• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 1996

To find out the reference data of the school food service system, I serveyed four primary schools in Seoul, Korea and Nara, Japan respectively. The school children and their parents of whom arbitrary selected two classes among each primary school, were taken the questionaire about the present school food service system and their favorate food. The results were as follows; 1) 74.8% of Korean and Japanese children, and 92.5% of their parents were in favor of school food service. 2) Korean childrin wanted more amount of food and less salty taste. 3) Korean and Japanese children and their parents believed that the school food service system correct children's unbalanced diet. 4) Korean children wished more kinds of foods, western-styled cooking and that the food would be served in warm state. 5) Korean parents wanted that school food service system should be natural and better quality food material, and teacher should educate good eating habit. 6) Korean school children prefer yogurt, cuttle-fish, chicken, bean-curd, tomato, orange, dried laver, sweet potato, pine-mushroom in each food group. In conclusion, school food service system should be enough to meet children's good nutrition status, and the menu would be selected with consideration of children's preference and Korean traditional diet habit. Good table manner and eating all kinds of foods should be targht by school food service system as well as preparing good quality of food.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.703-714
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• 1993

The iron content of 178 food items were analyzed by ICP to provide database to calculate dietary intake of iron in Korea. The analysis data showed significant deviations of iron contents in some food items compared with Food Composition Table of KRNI which is most widely used at present. Three day dietary intake records were collected from 96 female college students to estimate mean daily iron intake and bioavailability of dietary iron. Mean daily intake of total iron in the study subjects was 13.2mg and heme iron intake was 0.94mg, 6.7% of total iron intake. BGioavailability of dietary iron was calculated by two methods. Total absorbable iron was calculated by the method of Monsen, body iron storage of the subjects being estimated with serum ferritin concentrations, was 1.21mg and bioavailability of dietary iron was thus 9.3%. Bioavailability calculated with the method by Hallberg was 11.22%. Two values of dietary iron bioavailability of the present study are lower than the reported values in adult women consuming typical western diets but within the range estimated for vegetarians. Considering high prevalence of iron deficiency based on serum ferritin concentrations and low bioavailability of diet in young adult Korean women, more efforts should be made to increase the content and bioavailability of iron in diet of Korea adult women.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.693-712
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• 2004

The rats with protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM, 5％ casein diet for a period of 4-week) were reported to exhibit 60 and 80％ suppression in the hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1 A2 and CYP2C11 levels, respectively, and 40-50％ decreases in CYP2E1 and CYP3A 1/2 levels compared to control (23％ casein diet for a period of 4-week) based on Western blot analysis. In addition, Northern blot analysis showed that CYP1 A2, CYP2E1, CYP2C11, and CYP3A1/2 mRNAs decreased in the state of PCM as well. Hence, pharmacokinetic changes of the drugs in rats with PCM [especially the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to time infinity (AUC) changes of metabolite(s)] reported from literatures were tried to explain in terms of CYP isozyme changes in the rats. Otherwise, the time-averaged nonrenal clearance ($CL_{NR}$) of parent drug was compared. Pharmacokinetic changes of the drugs in other types of malnutritional state, such as kwashiorkor and marasmus, in both human and animal models were also compared. The drugs reviewed are as follows： diuretics, antibiotics, anticancer agents, antiepileptics, antiarrythmics, analgesics, xanthines, antimalarials, and miscellaneous.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.216-229
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• 2000

This study was conducted to evaluate the degree of maintenance of traditional dietary patterns in school lunch menus based on cooking methods. One week of school lunch menus for April and October and 3 dishes with high preference were obtained from school food service dietitians in 353 schools representing all of Korea's provinces and major cities. Based on cultural characteristics, a total of 992 different kinds of dishes were classified into 6 types (Korean, Western, Eastern, modified Korean, modified Eastern, modified Western). The dishes were also divided into 24 categories by cooking method. The most frequently served dish type was 'Korea' (78.4%) and the most frequently served meal followed the pattern 'rice+soup+kimchi+side dishes'. The percentage of 'Korea' side dishes other than rice, soup, an kimchi on menus was 76.3% and that for desserts was 50.8%. These figures indicate that traditional dietary patterns have been changing in the categories of side dishes and desserts. A total of 44.3% of the dishes fell under the 'Korean' category. Among the meals served, the percentage of 'Korean' dishes was relatively low, indicating that students prefer foreign foods or dishes made according to foreign cooking methods. These results suggest that in order to improve the quality of school food services, it will be necessary to search for common ground between the traditional diet and student preferences.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.177-182
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• 2014

