• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.171-192
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• 2018

With the spread of the maker movement and matching of the standards for the 21st century learners and the maker competencies, there is a social and temporal need for makerspaces building and maker education in school libraries, Prior to the establishment of the school library makerspaces, we intended to investigate the awareness of the school librarian on the creation and operation of the school library makerspaces. For this purpose, a questionnaire was constructed based on the theoretical review and the response data of 171 school librarians were collected through a web survey. Technical statistics, cross-analysis, and ANOVA were conducted using SPSS window 19.0 and content analysis was conducted on open-ended questions. The Questionnaires consisted of questions about whether the school library makerspace was installed or not and necessity, reason, and difficulty in creating and operating the makerspace. As a result of the study, it was found that the establishment of the school library makerspace was very low at 2.3%, and the recognition of the makerspace of the school librarian was below the normal level. On the other hand, the perception of necessity appeared to be more than normal, and the school library was generally considered to be a suitable place for the makerspace installation. However, negative opinions about the school library makerspaces were also raised in various aspects.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.17C no.4
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• pp.315-326
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• 2010

Today's society is being caught in a whirlpool of change that is not behind the Industrial Revolution, the Reformation and so on. Technological determinism is the most general perspective that explains information society. It is the belief that information technology will bring about a particular form of information society. It is the opinion that the sequence of change of technology is inevitable and asks for a particular social change(Kim, 2006). When technology asks for it, however, not only the degree of technological development but also the credibility of the degree of technological development plays an important role in changing a society. This study was implemented based on the opinion that social change and individual change can vary depending on the degree of trust of people in the Internet technology. This study analyzes preferences of real-name system depending on the credibility of anonymity on the Internet and its influences on the behaviors of users, focused on the survey on the difference between ordinary users and users related to the Internet business. It also suggests not only the potential and the appropriateness of anonymity on the Internet, but also measures to alleviate adverse effects of it. Lastly, the objective of this study is to offer a dispute of real-name system and the standard of the anonymity policy on web sites.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2008

Objectives : There may be methodological differences between pencil-and-paper and web-based questionnaires. But there are few reports about influences of that methodological differences. The Aim of this study is investigation of the differences in temperament characteristics in subjects who answered internet addiction questionnaires. Methods : We compare the characteristics between two groups. Four hundred thirty participants(189 males, 241 females) answered the online and offline questionnaires. We controlled sexes, addiction scores and psychiatric treatment histories using general linear model of MANCOVA. Results : There were statistically significant differences in temperament characteristics between two groups. Harm avoidance(HA) and novelty seeking(NS) scores were significantly higher in on-line group than off-line group. Reward dependence(RD) scores were significantly lower in on-line group than off-line group. Conclusion : This study suggested significant differences of temperament characteristics between on-line and off-line subjects. And there have been many studies on equivalence of on-line and off-line survey methods. Further studies on the difference are expected for the understanding of this results.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.1 s.63
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• pp.181-190
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• 2006

This study began with an assumption that virtual museum exhibitions will continue to be created in the future and more knowledge is required about designing effective virtual exhibit designs. This study explored the relationship between virtual exhibitions and visitor's opinions following the viewing of the virtual exhibit in order to determine the components of a well-constructed virtual exhibit design. To address the research problem, this study explored two aspects of virtual exhibit design: 1) what are the components of a well-constructed virtual exhibit, 2) how does viewing the virtual exhibit change visitors' opinions about both physical and virtual museum experiences. The methodology of the study employed surveys, interviews and observations as instruments of data collection. Twenty-five participants were given a survey prior to their viewing of the on-line exhibit, then they were given the opportunity to view the web-site and finally surveyed regarding their opinions. From the 25 participants, six were selected for observation to record behavior exhibited while they viewed the site. In addition, five were interviewed for a better understanding of their responses to various aspects of the virtual exhibit experiences. Data from the surveys was tabulated for descriptive percentages in order to identify numerical patterns of relationship. Observation data was analyzed for simple frequencies in categories of responses and interview data was tape recorded and transcribed into text files. Based on study results, recommendations were made for the future role of interior design in virtual space that stands independent from a physical building and resides only on the Internet.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.193-201
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of ICT on tenth grade students' understandings of and attitude toward reproduction. The subject of the study was 8 classes of 267 students. Four classes learned with help of lCT, but another four classes learned on the basis of a textbook. Understanding of reproduction and the attitude were assessed using a written test and a survey, respectively. The lCT was found to be effective to foster understanding of reproduction concepts and consciousness toward human reproduction. Discussions in the web enabled students get some feedbacks on their preconceptions from other students.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.4-15
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• 2005

