• Mycobiology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.158-159
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• 2009

In 2007 to 2008, a fruit rot of Melon (Cucumis melo L.) caused by Sclerotium rolfsii occurred sporadically in a farmer's vinyl house in Jinju City. The symptoms started with watersoaking lesion and progressed into the rotting of the surface of fruit. White mycelial mats appeared on the lesion at the surface of the fruit and a number of sclerotia formed on the fruit near the soil line. The sclerotia were globoid in shape, 1${\sim}$3 mm in size, and white to brown in color. The hyphal width was measured 3 to 8 ${\mn}$. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth and sclerotia formation was 30 on PDA. Typical clamp connections were observed in hyphae of grown for 4 days on PDA. On the basis of symptoms, mycological characteristics and pathogenicity to the host plant, this fungus was identified as Sclerotium rolfsii Saccardo. This is the first report of the fruit rot of Melon caused by S. rolfsii in Korea.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.285-291
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• 2004

To determine the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings and natural history of cerebral fat embolism in a cat model, and to correlate the MR imaging and histologic fmdings. Intemel carotid artery of 11 cats was injected with 0.1 ml of triolein. T2-weighted, T1-weighted and Gd-enhanced T1-weighted images were obtained serially for 2 hours, 1 days, 4 days, 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks after embolization. Any abnormal signal intensity was evaluated. After MR imaging at 3 weeks, brain tissue was obtained for light microscopic (LM) examination using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Luxol fast blue staining, and for electron microscopic examination. The LM examination with HE staining revealed normal histological findings in the greater part of an embolized lesion. Cystic change was observed in the gray matter of 8 cats, while in the gray and white matter of 3 cats. At LM examination, Luxol fast blue, staining demonstrated demyelination around the cystic change occurring in the white matter, and EM examination of the embolized cortex revealed sporadic intracapillary fat vacuoles (n=11) and disruption of the blood-brain barrier (n=4). Most lesions were normal, however, and perivascular interstitial edema and cellular swelling were mild compared with the control side. The greater part of an embolized lesion showed reversible findings at MR and histological examination. Irreversible focal necrosis was, however, observed in gray and white matter at weeks 3.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.151-154
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• 2012

Background: The aim of this study was to document the optimal spacing of two cannulae to form continuous strip lesions and maximal surface area by using water-cooled bipolar radiofrequency technology. Methods: Two water-cooled needle probes (15 cm length, 18-gauge probe with 6 mm electrode tip) were placed in a parallel position 10, 20, 24, 26, and 28 mm apart and submerged in egg white. Temperatures of the probes were raised from $35^{\circ}C$ to $90^{\circ}C$ and the progress of lesion formation was photographed every 1 minute with the increase of the tip temperature. Approximately 30 photographs were taken. The resultant surface areas of the lesions were measured with the digital image program. Results: Continuous strip lesions were formed when the cannulae were spaced 24 mm or less apart; monopolar lesions around each cannula resulted if they were spaced more than 26 mm apart. Maximal surface areas through the formation of continuous strip lesion were 221 $mm^2$, 375 $mm^2$, and 476 $mm^2$ in 10, 20, and 24 mm, respectively. Summations of maximal surface area of each monopolar lesions were 394 $mm^2$ and 103 $mm^2$ in 26 and 28 mm, respectively. Conclusions: Water-cooled bipolar Radiofrequency technology creates continuous "strip" lesions proportional in size to the distance between the probes till the distance between cannulae is 24 mm or less. Spacing the cannulae 24 mm apart and treating about $80^{\circ}C$ for 24 minutes maximizes the surface area of the lesion.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.190-199
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• 2019

$Carbopol^{(R)}$ 907 used as surface protecting agent in White's method is the one of the artificial caries lesion producing solution was discontinuing of production. New surface protecting material to substitute of $Carbopol^{(R)}$ 907 was required. The author prepared an artificial caries lesion producing solution as follows White's method with $Carbopol^{(R)}$ 907 and also another artificial caries lesion producing solution with $Carbopol^{(R)}$ $2050^{(R)}$. 96 flattened and polished enamel samples were immersed in a demineralizing solution of 0.1 mol/L lactic acid, 0.2% carboxyvinylpolymer and 50% saturated hydroxyapatite for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 15, 18 and 20 days. All samples from each group were subjected to polarized microscopy observed and image analysis for measuring the lesion depth. From the review of polarized images, the artificial caries lesion producing solution using $Carbopol^{(R)}$ 907 and $Carbopol^{(R)}$ 2050 can produced an artificial caries that was very similar to natural caries characters. From the regression analysis of the lesion depth produced by the artificial caries lesion producing solution using $Carbopol^{(R)}$ 907 and $Carbopol^{(R)}$ 2050, $Carbopol^{(R)}$ 2050 estimate as Y = 9.8X + 8.0 and $Carbopol^{(R)}$ 907 was Y = 8.4X - 0.4. R square value of $Carbopol^{(R)}$ 2050 and $Carbopol^{(R)}$ 907 was 0.965 and 0.945 respectively. The rate of demineralization by the artificial caries lesion producing solution using $Carbopol^{(R)}$ 2050 was faster than that of $Carbopol^{(R)}$ 907. And R square value of $Carbopol^{(R)}$ 2050 and $Carbopol^{(R)}$ 907 were very high and it means that the lesion depth was very high coefficient to demineralization period.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.174-177
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• 2020

