• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2007

Covariance components and genetic parameters of weekly live body weight from hatching to six weeks of age and age of sexual maturation were estimated in a laying type Japanese quail line. The univariate and bivariate animal model analysis included hatching group and sex as fixed effects. Each trait was analysed with animal as random effect to fit the additive direct effect. Additional random effects incorporated in the models were changed according to the trait examined. The best model for a trait was chosen based on a likelihood ratio test, comparing the models with and without maternal additive genetic and maternal permanent environmental effects. Heritability estimates of live-weight at hatch and one to six weeks of age with their standard errors were 0.22${\pm}$0.088, 0.39${\pm}$0.099, 0.31${\pm}$0.086, 0.38${\pm}$0.056, 0.46${\pm}$0.055, 0.50${\pm}$0.059, and 0.56${\pm}$0.062, respectively. Direct heritability value of age of sexual maturation was moderate (0.24${\pm}$0.055). The variances due to permanent environmental effect of dam after one week of age and maternal genetic effect after two weeks of age were not important sources of variation. The correlations between direct and maternal genetic effects were negative and ranged from high to moderate values (-0.21 to -0.83). Among the weekly live weights, genetic correlations were generally high between not only successive but also early and late weightings. It suggests that selection for final weight may be based on early weight records. Genetic correlations between age of sexual maturation and live weights were low, favourable but had high standard errors. These results indicate that selection for high weight will potentially result in lower age of sexual maturation only with accurate determination of breeding values.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.195-206
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 주 단위 지하수자원 관리 취약시기 평가 방법을 개발하였다. 강수의 지하수위에 대한 영향을 고려하기 위하여 한계 침투량을 고려한 강우이동평균 방법을 통해 지하수위와의 상관계수를 산정하였다. 취약 시기 평가 기준을 개발하고 평가 기준에 대한 가중치를 엔트로피 방법을 이용하여 산정하였다. 강수와의 상관계수와 산정된 가중치를 이용한 주 단위 지하수자원 관리 취약시기 평가 방법을 개발하였으며, 개발한 방법을 통하여 소규모 행정구역을 대상으로 취약시기를 평가하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 방법은 지역적일뿐만 아니라 계절적인 지하수자원의 효율적 관리 대책 수립의 근거가 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제51권12호
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• pp.1237-1245
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 주 단위 지하수자원 관리 취약시기 평가 방법을 개발하였다. 강수의 지하수위에 대한 영향을 고려하기 위하여 한계 침투량을 고려한 강우이동평균 방법을 통해 지하수위와의 상관계수를 산정하였다. 취약 시기 평가 기준을 개발하고 평가 기준에 대한 가중치를 엔트로피 방법을 이용하여 산정하였다. 강수와의 상관계수와 산정된 가중치를 이용한 주 단위 지하수자원 관리 취약시기 평가 방법을 개발하였으며, 개발한 방법을 통하여 소규모 행정구역을 대상으로 취약시기를 평가하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 방법은 지역적일뿐만 아니라 계절적인 지하수자원의 효율적 관리 대책 수립의 근거가 될 수 있을 것이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.63-67
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• 1996

An experiment was conducted to compare the effects of early feed restriction on the performance and abdominal fat deposition in broilers. The treatments consisted of providing feed ad libitum (Full-fed) and three feed restriction treatments of restricting feeding between 8-21 days of age (DOA) either for a duration of 7 days or 14 days. The three feed restriction treatments were Restrict 8-14 DOA, Restrict 8-21 DOA and Restrict 15-21 DOA. Live weights and feed consumption were obtained at weekly intervals. Samples of both male and female broilers were taken at 43 DOA to determine the weight of abdominal fat, liver and gizzards. Feed efficiency was generally improved by feed restriction, but a compensatory gain was not observed in the restricted groups. Broilers on restricted feeding also had lower mortality as compared to the full-fed broilers. There is no effect of early feed restriction on the weight of the abdominal fat and the dressing percentages but the weights of the liver and gizzard were affected by restriction. Also there was an effect of sex on the weights of the abdominal fat, the liver and gizzard of the males and females.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.80-89
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• 2021

In Korea, marine fish landed at ports are randomly sampled on a periodic basis (e.g., daily or weekly), and body sizes (e.g., lengths and weights) of those sampled fish are measured. The motivation for our study is whether or not such measurements reflect the size distribution, especially the length distribution of fish landed (= a population), because such length measurements are key data for a length-based assessment model. The current sampling method is to sample fish landed at ports by body size group (e.g., very small, small, medium, large, very large), using the sampling weights as the number of boxes by body size group. In this study, we showed that length composition data about fish sampled by the current method did not represent the length frequency distribution of the fish landed, and suggested that an alternative sampling method should be applied of using the sampling weights as the number of fish landed by body size group. We also introduced a method for determining an appropriate sample size.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.73-79
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• 1981