Methylmercury (MeHg) is an environmental pollutant with neurotoxic effects on the central nervous system. The major exposure route of MeHg to humans is via consumption of fish and shellfish which accumulate the chemical through the food web in an aquatic environment. Hair mercury level is an excellent marker for MeHg exposure. We have been conducting a survey on hair mercury contents among general populations from 14 districts to estimate the current Japanese MeHg exposure level. Total mercury levels of all hair samples collected (12923 in total) were analyzed by the oxygen combustion-gold amalgamation method using an atomic absorption mercury detector. Multiple regression analysis revealed that mercury levels were significantly correlated with several covariates, such as sex, age, the amount of daily intake of total fish/shellfish, a preference for certain fish such as tuna or bonito, and artificial waving. The geometric means for the population without artificial waving were 2.47 and 1.65 ${\mu}g/g$ for males (n = 5623) and females (n = 3470), respectively. Hair mercury levels varied with age, and the variations were more significant in males. Since the difference between sexes was not evident at younger ages, some hormonal control might also be involved in the mercury uptake by human hair. The average mercury levels in our hair samples varied among the sampling districts. Tuna is a major carnivorous fish with high mercury accumulations that is often consumed in Japan. The amount of fish consumption and the preference rate far tuna would appear to be responsible far the regional variation in hair mercury levels in Japan. Recently, a provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) of MeHg was revised by 61st JECFA to 1.6 ${\mu}g/kg/week$, which was about half that of the Japanese standard, and corresponded to a hair level of 2.2 ppm. The distribution of hair mercury levels in Japanese populations in the present study indicated that 25% of the Japanese females of child-bearing age were estimated to be exposed to MeHg over the PTWI level. This would reflect the high Japanese consumption of marine products. However, not only mercury contamination, but also the nutritional benefit may have to be considered when discussing the risk involved in the current level of fish and shellfish consumption in Japan.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.405-416
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• 2007

This study was to examine the needs among elementary school dietitians (n = 115) for developing a nutrition information internet site for children. A survey questionnaire included general characteristics, internet use regarding health and nutrition information, and needs for developing a nutrition information site. The mean age of the subjects was 36.2 years. The higher working experience group (> 10 years of working as dieticians) had higher mean age (p < 0.001), had a larger number of enrolled students at school (p < 0.01) and the number of those receiving school lunch (p < 0.01) than the counterparts (${\le}10$ years group). Sources of health and nutrition information were mainly PC/internet (60.4%) and seminar (14.4%). About 95% used health or nutrition information using the internet, however, the majority of users (71.6%) used internet information only when they needed it. Major reasons for using internet information was 'to get nutrition education materials' (63.8%) and 'to obtain general nutrition information' (21%). One third of the subjects were satisfied with nutrition information internet sites; major problems with internet sites were 'lack of content' (38.9%) and 'lack of practical information' (33%). These characteristics regarding internet use were not different between work experience groups. Major problems with nutrition education were 'lack of nutrition educational materials' (41.1 %) and 'lack of nutrition education skills' (32.1%). These were significantly different between the work experience groups (p < 0.01). Subjects preferred CD/internet to leaflet/booklet as nutrition educational materials. In developing nutrition sites for children, subjects wanted topics such as obesity assessment, dietary assessment, and obesity. Subjects responded that contents of nutrition information should be 'suitable to the children's knowledge levels' (31.1%), 'interesting enough by including quizzes, games and songs' (27.8%), 'inserting many illustrations/icons' (16.3%). In terms of designing internet sites for children, they wanted that internet sites should 'be easy enough to find the sites' (29.2%), 'use illustrations and characters' (24.8%), 'use communication channels such as Q&A' (18.7%). Needs for developing internet sites for children were not different by the work experience group. This study suggests that web sites for children should be carefully developed considering the contents and design, have less information with more illustrations, designed to induce the interest of children, as well as including sections such as eating habit assessment and games.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.71-82
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• 2020

