• 농업과학연구
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2014

This study was carried out to evaluate the Salmonella cross contamination at retail chicken meat outlets in Kandy, Sri Lanka and to identify the risk factors for Salmonella contamination at retail chicken meat outlets. Fifteen retail chicken meat outlets in Kandy area were randomly selected. Pre-tested questionnaires were used to collect data for identifying risk factors of Salmonella cross contamination at retail outlets and swab samples from meat contact surfaces/utensils were obtained. Out of 57 swab samples collected from meat contact surfaces/utensils, the overall prevalence of Salmonella cross contamination was 21%. Weighing scale (33%), meat containing trays/buckets (27%) and cutting board (25%) showed the highest percentage of Salmonella prevalence whereas knife and showcase showed relatively low percentages, 14% and 9%, respectively. Retail chicken outlets with slaughtering facilities had a significantly higher prevalence of Salmonella cross contamination than those without slaughtering facilities. This higher rate of Salmonella cross contamination at retail chicken meat outlets could be attributed to lack of proper cold chains and minimal facilities, and poor level of hygiene in those outlets.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.4027-4035
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• 1996

Accuracy of gas flow measurements using sonic nozzle and factors which influence on the discharge coefficients of sonic nozzle are investigated with high pressure gas flow standard measurement system. The gas flow measurement system comprises two compressors, storage tank, temperature control loop, sonic nozzle test section, weighing tank, gyroscopic scale and data acquisition system. The experiments are performed at various nozzle throat diameter and inlet pressure. Overall uncertainty of discharge coefficients is estimated to less than .+-.0.2% and most of experimental data fall into this range. Dependence of discharge coefficients on the Reynolds number is good agreement with those suggested in ISO document. The influence of swirl on the discharge coefficients becomes greater as the nozzle throat diameter is enlarged. The discharge coefficient of conical nozzle shows about 4.5% lower discharge coefficients than those of toroidal nozzle, but variation trend with Reynolds number is very similar each other and reproducibility of data is very good.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.204-216
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of massage therapy on weight gain, length and head circumference in instituted infants. This study utilized nonequivalent control group with repeated measuring by quasi experimental design. Fifty eight instituted infants in Daejeon city were selected for the study. Fifty eight infants were randomly assigned two groups, one served as the control group and the other was experimental group to whom massage therapy was given. For the experimental group, massage protocol(developed by Field, 1986) was applied 2 times a day, mid-morning and early evening, for 4 weeks for each infants by researcher and trained research assistants. As a weight weighing instrument, electronic indicator scale (Cas Co., Korea) was used. The result of this study were summarized as follows; 1.A repeated measures ANOVA identified a significant group by time effect over the four weeks of intervention(F=14.69, p < .0001). Infants assigned to experimental group gained more weight than control group infants. 2. T-test identified that significant differences in length(t=2.60, P=.013) and head circumference(t=4.27, P=.000). Infants assigned to experimental group had more length and head circumference than control group infants. In conclusion, Massage therapy improved weight gain, length and head circumference of instituted infants. Therefore, it is recommended to utilize massage therapy as a nursing intervention for instituted infants.

• 우주기술과 응용
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.12-26
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• 2024

Attitude control of a satellite is very important to ensure proper for mission performance. Satellites launched in the past had simple missions. However, recently, with the advancement of technology, the tasks to be performed have become more complex. One example relies on a new technology that allows satellites quickly alter their attitude while orbiting in space. Currently, one of the most widely used technologies for satellite attitude control is the reaction wheel. However, the amount of torque generated by reaction wheels is too low to facilitate quick maneuvers by the satellite. One way to overcome this is to implement posture control logic using a control moment gyroscope (CMG). Various types of CMGs have been applied to space systems, and CMGs are currently mounted on large-scale satellites. However, although technological advancements have continued, the market for CMGs applicable to, small satellites remains in its early stages. An ultra-small CMG was developed for use with small satellites weighing less than 200 kg. The ultra-small CMG measured its target performance outcomes using a precision torque-measuring device. The target performance of the CMG, at 800 mNm, was set through an analysis. The final torque of the CMG produced through the design after the analysis was 821mNm, meaning that a target tolerance level of 10% was achieved.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.15-23
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• 1978