Multiple studies have established that mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) exhibits reversible diffusion restriction in the white matter, including the splenium. There have been a few previous reports of the change in fractional anisotropy (FA) of MERS cases. Herein, we report the longitudinal changes in axial and radial diffusivity (AD and RD), and FA in a 15-year-old boy patient with MERS. Our case demonstrated that a MERS lesion had a significant drop of AD in the early period and gradual recovery. On the contrary, RD did not show any significant change.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 2020

Purpose: Preterm infants are at high risk for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been proposed as a means of predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes in this population. It is controversial whether diffuse excessive high signal intensity (DEHSI) represents damage to the white matter or delayed myelination in preterm infants. This study investigated MRI findings for predicting the severity of neurodevelopmental outcomes and assessing whether preterm infants with DEHSI near term-equivalent age have abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes. Materials and Methods: Preterm infants (n = 64, gestational age at birth < 35 weeks) undergoing brain MRI near term-equivalent age and subsequent neurodevelopmental outcomes were evaluated between 18 and 24 months of age. The associations of MRI findings and the risk of severe cognitive delay, severe psychomotor delay, cerebral palsy (CP), and neurosensory impairment were analyzed. The associations of DEHSI with risks of severe cognitive delay, severe psychomotor delay, CP, and neurosensory impairment (hearing or visual impairment) were analyzed. Outcome data were evaluated by logistic regression and the Fisher's exact test. Results: There were significant associations between abnormal white matter findings and delayed mental development, delayed psychomotor development, neurosensory impairment, and presence of CP. The presence of DEHSI was not correlated with delayed neurodevelopmental outcomes or presence of CP. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, cystic encephalomalacia, punctate lesion, loss of white matter volume and ventricular dilation were significantly associated with CP. Conclusion: Abnormal MRI findings near term-equivalent age in preterm infants predict adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. No significant association between DEHSI and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes was demonstrated.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.313-324
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• 1997

The aim of the present study was to describe an safe and convenient method for the early detection of enamel caries using laser fluorescence. Fluorescence from natually carious lesion of human teeth illuminated by an argon laser(488nm) was observed and photographed using barrier filter. Intact enamel was found to fluorescence with a yellowish light. Whereas, incipient caries lesions in the enamel were dearly visible as dark areas in contrast to the fluorescence surroundings. For evaluation of accuracy of this method, lesion depth measured by the laser fluorescence in light microscope was compared with that polarizing microscope. The results from the present study can be summarized as follows : 1. Enamel caries of smooth surface was observed as pale white spot and undefined outline in ordinary light. Whereas, lesion was clearly visible as dark spot in laser fluorescence. 2. There was no difference between ordinary light view and laser fluorescence in occlusal surface and interproximal surface. 3. There was no significant difference between the lesion depth observed by laser fluorescence with light microscope and polarizing microscope. Apparent correlation exists between two groups.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.149-154
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• 1999

In anatomical aspects, magnetic resonance image offers more accurate information than other medical images such as X ray, ultrasonic and CT images. This paper introduces a method that segments and detects lesion for 2 dimensional axial MR brain images automatically. Image segmentation process consists of 2 stages. First stage extracts cerebrum region using thresholding and morphology. In the second stage, white matter, gray matter and cerebrospinal fluid in the cerebrum are extracted using FCM, We could improve processing time as removing uninterested region. Finally symmetry measure and anatomical Knowledge are used to detect lesion.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.109-118
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• 1991

The author studied the age distribution, etiology, affected site and several radiographic features of periapical granulomas, cysts, and abscesses. The material consisted of 928 films obtained from the patients who were diagnosed and treated under the diagnosis of periapical granulomas, cysts, and abscesses during the past 8 years (1979-1986) at the Infirmary of Dental School, Chosun University. The obtained results were as follows: 1. The order of incidence was as follows: periapical abscess (67.2%), granuloma, and cyst. 2. The age distribution revealed the highest incidence around the age of 30 and relatively higher incidence over the age of 60 in the case of periapical abscess and granuloma. 3. In the frequency of location: Periapical abscesses occured most frequently in the mandibular molars. Granulomas showed relatively higher incidence in maxilla than in mandible. Cysts were most common in the maxillary anterior teeth. 4. The mean diameter of dental granuloma was 5.9㎜, however, all dental granulomas were less than 9.3㎜ in diameter. The mean diameter of periapical cyst was l3.8㎜. 5. Periapical cyst revealed well circumscribed radiolucent lesions and 77.8% of the lesion showed white line. 86.0% of dental granuloma showed well circumscribed border, 54.5% sclerosis on surrounding bone and 38.5% partial white line. Periapical abscess revealed diffuse radiolucent lesion, 89.6% of the lesions had sclerosis on surrounding bone, and 38.0% sinus tract.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.90-92
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• 2008

In 2007, a bulb rot of Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum Makino caused by Sclerotium rolfsii occurred sporadically in a herb farm at Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. The symptom initiated with water-soaking lesion and progressed into bulb rot and wilt of a whole plant. Severely infected plants were blighted and killed eventually. White mycelial mats appeared on the lesion at early stage and a number of sclerotia were formed on the bulb. The sclerotia were spherical, $1{\sim}3 mm$ and white to brown. The optimum temperature for the growth and sclerotia formation was $30^{\circ}C$ on PDA. The hyphal width was measured $4-9{\mu}m$. The typical clamp connections were observed on PDA. Based on the symptom, mycological characteristics and pathogenicity to the host plant, this fungus was identified as Sclerotium rolfsii Saccardo. This is the first report on the bulb rot of A. victorialis var. platyphyllum caused by S. rolfsii in Korea.