• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.403-414
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• 2002

I. Purpose of Study Zea Mays L. has been known to be effective for improving periodontal health and Magnoliae cortex to have effective antibacterial and antimicrobial activity against periodontal pathogens. The purpose of this study was to examine the biologic effects of Zea Mays L. and Magnoliae cortex extract mixtures on healing of rat calvarial bone defects. II. Materials & Methods 8mm circular defects were prepared on rat calvaria during surgical procedures of 180 Sprague-Dawley rats. The ethanolic extracts of Magnoliae cortex and Zea Mays L. and these two natural extract 1:1 and 2:1 (Magnoliae: Zea Mays L.) ratio mixtures were oral administrated by oral zondes once a day at two different dose of 94.5mg/kg, 189mg/kg body weight. There are nine groups of rats in this study: control group (no sample loading), Magnoliae cortex extract loading groups (I,II)(94.5mg/kg,189mg/kg respectively), Zea Mays L. extract loading groups (I,II), M:Z(1:1) loading groups (I,II), M:Z(2:1) loading groups(I,II). Rats were sacrificed at 4 weeks and 6 weeks after surgery. New bone formations around calvarial defects were radiographically and histologically measured by computerassisted histomorphometry. Each data was statistically analyzed by One-way ANOVA test. III. Results There were statistical significances between negative control group and the other test groups on radiographical and histological quantitative assessments. Among test groups, mixture groups showed statistical significances, especially, M:Z (2:1) groups (I and II) were highly significant.(p<0.05) These results implicated that the mixture of Magnoliae and Zea Mays L. (2:1 mixing ratio) with 94.5mg/kg concentration might be highly effective on the wound healing of bony defected site and have potential possibilities as a useful drug to promote bone tissue regeneration.

• 초등상담연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.119-137
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to develop a group counseling program to improve the learning habits of the elementary school children who experience difficulties learning, because of their wrong learning habits. To achieve it, the sub-elements of learning habits are set by "learning motive & attitude" and "learning technique" A group counseling program composed of the essential factors suitable for each element are srhseqrently, devised to pursue the improvement of learning habits. The study propositions are set as follows: Can the group counseling program improve the learning habits of elementary school children? 1. Can the group counseling program improve the learning motive and attitude of elementary school children? 2. Can the group counseling program improve the learning technique of elementary school children? The subject of this study is the 4th graders of W elementary school located in Gwangju Metropolitan City. After selecting 12 pupils from low scorers after a learning habits test, Each 6 of those are randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group, respectively. In this way, they are pcrticipate in the group counseling program. The group counseling program is consisted of 10 sessions. The program is implemented for six weeks with a 50 min duration per session. As a measuring tool, a restructured test with only motive variables and technique variables, excluding remaining variables, from the Learning Habits Test by Choi Jong-Ryul (1992) is used for pre and post tests. The results of the study is acquired by integrating the statistics from the test tool. Observation of the counselor and testees' thoughts are as follows: The group counseling program affects the sub-elements of learning habits positively, namely learning motive & attitude and learning technique. The program applied in this study is effective in improving the learning habits of the pupils with lower learning habits. Accordingly, this program can be one of the methods to develop effective learning habits, set efficient strategies and exert abilities maximally for the learners, who did not adequately exert their abilities, due to wrong learning habits, while ineffectively learning without knowing effective learning habits. To improve and maintain the learning habits of the elementary school pupils, overall understanding should be backed in order to precisely analyze and identify the learning habits of the pupils. Besides, an association between schools and homes is also needed along with parents' concerns over their children's learning habits at home.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.213-218
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• 1985

대두치즈의 풍미와 조직을 개선하기 위해서 유청-두유치즈를 유청, 유청분말, 두유, 분리대두단백의 여러가지 혼합물의 공동침전에 의해 제조하고, 유산균과 레닛을 첨가한뒤 $15^{\circ}C$에서 10주 동안 숙정시킨다. 치즈의 물리 화학적 특성은 수소이온농도, 적정산도. 수용성질소, 10%TCA가용성질소, 아미노산조성, 풍미, 색, 경도등을 분석함으로 조사하였다. 유청-두유치즈의 pH는 최초 5.3에서 숙설 5${\sim}$6주에 4.2로 떨어져 이후는 일정하였으나 두유치즈의 pH는 시종 높은 값을 나타내었다. 유청-두유치즈의 적정산도는 점차 증가하여 8주후 0.4${\sim}$0.45에 달했으나, 두유치즈는 숙성이 끝난뒤에도 0.2에 불과했다. 수용성 및 10%TCA가용성 질소함량은 숙성중 점차 증가하였다. 치즈의 경도는 3 : 1 치즈와 두유치즈의 경우가 가장 컸으며 숙성 3주째 최고치를 나타내었다. 두유치즈에 비해 유청-두유치즈의 색은 밝았으며 대두치즈의 비린내는 숙성 전기간을 통해 강렬하였으나 유청-두유치즈의 경우 산취로 인해 비린내가 부분적으로 상쇄되었다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.230-237
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• 2013