본 연구는 견직물의 촉감을 손상시키지 않는 범위에서 바람직한 방추성을 보유하는 보다 좋은 요소수지가 공법을 개발하기 위하여 수년간에 걸친 보고이다. 특히 본보고는 요소와 결합하는 폴마린양을 극소화한데 특징이 있고 일반요소수지보다도 더욱 우수성을 보이는 반금속성요소수지(Homo Metalic Urea Resin)을 개발하였다는 사실도 첨가하며 본연구에서 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 본보고에 수록된 요소수지조성은 폴마린함량을 극소화하였고 조성된 수지에서 거의 폴마린냄새를 인정할 수 없을 정도였으며 이전에 보고된 어느 것보다 가장 소량의 폴마린으로 요소수지를 만들었다. 2. 필자가 최초로 만든 화합물 즉 uric zincchloride와 폴마린을 원료로 하여 새로운 반금속성요소수지(Homo Metalic Urea Resin)를 개발하였다. 이 방법은 합성수지처리와 중앙처리를 동시에 할 수 있는 특징이 있다. 3. 위의 두가지 수지처리에서 방추도, 강연도 및 발키네스 등이 증가되었는데 신규개발한 수지가 더욱 좋은 결과를 보였다. 4. 견방사나 저연사견직물이 생사나 고연사손직물의 경우보다 좋은 방추개선을 보였다. 5. 두가지 수지처리법이 모두 실용상의 경제성이 좋았다. 6. 강력과 신도가 수지처리후 다소 저하되었는데 이것은 수지처리로 가교작용과 증량작용이 일어났기 때문이었다. 7. 특수한 요소수지처리방법으로 양모와 유사한 견사제조법도 개발했다. 이 방법은 요소용액에 침지한 생사를 폴마린가스로 충만된 밀실에 방치해 둠으로서 생사표면에 스케일을 발생하게 한 것이다.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.129-144
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• 2002

This longitudinal quasi-experimental research was conducted to develop parent role education program and to evaluate the effect of this program for mother-infant interaction, childrearing environment and infant development. The subjects were the healthy infants weighing over 2,500gm at birth, whose gestational age was more than 37weeks, and their healthy mothers. The sample consisted of eighteen mother-infant dyads for intervention group and sixteen dyads for control group. Data were collected from March 15th in 1999 to Jun 20th in 2000. The intervention group received programmed education consisted of discharge education, telephone counselling, and home visiting care. But control group were collected data without programmed education. In this study, the Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale(NCATS) devised by Barnard was used to determine the mother-infant interaction, HOME was used to determine the childrearing environment, and Griffiths mental development scale was used to determine the infant development. The data were analyzed using SPSS Win using chi-square test, t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA. This study was focused on the results of twelve months time point. Summaries of the results were as follows: 1. There was no significant difference in mother-infant interaction(NCATS) between intervention group and control group. But both of two groups showed significantly higher in interaction score at twelve months than at six months in the subscales of social-emotional growth fostering, and responsiveness to caregiver. 2. There was no significant difference in childrearing environment(HOME) between two groups at twelve months. But when each subscale of HOME was examined, intervention group showed higher scores in the dimensions of maternal involvement with child(p=.001), and maternal emotional-verbal responsivity(p=.048). 3. There was no significant difference in GQ of the Griffiths mental development scale between two groups, although significant difference was found in performance subscale. 4. Infant development at twelve months showed significant correlation with mother-infant interaction and childrearing environment at six months, although mother-infant interaction and childrearing environment at twelve months did not show significant correlations with infant development at twelve months. 5. Developmental scores at six months showed significant correlations with variety in daily stimulation, and mother's emotional, verbal responsivity, whereas developmental scores at twelve months showed significant correlations with acceptance of child behavior at six months, and appropriate play material at twelve months. In conclusion, the maternal education program for primipara showed long term effect in some categories in organizing the childrearing environment, and fostering the infant development. We suggest further study and implications of parent role education program for high risk parents such as parents in low economic status or with premature babies.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.445-455
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• 1999

