• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2006

Present study was conducted to improve the spring frame net trap for conger eel, Conger myriaster which prevents by-catch and protects immature fish. A series of comparative fishing experiment was carried out in water off the south-east coast of Korea from Nov. 2004 to Jul. 2005. And analyzed the amount of catch, by-catch rate, and CPUE, etc. of experimental traps which were the spring frame net traps, sorted four types of flappers. And the compared gear was a plastic conger eel pot. The conclusions were as follows. By-catch rates of spring frame net trap with the compressed flapper bound by nylon mono-filament was about 0-3%. CPUE of spring frame net trap with the compressed flapper was about 50-60% lower than that of traditional and plastic pot. And in case of conger eel that the total length is over 350mm, CPUE was little different on each type of flapper of every mesh size.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제33권6_1호
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• pp.971-980
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 경기도 대부도에 위치하고 있는 방아머리 해빈 인근 지역을 대상으로 과거의 디지털 항공영상을 이용하여 장기간의 해안선 변화 관측을 위한 방법을 제시하였다. 이를 위하여 약 9년 동안의 시간적 간격이 존재하는 항공영상을 취득하였고 항공삼각측량 수행을 위한 GPS-VRS 측량으로 정확한 지상기준점을 취득하였다. 또한 국립해양조사원에서 2013년도에 제공된 2차원 디지털 해안선 지도를 활용하였다. 이러한 다중 자료원을 이용하여 장기간의 방아머리 해빈의 해안선 변화율 산정을 통하여 연안침식에 관한 정량적 분석을 수행하였으며 그 결과 표고 2 m의 경우 최대 수평위치가 약 0.31 m 후퇴한 것으로 나타났으며 해안침식이 발생하였음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2014

This study investigates spatial and temporal variations in the generation and propagation of internal tides around the Korea Strait using a three-dimensional high resolution model (Regional Ocean Modeling System; ROMS). The model results were verified through comparison with in-situ current measurements from an array of 12 acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) deployed in the Korea Strait. Fluxes and distributions of internal tidal energy were calculated using simulation results gathered in February and August. Our analyses reveal that energetic semidiurnal internal tides are generated in a region around the Korea Strait shelf break ($35.5^{\circ}N$, $130^{\circ}{\sim}130.5^{\circ}E$), where the strong cross-slope semidiurnal barotropic tidal currents interact with a sudden topographical change. The semidiurnal internal tidal energy generated in summer displays values about twice as large as values in winter. Propagation of semidiurnal internal tides also reveals seasonal variability. In February, most of the semidiurnal internal tides propagate only into the open basin of the East Sea due to weak stratification in the Korea Strait, which inhibits their southwestward propagation. In August, they propagate southwestward to $35.2^{\circ}N$ along the western channel of the Korea Strait because of strong stratification. In addition, semidiurnal internal tides generated in a region west of Tsushima Island are found to propagate to the coast of Busan. This can be explained by the intensified stratification due to the strong intrusion of bottom cold water in the western channel of the Korea Strait during summer.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.43-58
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• 2003

This study is to analyze spatial structure of Eupchi(邑治) on Chungchong province with Chungchong-do regional maps(忠淸道地方地圖) and Eupjis(邑誌, topography) being compiled in the late Chosun dynasty. According to the analysis of it in this study, we make conclusions as follows; 1. Gunhyeon(郡縣) which had been Eupseong(邑城) on Chungchong-do in Chosun dynasty was 13 provinces, and the construction of Eupseong was the coast Eupseong built for the purpose of defense and military Eupseong built at Byeongyeong(兵營) and Geojin(巨鎭). And a measure used In the construction of a castle was Pobaekcheok(布帛尺) used to survey a frontier defence in Chosun dynasty, also Jucheok(周尺) or Yeongjocheok(營造尺) could be assumed to be wide use at that time. 2. Eupchi of Chungchong-do Gunhyeon was almost disposed to the south direction, also had been Jinsan(鎭山) safeguarding it. With relation to Jwahyang(坐向) and Jinsan, its Jinsan and Myeongdang-cheon(明堂川) match each other in location of Eupchi, as it get Jinsan sat, and take main river in front of it. And provincial government office to be the center of a Eupchi is organized into Gaeksa(客舍), Dongheon(東軒), Naea(內衙), Hyangcheong(鄕廳), and practical business facilities, Jakcheong(作廳) or Jangcheong etc., the others is composed for the use of support of those. 3. In most Eupchi in Chungchong province, the layout Sajikdan(社稷壇) and Yeodan(礪壇) was gone with a principle as they were disposed in the west and the north with Eupchi. Seonghwangdan(城隍壇) and Munmyo(文廟) was built in defiance of a principle, as a condition of province. Jangsi(場市) of Eupchi was opened in front of government office or Gaeksa, and the Gunhyeon which had Eupseong was established in the inside and outside of Eupseong.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.371-378
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• 2003

