey were processed by the statistical program, SPSS/PC$^+$. Specifically, the statistical methods employed in this study were frequency, percentile, mean, standard deviation, factor analysis and chi-square. The major findings are as follows: 1. The most frequent love style among single men and women in this study was the Eros (46.6%). The next frequent love style was the Storge (40.3%). The Ludus occupied the least portion (13.1%) among single men and women. 2. The personality types over 10% among 16 personality types of MBTI were ISTJ (Introverted Sensing Type) (19.4%), ESTJ (Extroverted Sensing Type) (13.1%), and ISTP (Introverted Thinking Type) (12.4%). 3. As a result of observing the relationship of the love stymie and the psychological tendency among single men and women, the love style was found to have relationship with TF preference (Judgement function) and JP preference (Life Style). However, there were no relationships with the love style and EI preference (focus of Energy), SN preference (Perception Function).

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.22 no.2 s.37
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• pp.345-372
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• 1992

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of changes of mandibular position on temporomandibular joint in internal derangement patients Twenty-four female New Zealand White Rabbits, weighing over 3.5kg, were utilized in this study . Bilateral temporomandibular joint surgery was performed in twenty-one of the rabbits to displace disc anteriorly through incising the retrodiscal tissue 1-2mm posterior to the disc, thus inducing internal derangement. They were divided into three groups nine were left untreated after surgery, six were fitted with functional protrusive appliances 4 weeks after surgery, and six wore collar appliances to apply 4 ounces of mandibular refractive force per side 4 weeks after surgery. The remaining three served as the control group. Histologic examinations were performed after sacrificing them by threes at 4-week intervals. The results were as follows. 1. Histologic findings similar to internal derangement were observed in the rabbits whose retrodiscal tissues had been incised. 2. In the rabbits untreated after surgery, articular surface on condylar process and articular eminence showed severe erosion and deformation, and displaced disc manifested changes in both shape and internal architecture. 3. Functional protrusion after surgery resulted in progressive remodeling on postero-superior portion of condyle and glenoid fossa, while it also brought about erosion on articular eminence and anterior portion of condyle. 4. Mandibular retraction after surgery resulted in compression of retrodiscal tissue and regressive remodeling of posterior portion of condyle.