본 연구는 2012년 5월부터 7월까지 경상북도에 소재한 치위생과 재학 중인 여대생 332명을 대상으로 우울수준과 죽음의식을 파악하여 정신건강을 향상시키고자 구조화된 자기기입식 설문지를 이용하여 조사 분석하였고 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 조사대상 치위생과 학생들의 우울수준 분포는 정상군 59.9%, 경도 우울군 36.8%, 중등도 우울군 3.0%, 중증 우울군 0.3%로 나타났다. 2. 치위생과 학생의 죽음의식의 전체평균과 표준편차는 $2.09{\pm}0.62$점이었다. 3. 우울수준은 가정경제상태가 하위군일수록, 가정환경만족도가 만족하지 못하는 군일수록, 전공만족도가 만족하지 못하는 군일수록, 학과성적이 하위군일수록, 죽음에 대한 생각이 자주 있는 군일수록, 자살충동경험이 있는 군일수록, 자살시도경험이 있는 군일수록 우울수준이 유의하게 높았다. 4. 죽음의식은 가정경제상태가 하위군일수록, 가정환경만족도가 만족하지 못하는 군일수록, 전공만족도가 만족하지 못하는 군일수록, 학과성적이 하위군일수록, 죽음에 대한 생각이 자주 있는 군일수록, 죽음교육경험이 없는 군일수록, 자살시도경험이 있는 군일수록 죽음의식점수가 유의하게 높았다. 5. 우울수준과 죽음의식과는 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합하여 볼 때 치위생과 학생의 우울, 죽음의식을 살펴봄으로써 우울과 죽음에 대한 올바른 사고가 형성되도록 차별화된 정신건강 치료와 연계되는 다양한 프로그램 구축과 실시를 통하여 긍정적인 삶이 제공되도록 후속 연구가 지속돼야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.256-263
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• 2014

Background: Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is known to have antianxiety properties. This study was conducted to investigate the anxiolytic effects of KRG extract (KRGE) during ethanol withdrawal (EW) and the involvement of the mesoamygdaloid dopamine (DA) system in it. Methods: Rats were treated with 3 g/kg/d of ethanol for 28 d, and subjected to 3 d of withdrawal. During EW, KRGE (20 mg/kg/d or 60 mg/kg/d, p.o.) was given to rats once/d for 3 d. Thirty min after the final dose of KRGE, anxiety-like behavior was evaluated in an elevated plus maze (EPM), and plasma corticosterone (CORT) levels were determined by a radioimmunoassay (RIA). In addition, concentrations of DA and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) were also measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: The EPM test and RIA revealed KRGE inhibited anxiety-like behavior and the over secretion of plasma CORT during EW. Furthermore, the behavioral effect was blocked by a selective DA D2 receptor (D2R) antagonist (eticlopride) but not by a selective DA D1 receptor (D1R) antagonist (SCH23390). HPLC analyses showed KRGE reversed EW-induced decreases of DA and DOPAC in a dose-dependent way. Additionally, Western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays showed that KRGE prevented the EW-induced reductions in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein expression in the CeA and TH mRNA expression in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Conclusion: These results suggest that KRGE has anxiolytic effects during EW by improving the mesoamygdaloid DA system.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제8D권6호
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• pp.645-656
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• 2001