한반도 서, 남해안 해성점토에 대하여 초기간극비와 자연함수비 및 액성한계의 물리적 특성과 압축지수와의 상관성을 규명하기 위해 비교적 신뢰성이 크다고 볼 수 있는 대형 항만 공사용 최근자료를 분석하였다. 시료교란의 정도를 분석하기 위하여 각 표본별 실내압밀시험을 실시하고 Schmertmann이 제안한 방법으로 보정하여 수정압축지수를 산정하였다. 또한 이들 자료를 토대로 실내압밀시험으로부터 얻어진 압축지수를 경험적 방법에 의하여 보정한 후 현장 처녀압축곡선과의 관계를 분석하고, 단순회귀분석, 다중회귀분석 및 비선형 회귀분석을 실시하여 최적의 회귀모델을 구한 후 해성점토에 적용할 수 있는 토질특성과 시료교란의 영향을 고려한 압축지수와의 상관 관계식을 제안하였다. 분석 결과, 시료교란의 영향을 경험적 방법으로 평가해 본 결과 현장 압축지수는 실험실 압축지수의 1.16배정도 크게 평가되었다. 해성점토의 물리적 특성과 압축지수의 상관성에 대한 최적의 회귀모형은 토질정수의 누승식 또는 지수승식 형태의 비선형회귀식이 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 설계 및 실무에 보다 쉽게 적용할 수 있도록 하기 위하여 선형관계식을 사용하는 경우에는 압축지수의 상관식을 물성치의 구간에 따라 구분하여 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.1363-1371
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• 2013

In this study, we estimate the interannual spatial and temporal distributions of fishing grounds at night in the East Sea based on satellite and in-situ data. We observe that the $15^{\circ}C$ thermal front moves in the north-south direction according to the movement of the warm water (above $18^{\circ}C$) in the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC) area, forcing the cold water area (below $10^{\circ}C$) to either expand or shrink. The interannual variations of sea surface temperature (SST) in winter represented by the indicator SST of $6^{\circ}C$ are consistent with the east-west zonal areas in the central East Sea which represented over $1^{\circ}C$ standard deviation of SST in February during 1990-2000. Annual SST in the fishing grounds of common squid fishing vessels, observed both by fishing vessels and satellites range from 9-$22^{\circ}C$, with the satellite-observed data having a larger range than the fishing vessel-based ones. The interannual distributions of the common squid fishing grounds in the East Sea are mostly concentrated in the TWC area in the southwestern part of the East Sea and in the coast of southern Honshu and Hokkaido in Japan. The interannual distributions of the nighttime fishing vessels are consistent with the catches investigated from the fishing vessel.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.315-323
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• 2008

To measure the mineral content of fishes, we collected 177 individuals from 53 fish species from the east (Pohang), west (Gunsan), and south (Tongyeong) coasts of Korea. The mean content of the macro mineral in a 100 g sample taken from the edible portion of each fish was (in descending order): P(207.4 mg), K(169.7 mg), Na(101.6 mg), Ca(44.4 mg), and Mg(30.4 mg). In comparison, the mean content of micro mineral in the fishes was (in descending order): Zn ($8.98{\mu}g/g$), Fe ($5.03{\mu}g/g$), Cu ($0.76{\mu}g/g$), Mn ($0.43{\mu}g/g$), and Ni ($0.08{\mu}g/g$). We could not observe clear regional variation in the mineral content of fish species. With regard to minerals considered essential for humans, the amount of Ca per sample (100 g) was the highest in the Scyliorhinus torazame (465.4 mg), and than followed by Ammodytes personatus (338.0 mg), Dasyatis akajei (267.4 mg), Raja kenojei (248.1 mg), Conger myriaster (174.1 mg), Clupanodon punctatus (86.8 mg), Muraenesox cinereus (81.2 mg), and Engraulis japonica (70.4 mg). The daily average intake of the mineral through the fishes consisted of P (100.6 mg), K (82.3 mg), Na (49.3 mg), Mg (14.8 mg), Zn (0.44 mg), Fe (0.24 mg), Cu (0.04 mg) and Mn (0.02 mg). The respective intakes of macro mineral (P, Mg, Na, Ca, K) from the fishes were about 14.4, 4.2, 3.3, 3.1 and 1.8% of the dietary reference intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) set by the Korean Nutrition Society. In comparison, the respective intakes of micro mineral (Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn) from the fishes were about 4.6, 4.4, 2.4, and 0.6% of the KDRIs.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.82-99
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• 2016