This study was to determine the correlation between endothelial function and neuro-endocrine-immune (NEI) network through observing the changes of NEI network under the different endothelial dysfunction models. Three endothelial dysfunction models were established in male Wistar rats after exposure to homocysteine (Hcy), high fat diet (HFD) and Hcy+HFD. The results showed that there was endothelial dysfunction in all three models with varying degrees. However, the expression of NEI network was totally different. Interestingly, treatment with simvastatin was able to improve vascular endothelial function and restored the imbalance of the NEI network, observed in the Hcy+HFD group. The results indicated that NEI network may have a strong association with endothelial function, and this relationship can be used to distinguish different risk factors and evaluate drug effects.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.241-253
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• 1999

The results of the study about comparison of Eastern-Western medicine on the Atopic dermatitis were as follows. 1. Atopic dermatitis is chronic eczematous dermatosis which have severe itching, characteristic eruption, easily occur region and pass on chronic relapsing progress and have family history of Atopic disease and hereditary disposition. 2. Atopic dermatitis assume an remarkable clinical aspect and it's diagnosis depends on family history and clinical symptom. 3. In all cases of Western medical treatment is nothing but a symptomatic treatment because can not find out certainly the cause of Atopic dermatitis. 4. Atopic dermatitis is belong to the category of the 'Naesun(내癬)', 'Taeryumchang(胎斂瘡)', 'Samanpoong(四灣風)' etc. in Oriental medicine. 5. The etiology and pathogenesis of Atopic dermatitis in oriental medicine are congenital defect(稟賦不足), internal accumulation of damp and heat(濕熱內鬱), improper diet(飮食不節), exogenous pathogenic factors(外邪侵襲), etc.. 6. The treatments of Atopic dermatitis in oriental medicine are thought effective clear up heat and remove dampness with febrifugal arld diuretic drug(淸熱利濕), invigorate the spleen to resolve dampness(健脾燥濕), nourish Um and blood to relave dryness(滋陰養血潤燥), etc..

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.313-337
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• 1999

In oriental medicine, 'chi(痔)' is 'the prolapsed nodule' in 'Ku-gyu(九竅)', but in this paper, I will write about prolapsed nodule only in anus or around it, chi-jil(痔疾), it called hemorrhoid in western medicine. So in the literatual studies on chi(痔) in anus or around it, the results are as follows. 1. The etiology and pathogenesis of ch.i-jil(痔疾) is wind, wetness, dryness, and heat caused by inrregular diet habit, severe drinking and sexual action, deficiency of ki(氣) and hyeol(血). 2. Characteristic symptoms of chi-jil(痔疾) is the prolapsed nodule in the anus or around it, and general symptoms are hematochezia, pain, hernia, swelling, abcess, and mucosal secretion. 3. Chi-jil(痔疾) is classified eight types by characteristic symptom, shape, etiology and pathogenesis. They are mac-chi(脈痔), jang-chi(腸痔), ki-chi(氣痔), hyeol-chi(血痔), joo-chi(酒痔), mo-chi(牡痔), bin-chi(牡痔), and loo-chi(屢痔)(or young-chi(영痔), choong-chi(蟲痔)). Additionally, they are divided into two parts, internal and external chi-jil(痔疾), as likely as classification of internal and external hemorrhoid in western medicine. 4. Treatment of chi-jil(痔疾) is two methods, internal treatment and external treatment. Internal treatment is per os herb-pharmacotheraphy, external treatment is surgical or the other external pharmacotheraphy. There are several external treatment, these are fumigation-theraphy(熏痔法). irrigation-theraphy(洗痔法), paint-theraphy(塗痔法). withering-theraphy(枯痔法), bending-therphy(結紮法) and incisal -theraphy(切開法).