최근, 소프트웨어의 재사용성, 생산성, 그리고 품질을 높이기 위한 방법으로서 컴포넌트 기반의 소프트웨어 개발(CBD：Component-Based Development) 방식이 빠르게 확산되고 있다. CBD를 효과적으로 수행하기 위해서는 응용 컴포넌트들이 서로 정확하게 결합하여 작동할 수 있는 아키텍쳐를 기반으로 하여 컴포넌트의 생성과 합성 작업이 이루어질 수 있어야 한다. 소프트웨어 아키텍쳐는 아키텍쳐 기술 언어(ADL：Architecture Description Language)를 사용하여 기술되어야 정확하고 엄밀한 아키텍쳐 모델링이 가능하다. 본 논문에서는 도메인 아키텍쳐 기반의 CBD에 효과적으로 사용될 수 있는 ADL 지원도구의 시스템 아키텍쳐를 제안하고, 제안한 시스템 아키텍쳐의 각 구성 요소들에 대하여 기술한다. 그리고 C2 스타일의 아키텍쳐 기술을 지원하는 UCI(University of California in Irvine)의 C2SADL을 변경하여 재정의한 ADL과 지원도구로서 개발 중인 ADL 지원도구의 설계 및 구현 방법을 기술한다. 본 연구팀이 개발 중인 ADL 지원도구는 본 논문에서 제안한 ADL 지원도구의 시스템 아키텍쳐의 일부 구성 요소들을 구현한다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.218-226
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• 2019

In old age, measures to cope with the natural phenomenon of aging and various diseases of the elderly due to the deterioration of physical function are also a challenge for this society. While interest in systematic health is increasing, it is true that awareness and interest in oral-related diseases is relatively lacking. This study aims to present basic data necessary to improve the quality of life for senior citizens aged 65 or older by improving the oral dryness caused by systemic health. By research method, improve oral dryness caused by whole-body health with the elderly over 65 and promote their oral health, inducing the increase of the salivary flow rate through oral health care education, oral exercise, and salivary gland massage. First, on the DMSQ according to the general characteristics of the elderly, the recognition of the whole body and oral health status, independent sample t-test and One-way ANOVA were conducted. Second, on changes in the salivary flow rate and saliva pH according to the general characteristics of the elderly, recognition of oral and whole-body health status, and whole-body health, paired samples t-test was conducted. Studies have shown that salivary gland flow increased significantly after oral exercise and salivary gland massage, the salivary flow rate significantly increased. In all variables of the recognition of the oral health status, the salivary flow rate increased after oral exercise and salivary gland massage, and in the whole-body health, regardless of hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and osteoporosis, the salivary flow rate increased after oral exercise and salivary gland massage, and the salivary flow rate increased after oral exercise and salivary gland massage if the subjects responded that they did not have thyroid abnormality, anemia, abnormalities of breathing, hypotension, gastrointestinal disturbance, or kidney diseases. As a comprehensive analysis of this study, many felt oral dryness when they had a problem with the whole-body health, and many felt oral dryness when they had a problem with oral health cognition. After applying oral exercise and salivary gland massage as intervention methods in the oral health care for the elderly, the salivary flow rate significantly increased, and it is judged that the methods were very effective for controlling oral dryness. Furthermore, it is judged that the factors affecting oral health, whole-body health, and oral dryness would be identified, which would be helpful for the promotion of whole-body health and oral health. It is judged that continuous research would be needed so that measures for the application of the oral care program and system for the elderly would be prepared in the future.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.554-563
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• 2016

선박엔진은 잔사유를 에너지원으로 활용하여 운항할 수 있으며, 이를 활용한 선박에서 환경 규제와 경제성을 모두 만족시키는 다양한 방안들이 모색되고 있다. 그 중에 한 방안으로 연료 첨가제를 활용하는 기술이 있을 수 있다. 분산제와 연소촉진제는 잔사유 활용 시 엔진의 연소특성 촉진에 기여할 것이라는 기대를 받고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 연소성 분석 장비(FIA/FCA)와 열 중량 분석 장비(TGA)를 활용하여 잔사유 연료첨가제가 혼합된 잔사유의 연소성을 분석하였다. 연소성 분석 장비(FIA/FCA)의 결과로는 연소에 의한 일의 총량을 분석하도록 분석법이 개발되었으며, 이 때문에 본 연구를 통하여 동일 장비를 활용하면서도 연소 효율을 간단하게 평가할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다. 연소성 분석 결과인 ROHR 곡선으로부터, 단순한 삼각함수를 활용하여 연소특성을 예측할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였으며, 이 기법을 활용하여 기존의 압력 곡선과 유사한 결론을 도출할 수 있었다. 열 중량 분석(TGA)의 경우 연료유의 증발 특성에 민감하게 반응함을 확인하였고, 첨가제가 연료유 증발에 효과적으로 작용함을 확인하였다.