This study has been conducted on the nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design in quasi experimental basis and newly born premature infants from intensive care unit of G Medical University Hospital in Inchon Metropolitan were selected in two groups of 21 infants each. The first group for experimental and the other for control. Data has been collected form October 30, 1997 to August 29, 1998. For the experimental group tactile and kinesthetic stimulation was applied 2 times a day for 10 days(10 : 00~11 : 00 hours in the morning and 17 : 00~18 : 00 in the afternoon). As a weight weighing instrument. electronic indicator scale(Cas Co. korea) was used. To determine urine cortisol concentration level in stress hormone, radio immune assay method was used. And high performance liquid chlomatography was used to determine urine norepinephrine, concentration level To determine behavior status, tools developed by Anderson et at(1990) and remodeled by Kim Hee-Sook(1996) were used. Collected data were analyzed with the SAS program using x$^2$-test, student t-test, repeated measures ANOVA and paired t -test. The result were as follow. 1. As for the daily weight gain. the experimental group showed first change in weight and this group also showed higher weight in the average weight than the control group. Statistically, however, there was no significant factor between the two group. 2. The cortisol concentration in urine showed decrease in the experimental group norepinephrine concentration in urine showed increase in both experimental and control groups. No statistical significance was shown between the two groups. 3. In the aspect of behavior status. the experimental group showed statistical significance by showing inactive in the state of alert and conversion to a positive state than the control group. In conclusion, the sensory stimulation in this study showed a positive aspect through there was no statistical significance in the weight gain and urine stress hormone concentration. In the behavior status, there was statistical significance in the frequency of staying inactive in the state of alert and conversion to a positive state.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.444-460
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• 2020

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of freezing and storage temperature (-18℃, -50℃, and -60℃) on the physicochemical properties of pork neck and chicken leg meat in home-scale deep freezers. Pork neck was cut into a thickness of 3 cm (9×9×3 cm, 150 g), individually packed in air-containing packages, and stored at different temperature (-18℃, -50℃, and -60℃) for 6 months. Chicken leg meats were prepared (10 cm long, weighing 70 g) and packed in the same manner. Frozen samples were thawed at 2℃. Physicochemical properties such as thawing loss, cooking loss, water-holding capacity, color, volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were evaluated. The samples frozen by deep freezing (-60℃) was favorable with respect to thawing loss, color, and VBN. Samples frozen at -60℃ had lower values of thawing loss and VBN than those frozen at -18℃ for all storage periods (p<0.05). Color parameters were more similar to those of fresh meat than to those of samples frozen at -18℃ for 6 months. The TBARS of all samples were below 0.3 mg malondialdehyde/kg, thereby indicating oxidative stability of lipids. Consequently, deep freezing at -60℃ may be acceptable for maintaining the quality of fresh pork neck and chicken leg meat for 6 months without deterioration.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.448-455
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 서리의 피해 저감을 위하여 과수 무봉지 재배를 목적으로 사용하고 있는 그물망을 이용하고자, 서리의 양을 관측하는 장치를 대조구와 시험구에 설치하여 그 비교를 통해 서리 저감 효과를 구명하였다. 시험 결과 실제 서리가 관측된 날을 기준으로 시험구에서 37%에서 59%까지 저감 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 서리의 양을 자동으로 관측하는 장치를 개발하고 풍동실험을 통해 서리 측정 장치의 방풍함 높이를 30 cm로 결정하였다. 이러한 연구 결과는 그물망 설치함으로써 과수 개화기에 서리 피해를 저감할 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 그물망의 농업적 이용에 대한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제37권4C호
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• pp.307-312
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 ISO/IEEE 11073 개인건강기기(Personal Health Device: PHD) 표준을 임베디드시스템 상에 구현할 경우, 요구되는 시스템 재원을 파악하고자, ISO/IEEE 11073 개인건강기기 표준의 구현에 대한 복잡도 분석(Complexity Analysis)을 수행하였다. 다양한 개인용 건강기기 중 체중계, 혈압계, 그리고 혈당계의 구현된 프로그램을 기반으로 모의코드를 작성하였다. 그리고 난 후 프로그램 메모리 공간 및 데이터 메모리 공간 두 개의 다른 관점에서 복잡도 분석모델을 하였다. 개인건강기기는 그 특성상 재원 또는 성능의 제약이 있어 본 연구의 결과는 상기 표준의 구현에 요구되는 추가적인 시스템 재원을 추정하는데 유용하게 활용될 수 있다.