This study was conducted to find out the effects of estrogen and progesterone on body weight, uterine weight and serum prolactin levels on the growing female rats which were ovariectomized. For this purpose, 125 heads of rats (Wistar-Imamichi strain), 28 days old, were devided into 5 groups; OVariectomy(Ovx.), ovariectomy treated with estrogen(Ovx.+Est.), ovariectomy treated with progesterone(Ovx.+Prog.), ovariectomy treated with estrogen and progesterone(Ovx.+Est.+Prog.) and control group. Twenty-five heads of rats were arranged to each group, and changes of body weights were weekly checked. On the other hand, every 5 heads of rats in each group were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 weeks after treatments with time elapse for measuring concentrations of serum prolactin and for investigating the weights of ulterus. Prolactin concentrations in the serum were analyzed by radioimmunoassay. The results obtained are as follows; 1. The body weights were increased slightly in Ovx. in comparison with Ovx.+Prog., Ovx.+Est.+Prog., Ovx.+Est. and control groups, but there were not significant among the compared groups at all observation times. 2. The uterine weights in all treatment groups were decreased significantly (P<0.01) compared with control groups at all observation times. But the weights in Ovx. and Ovx.+Prog. groups were lower than those in Ovx.+Est. and Ovx.+Est.+Prog.. 3. Serum prolactin concentrations were increased slightly in control group in comparison with other groups at 1 and 2 weeks increased slightly in control group in comparison with other groups at 1 and 2 weeks after treatment. But compared with control group, the concentrations Ovx.+Est. and Ovx.+Est.+Prog. were high level, and those in other groups were low level in the order of Ovx. and Ovx.+Prog. groups at 3, 4 and 5 weeks after treatment. There were not significant among the compared groups at all observation times. 4. The results obtained in this study suggest that when ovariectomized rats receive 1$\mu$g estrogen and 3mg progesterone daily, that had no effect on body weight and serum prolactin concentrations while significantly effect on the weight of uterus.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.877-883
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• 2006

A feeding trial was conducted on commercial broilers for a period of 35 days to determine the individual and combined effects of aflatoxin (AF) and T-2 toxin (T-2) on performance, organ weights and immune status. The efficacy of dietary glucomannan-containing yeast product (GYP) ($Mycosorb^{(R)}$) and hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) in preventing the adverse effects of aflatoxin and T-2 toxin was also evaluated. Twelve dietary treatments ($4{\times}3$ factorial) comprising two dietary levels each of AF (0 and 2 mg/kg), T-2 toxin (0 and 1 mg/kg), GYP (0 and 1 kg/ton) and HSCAS (0 and 10 kg/ton) were tested on 720 commercial broiler chickens divided at random into 36 replicates of 20 chicks each (10 males and 10 females). Weight gain and feed intake were recorded weekly. Organ morphology and antibody titers for Newcastle disease (ND) and infectious bursal disease (IBD) were measured on the $35^{th}$ day. AF and T-2 toxin individually decreased weight gain and increased feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p<0.05). AF alone (p<0.05) increased weights of liver, kidney, gizzard and spleen and reduced thymus and bursal weights. T-2 toxin (p<0.05) increased liver and gizzard weights and decreased thymus weight. Both AF and T-2 toxin when fed individually affected ND and IBD titers in a significant manner. Significant interactions between AF and T-2 toxin were observed for their additive effects on weight gain, FCR, organ weights and antibody titers. Addition of GYP (p<0.05) improved weight gain, feed conversion efficiency and restored the organ weights. Antibody titers against ND and IBD were significantly improved with the supplementation of GYP. Supplementation of HSCAS (p<0.05) resulted in improvement in weight gain and restored organ weights in the groups fed AF alone, but not in T-2 toxin fed groups. HSCAS inclusion did not influence FCR in toxin fed groups. Addition of HSCAS (p<0.05) improved the antibody titers against ND and IBD only in AF fed groups. Thus, the results indicate that addition of GYP is effective in averting the individual and combined toxicity of aflatoxin and T-2 toxin in commercial broilers, while HSCAS is effective only against aflatoxin.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2013