This study was carried out to understand the regional contribution of Particulate Matter (PM) emissions from East Asia ($82^{\circ}{\sim}149^{\circ}E$, $18^{\circ}{\sim}53^{\circ}N$) to Seoul during high concentration period in February 2014. The Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) version 5.0.2 with Decoupled Direct Method (DDM) was used to analyze levels of contributions over Seoul. In order to validate model performance of the CMAQ, predicted PM and its chemical species concentrations were compared to observations in China and Seoul. Model predictions could depict the daily and hourly variations of observed PM. The calculated PM concentrations, however, had a tendency of underestimation. The discrepancies are due to uncertainties of meteorological data, emission inventories and CMAQ model itself. The high PM concentration in Seoul was induced by stationary anticyclone over the West Coast of Korea during 24 to 27 February. The DDM in CMAQ was used to analyze the contributions of emissions from East Asia on Seoul during this PM episode. $PM_{10}$ concentration in Seoul is contributed by 39.77%~53.19% from China industrial and urban region, 15.37%~37.10% from South Korea, and 9.03%~18.05% North Korea. These indicate that $PM_{10}$ concentrations in Seoul during the episode period are dominated by long-range transport from China region as well as domestic sources. It was also found that the largest contribution region in China were Shandong peninsula during the PM event period.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2007

We present age and growth data for Ilisha elongata, based on 363 specimens caught in 1999 and 2000 around Jeju Island and the southwest coast of Korea. Scale and ring radii of each ring group showed a direct one-to-one relationship, with ring radius increasing as scale radius increased. The relationship between fork length and scale radius was FL=39.553SR+60.935 for females, FL=39.474SR+54.026 for males, and FL=39.608SR+57.547 for both sexes. Monthly changes in the marginal index indicated that a new ring appears once each year (in July). Maximum age, mean age and mean fork length of fish were 10 years, 5.0 years, and 349mm, respectively. Von Bertalanffy's growth equations were $FL_t=495.4{\times}[1-\exp(-0.2586(t+0.6487))]$ for fork length (mm) and $W_t=1,112.5{\times}[1-\exp(-0.2586(t+0.6487))]^{2.874}$ for body weight (g) for both sexes. Monthly changes in the gonadosomatic index (GSI) indicated that the spawning period was in June and July, which corresponded closely with ring formation time. Differences in monthly GSI changes in 1999 and 2000 may be related to water temperature variation. Fecundity ranged from 5,664 to 176,290 eggs per individual (n=43, fork length 264-470mm). The relationship between fecundity(F) and fork length was $F=7.7{\times}10^{-7}{\times}FL^{4.9269}$.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회 2차
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• pp.61-67
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• 2010

Thick soft clay deposits which are generally located at the west and south coast of the Korean peninsula have complicated characteristics according to their orientation and formation history. Thus, several geotechnical problems could possibly occur when those soft clay deposits are used as foundations for marine structures. Deep cement mixing (DCM) method is one of the most widely used soft soil improvement method for various marine structures, nowadays. DCM method injects binders such as cement into the soft ground directly and mixes with the in-situ soil to improve the strength and other geotechnical properties sufficiently. However, the natural impacts induced by dynamic motions such as ocean waves, wind, typhoon, and tusnami give significant influences on the stability of marine structures and their underlaying foundations. Thus, the dynamic properties become important design criteria to insure the seismic stability of marine structures. In this study, the dynamic behavior of cemented Busan clay is evaluated. Laboratory unconfined compression test and resonant column test are performed on natural in-situ soil and cement mixed specimens to confirm the strength and strain-dependent dynamic behavior variation induced by cement mixing treatment. Results show that the unconfined compressive strength and shear modulus increase with curing time and cement content increment. Finally, the optimized cement mixing ratio for sufficient dynamic stability is obtained through this study. The results of this study are expected to be widely used to improve the reliability of seismic design for marine structures.