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate clinical utilization by measuring compliance with the use of mobile health applications (AtopyPHR developed in a previous study) for patients with atopic dermatitis. Methods : Based on the AtopyPHR and the input period and frequency survey results for each symptom item, a scenario for measuring compliance was derived. The study period was 4 weeks. Participants installed AtopyPHR app and Telegram app on their smartphones, conducted user training on the app, and recorded symptoms using the app for 4 weeks. At the 2nd and 4th week visits, the AtopyPHR data recorded by the user can be viewed on the web page and used for medical decision. Compliance was analyzed by the date the symptoms were recorded. Results : There were 28 participants, all (100%) were compliant, and the compliance was 96.8. The patients were 1 to 18 years old, and the average age was 8.2±5.7 years, 10 males and 18 females. The actual date of participation in recording symptoms was 28.6±0.56 on average. Compared to Week 1, compliance decreased at Week 2, and Week 4 had the highest compliance. Daily check, daily emotion, stool/urine/sleep, and meal management showed high compliance, SCORAD and quality of life were higher than required to record. Conclusions : AtopyPHR was effective in compliance. The results of this study could be used to collect personal health data in daily life through the AtopyPHR, improving participant compliance. It is considered to be meaningful because it measured the compliance with the symptom record actually recorded using the mobile app rather than a questionnaire. This study may be useful not only for personal health care but also for medical decisions, as opinions are given by experts who treat atopic dermatitis.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.97-112
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• 2007

Most traditional newspaper publishers provide online editions to counter the competition of online news providers. However, the relationship between the online and print editions of the same newspaper has not been clearly defined. Some see the online newspaper as a substitute, while others consider it a complement. A 2002 NAA online newspaper consumer survey indicated that one-third of its respondents said they were now using the print newspaper less. Others have argued that the online edition will not wipe out print consumption, and may even complement it. While the print edition offers particular advantages such as portability, less eye strain, and the tactile experience of a printed page, the online edition also offers specific advantages such as access to breaking news, continually updated information, access to old archives, etc. All these factors would tend to lower the degree of interchangeability between the products. However, recent empirical studies show that the online edition is a substitute for rather than a complement of the print edition. Still, to some print readers, the online edition provides additional value. In this paper, by capturing the two different aspects of online editions the substitute aspect and the additional value added aspect as well as other available online alternatives, we develop an analytical model to derive the optimal production and distribution strategies of both online and print editions. Confronting the "free versus fee" issue, we show that it is optimal to provide an online version of the print newspaper for free to non-print subscribers. However, the amount of free news content that the publishers need to put on the Web depends on the available alternatives on the online market. The "fee" and "free" options both have merits and demerits as well. If the publisher charges for the online version of the print newspaper, she can generate revenue from the fee charged to online readers. However, doing so will limit the size of the online audience and further reduce online advertising revenue. At the same time, by providing a high-quality online version and charging for it, the price of the print newspaper must stay low in order to lure high valued readers. On the contrary, if the publisher provides an online version of the print newspaper for free, she can obtain a larger audience for the online version. At the same time, by providing a low-quality online newspaper, the publisher can increase the print newspaper price to get more revenue from high valued offline readers, although no revenue is incoming from online version readers. Through systematic measuring of all the pros and cons, our analysis shows that the optimal option is not "fee" but "free."

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.771-777
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• 2013

This study was investigated the relationship between the stress and suicidal ideation of adolescents from multi-cultural families. For the purpose, the study incorporated data of Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey 2011-2 and attempted to understand factors of their suicide ideation and reasons of stress, targeting 607 boy students and 543 girl students. For a statistical analysis, SPSS version 17.0 was used. During the analysis, the students one of which parents was not born in Korea were considered as those from multi-cultural families and statistical significance was set to be p<0.05, To look into relations between suicide ideation and reasons of stress with the former as a subordinate variable, the study figured out Odds Ratio(OR) through a simple logistics analysis and a complex sample was set for the analysis. Boy students had 2.70 times more suicide ideation due to stress from associates than girl students while girl students had 2.50 times more suicide ideation due to conflicts with parents than boy students. In conclusion, as there were various reasons of stress relating to individuals, families and school life which may affect suicide ideation of adolescents from multi-cultural families, our society should pay attention especially to improvement of relationships with parents and friends to prevent and control their suicide ideation.