본 시험은 토종오리 대형종의 산란초기 성적을 조사하기 위해 수행하였다. 공시동물은 A와 B계통의 20주령 토종오리 168수를 선별하여 이용하였다. 시험설계는 A와 B계통으로 나누어 비교하였으며, 계통 당 6반복, 반복 당 14수씩 완전임의 배치하였다. 시산일령은 평균 154.6일, A와 B계통이 각각 154.5일과 154.7일, 시산난중은 평균 67.3 g, 각각 69.1 g과 65.5 g, 시산 시 체중은 평균 3,146 g, 각각 3,187 g과 3,105 g으로 나타났다. 초산일령은 평균 173.7일, A와 B계통이 각각 175.8일과 171.5일, 초산난중은 평균 75.1 g, 각각 75.2 g과 74.9 g, 초산 시 체중은 평균 3,235 g, 각각 3,245 g과 3,225 g으로 나타났다. 시산일령, 시산 난중과 초산 난중, 시산 시와 초산 시의 체중은 A와 B계통 사이에서 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 초산일령은 B계통이 A계통에 비해 빠르게 나타났다(P<0.05). 체중 및 사료섭취량은 계통 간 유의차가 없었으나, 주령별 체중은 28주령에 가장 높았으며(P<0.05), 주령별 사료섭취량은 26주령 이후로 증가하였다(P<0.05). 평균난중은 사료섭취량과 마찬가지로 A와 B계통간 차이는 없었으며, 26주령 이후 유의적으로 증가하였다(P<0.05). 산란율은 22~24주령에 B계통이 A계통에 비해 높게 나타났으나(P<0.05), 다른 주령에서는 A와 B계통 사이에서 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 산란수는 24주령 이후 30주령까지 B계통이 A계통에 비해 높았으며(P<0.05), 주령별 산란수는 주령에 따라 유의적으로 증가하였다(P<0.05). 사료요구율은 22~24주령에 A와 B계통이 각각 10.7과 6.53으로 A계통이 B계통에 비해 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 주령별 사료요구율은 20~22주령이 가장 높았으며, 22~24주령까지 유의적으로 감소하였으나, 24주령부터 30주령까지는 낮게 유지되었다. 이런 결과들은 토종오리 대형종의 산란초기 성적에 대한 기초적인 자료로서 이용될 것이라 사료된다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.344-353
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• 2013

The widespread pursuit for the thin physique may have detrimental impact on the wellbeing of the young generation, especially females. This study aimed to determine the effect of wanting very low body weight on dietary habits and psychological factors of female adolescents. Participants were 619 girls from 5 high schools in Kyeonggi, Korea. Information on dietary behaviors, psychological factors as well as current heights and weights and the desired weight for current height were obtained by questionnaire. Of total subjects, 38.1%, 35.5%, and 26.5% desired weights corresponding to normal (10~85 percentile), low (3~10 percentile) and very low BMI (< 3 percentile), respectively. The subjects who wanted to be very low weight had the average BMI of 18.57 kg/m2, which was significantly lower than $21.21kg/m^2$ of those who wanted to be normal weight (p < 0.001). The subjects who desired very low weight had significantly higher scores for depression symptoms (p < 0.05), while there were no differences in obsession to lose weight and obesity stress. Moreover, more subjects in this group had undesirable dietary habits such as eating fast foods more than weekly (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that the desire for extreme thinness may lead female adolescents to have not only unreasonably similar obesity stress and obsession to lose weight but also higher depression symptoms, along with undesirable dietary habits. The findings suggest the potential harm from excessive weight concerns of female adolescents; thus efforts to teach this group about healthy weights are urgently needed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.534-539
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• 1997

A uniform group of 12 upgrade grower goats of 6.0 -7.5 months old were used in this study. They were equally divided into three groups of $T_1$, $T_2$ and $T_3$ and were infected orally with three levels (0, 5,000 and 10,000 larvae) of infective Haemonchus contortus larvae. Before infection, all animals were housed in individual pens with concrete floor. They were provided with a uniform management. Comparison of body weight changes of infected and uninfected grower goats were done using weekly body weights. There was significant (p < 0.01) interaction between the effect of stomach worm infection and duration of infection on body weight. The infected groups (2 and 3) weighed significantly (p < 0.05) less than the control group from week 18 to 21. The animals of control group gained an average of 2.85 kg with 18.75 g average daily gain (ADG) in 152 days, which were significantly higher than those of animals in the infected groups. There was significant effect of H. contortus infection on the pres laughter weights of grower goats. The hot carcass weights of the infected goats were significantly lower than the uninfected group. No significant difference in dressing percentage of infected and uninfected groups was observed.