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.365-372
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Owing to health concerns related to the consumption of traditional snacks high in sugars and fats, much effort has been made to develop functional snacks with low calorie content. In this study, a new recipe for Korean rice cookie, dasik, was developed and its antioxidative, lipid-lowering, and anti-inflammatory effects and related mechanisms were elucidated. The effects were compared with those of traditional rice cake dasik (RCD), the lipid-lowering effect of which is greater than that of traditional western-style cookies. MATERIALS/METHODS: Ginseng-added brown rice dasik (GBRD) was prepared with brown rice flour, fructooligosaccharide, red ginseng extract, and propolis. Mice were grouped (n = 7 per group) into those fed a normal AIN-76 diet, a high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD supplemented with RCD or GBRD. Dasik in the HFD accounted for 7% of the total calories. The lipid, reactive oxygen species, and peroxynitrite levels, and degree of lipid peroxidation in the plasma or liver were determined. The expression levels of proteins involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation, and those of antioxidant enzymes were determined by western blot analysis. RESULTS: The plasma and hepatic total cholesterol concentrations in the GBRD group were significantly decreased via downregulation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (P < 0.05). The hepatic peroxynitrite level was significantly lower, whereas glutathione was higher, in the GBRD group than in the RCD group. Among the antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly upregulated in the GBRD group (P < 0.05). In addition, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-${\kappa}B$) expression in the GBRD group was significantly lower than that in the RCD group. CONCLUSIONS: GBRD decreases the plasma and hepatic cholesterol levels by downregulating cholesterol synthesis. This new dasik recipe also improves the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory status in HFD-fed mice via CAT and GPx upregulation and NF-${\kappa}B$ downregulation. These effects were significantly higher than those of RCD.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.463-476
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• 2016

Western countries came to Asia aggressively in the early 1900s. Westerners who came to Korea at that time also had a various jobs with diplomats, missionaries, doctors, and so on. Korean diet was curious and shocking to foreigners in the early 1990s, so they made a record of the Korean diet. They thought Korea was peaceful, attractive and rich to eat. Koreans ate mainly rice and kimchi, a variety of grains, vegetables and bibimbap. Korea had a variety of meat and fish, seaweed, and herbs(ginseng). Foreigners said Koreans were greedy for food and ate a lot. Koreans ate basically a bowl of rice(bap), a bowl of soup(kuk), kimchi, soy sauce and other dishes. If Koreans wanted to set a table in abundance, they have meat soup(kuk) with meat and additional fish like as raw fish, dried fish, and boiled or fried fish. Korean people had a jangdokdae with Ongki(Earthen jar) where soy sauce(kanjang), soybean paste(doenjang), red pepper paste(kochujang), pickles (jang-achi) have been fermented. Foreigners felt the smell of lacquer tree and kimchi hung in the air from Korean people. While they were compared it to the smell of western rim cheese burger, they said Korea was a country with nasty smell in the feet. By the records of foreigners in the early 1900s, Korean's diets and image were appeared objectively.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.77-83
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• 2016

Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the possibility of making Korean Medicine-Western Medicine collaboration Critical Pathway for Acute Postoperative Pain after Back Surgery. Methods This preliminary Critical Pathway (CP) was composed of 9 Index of vertical axis (assesment, treatment, patient movements, consultation, diet, other, administration, examination, education) and 5 hospitalization periods of horizontal axis through a review of the literature and reference data of medical records. This preliminary CP's Content Validity Index (CVI) survey was carried out by 20 personnel of two different medical institutions from 06, June, 2016 to 15, June, 2016. All data were double-cross checked and analyzed. Results Of those questioned, there were 13 males and 7 females in age, 6 professors, 7 medical residents, 7 nurses in position of 20 personnel. According to the survey, among the 62 contents, 32 contents are above 80 percent agreements, 12 contents were between 70 to 80 percent and 18 contents below 70 percent agreements. Especially, Most contents in treatment index were below fixed validity. Overall Contents Validity in Index, Treatments (72.7%), Diet (100.0%), Other (100.0%), Administration (75.0%) and Examination (100.0%) were in high validity. On the other hands, Assessments (29.4%), Patient movements (0.0%), Consultation (30.0%) and Education (33.3%) were in low position. Conclusions This survey results can be evidence of possibility to develop New Korean Medicine-Western Medicine Collaboration Critical Pathway for Acute Postoperative Pain after Back Surgery.