• 호스피스학술지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.15-28
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• 2007

This study was focused on figure out what kinds of elements are influencing on job satisfaction with approach of the educational system. It was also to figure out how work characteristics and role conflicts of employees influence on job satisfaction. Objects of study were employeeswho had been working in Hospice and Palliative medical center at least for 6 months, and they were doctors, nurses, ministers, and welfare workers. Collected materials were analyzed by Frequency Analysis, One-way ANOVA, Correlation Analysis, and SimpleRegression Analysis. Results from study can be summarized like below. The first, job satisfaction of workers in Hospice and Palliative medical center were 3.36, and this numerical value is pretty high over all. For saying from the higher to the lower satisfaction level, there were satisfaction with job itself, satisfaction with co-workers, satisfaction with seniors (superiors), and satisfaction with organizations, on the other hands, satisfaction with salaries was turned out as the lowest level among those. The second, role conflict was 2.63, and it is considered as the medium level. after inquiring into it by elements of role conflict, they felt many environmental difficulties compared to other workers in different fields such as environmental difficulty, role ambiguity, insufficient ability, process obscurity, etc. The third, work environment influencing on job satisfaction are as follows. Professional environment among characteristics of work environment was significant statistically. Job satisfaction of ministers was the highest; others were in the order of doctors, welfare workers, and nurses. For employment history, job satisfaction was higher as they have more and longer job experience including whole professional experience both in hospice and palliative medical center. In addition, participating in hospice and palliative programs, intensive training regularly was significantly. Job Motivation was also significant statistically. Especially, job satisfaction was higher when people decided to work in hospice and palliative medical center because of individual desire (self-realization). Lastly, influence of role conflict on job satisfaction is as follows. Environmental difficulty, role ambiguity, insufficient ability, process obscurity, etc showed the significant meaning statistically, and the lower role conflict was related with the higher job satisfaction. Suggestions for next study based on such results are as follows in order to improve or increase job satisfaction of employees in hospice/palliative medical centers. The first, to expand education opportunity of employees is needed to increase job satisfactionof hospice/palliatives medical centers. Participating in intensive programs and seminars by types of occupation and acquiring professional knowledge are very important since employees are motivated by those activities. For that, developing and activating intensive education/programs by professional occupations are suggested. The second, dividing roles of employees and determining each job's limit clearly in hospice/palliative medical centers are required. For that, study developing standard job regulations is suggested for each professional job. Lastly, developing and providing reasonable salaries is needed because low salaries of hospice/palliative medical centers are the absolute reason lowering job satisfaction. Therefore, this paper suggests improving the salary level of employees of hospice/palliative medical centers and developing practical plan for it.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the dietary habits and oral health of elderly people in an attempt to pave the way for the development of oral health promotion programs geared toward improving the quality of life of the elderly. The subjects in this study were senior citizens who were selected by convenience sampling from Seoul. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. Regarding subjective oral health state, 54.5% of the elderly people, more than the half, considered their mouth to be in good health. The number of their mean remaining permanent teeth was 13.71. 47.5 percent of the senior citizens investigated had no shaking teeth. 2. Those who found themselves to be in good oral health had meals on a regular basis(p=0.022) and ate detergent food often. The gaps between them and the others was significant(p=0.005). In contrast, the elderly people who were in a bad oral health frequently ate cariogenic food(p=0.044). 3. The elderly people who had 21 teeth or more ate detergent food often(p=0.029), and those who owned no teeth had a sweet teeth(p=0.003), ate more cariogenic food(p=0.001) and had a snack frequently(p=0.026). 4. The subjective oral health status had a positive correlation to detergent food intake(r=0.23) and had a slightly negative correlation to preference for sweets(r=-0.14), cariogenic food intake(r=-0.14) and snack intake(r=-0.06). The number of tooth was positively correlated to detergent food intake(r=0.23) and negatively to preference for sweets(r=0.32), cariogenic food intake(r=-0.30) and snack intake(r=-0.21). The presence or absence of shaking teeth had a positive correlation to snack intake(r=0.14). The above-mentioned findings suggested that the dietary habits of the elderly people had a statistically significant relationship to subjective and objective oral health state, which indicated that there was a close relationship between oral health and dietary habits. Therefore how to improve dietary habits as well as oral health should be taken into account when oral health promotion programs are developed for the sake of the elderly. That would contribute to promoting the oral health of elderly people and eventually boosting their quality of life.