• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.137-144
• /
• 2007

In this paper, we propose a rotation resistant robust logo embedding watermarking technique. Geometric manipulations make the detection process very complex and difficult. Watermark embedding in the normalized image directly suffers from smoothing effect due to the interpolation during the image normalization. This can be avoided by estimating the transform parameters using image normalization angle and moments, instead of embedding in the normalized image. Conventional rotation resistant schemes that use full frame transform. In this paper we adopt DCT and calculate masking using a spatio-frequency localization of the $8{\times}8$ block DCT coefficients. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is robust against rotation process.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.247-256
• /
• 2001

Digital watermarking is a copyright protection technique for digital images which embed a code into the digital data so the data is marked. Watermarking techniques previously deal with on-line digital data and have been developed to withstand digital attacks such image processing, compression and geometric transformation. In this paper we propose a novel method of embedding watermarks in printed images. In the proposed algorithm, watermark is embedded in a dithered binary image by comparing the $2\times{2}$ blocks of the counting array is the number of 1 (WHITE) in the $16\times{16}$ blocks of the dithered binary image with predefined reference block pattern, which is generated by watermark values. The proposed algorithm is able to provide more information at a watermark because the proposed algorithm use both '1'and '0' as watermark values. The watermark information is detected by comparing the watermark which is reconstructed from the image which is embedded watermark with the original watermark which is embedded in a binary image. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with that of the conventional watermark embedding algorithm for printed images by detecting watermark for scan images.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.262-266
• /
• 2020

In this paper, we proposed an effective technique for hiding the watermark in the LSB of a color image by applying spatial encryption techniques. Even if the watermark hidden in the LSB of the image is extracted, the information of the extracted watermark cannot be decrypted because the watermark is encrypted using various spatial encryption techniques. Therefore, if the watermark is concealed in the LSB using the spatial encryption techniques proposed in this paper, the security is greatly improved compared to the existing technique of embedding the watermark in the LSB. When watermarking is performed by applying the proposed technique, the image quality of the watermark-concealed image is very good, so it is impossible to distinguish it from the original image, and the watermark, which is confidential data, can be extracted from the watermarked image without loss. The performance of the proposed technique was mathematically analyzed and the superiority of the proposed technique was confirmed through experiments. When the watermark was concealed by applying the proposed technique to Lenna, airplane, Tiffany, and pepper images having a size of 512×512, the PSNR values of the watermarked images were 53.91dB, 54.10dB, 54.09dB, and 54.13dB, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.16 no.8
• /
• pp.1663-1674
• /
• 2012

In this paper, we propose a new watermarking technique for copyright protection of stereo image. The proposed technique embeds watermark to the region which corresponds to occlusion of the disparity map to be extracted by the proposed stereo matching and the frequency coefficient with the appropriate value. We use discrete wavelet transform for frequency transform tool. The proposed algorithm consists of stereo matching, watermark rearrange, mark space selection, and watermark embedding/extracting. We tested the experiment about 4 stereo images which are from Middlebury site. We embedded the watermark to 4 stereo images and extracted it from the images after attacks. We also visually analyzed the watermark embedding images in 3D TV environment.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.16 no.7
• /
• pp.841-851
• /
• 2013

The infectious information hiding system(IIHS) is proposed for secure distribution of high quality video contents by applying optimized watermark embedding and detection algorithms to video codecs. And the watermark as infectious information is transmitted while target video is displayed or edited by codecs. This paper proposes a fast and effective reversible watermarking and infectious information generation for IIHS. Our reversible watermarking scheme enables video decoder to control video quality and watermark strength actively for by adding control code and expiration date with the watermark. Also, we designed our scheme with low computational complexity to satisfy it's real-time processing in a video codec, and to prevent time or frame delay during watermark detection and video restoration, we embedded one watermark and one side information within a macro-block. Experimental results verify that our scheme satisfy real-time watermark embedding and detection and watermark error is 0% after reversible watermark detection. Finally, we conform that the quality of restored video contens is almost same with compressed video without watermarking algorithm.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.57 no.12
• /
• pp.2330-2335
• /
• 2008

In this paper, we proposed a robust watermark scheme for image based on the discrete wavelet transform. In the first, we use the triplet method for embedding and extraction of watermark. Triplet method uses relationship among the discrete wavelet coefficients at the same position in the three detail subband of image. In the second, we use barcode Pattern Image for watermark scheme. By using barcode Pattern Images, a user is able to make many kinds of own watermark. In the third, the proposed method for image watermark provides the invisiblility which the other user can not discriminate watermark from watermarked image. The advantage of the proposed method is visibility when we extracted watermark from the image. The corresponding experimental results show that the proposed method has performance of a robustness from the noise attack.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.1499-1513
• /
• 2014

This paper proposes a novel blind image watermarking scheme exploiting Block Truncation Coding (BTC). Most of existing BTC-based watermarking or data hiding methods embed information in BTC compressed images by modifying the BTC encoding stage or BTC-compressed data, resulting in watermarked images with bad quality. Other than existing BTC-based watermarking schemes, our scheme does not really perform the BTC compression on images during the embedding process but uses the parity of BTC quantization data to guide the watermark embedding and extraction processes. In our scheme, we use a binary image as the original watermark. During the embedding process, the original cover image is first partitioned into non-overlapping $4{\times}4$ blocks. Then, BTC is performed on each block to obtain its BTC quantized high mean and low mean. According to the parity of high mean and the parity of low mean, two watermark bits are embedded in each block by modifying the pixel values in the block to make sure that the parity of high mean and the parity of low mean in the modified block are equal to the two watermark bits. During the extraction process, BTC is first performed on each block to obtain its high mean and low mean. By checking the parity of high mean and the parity of low mean, we can extract the two watermark bits in each block. The experimental results show that the proposed watermarking method is fragile to most image processing operations and various kinds of attacks while preserving the invisibility very well, thus the proposed scheme can be used for image authentication.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.14 no.8
• /
• pp.30-39
• /
• 2014

The proposed watermark embedding algorithm uses histogram of difference image between a modified original image and predicted image. To increase the prediction performance of the predicted image, the reference pixels for prediction are adaptively selected and the other pixels are directionally interpolated with the reference pixels. The simulation result shows that the proposed algorithm gives good performances in the embedding capacity and the PSNR values.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.681-687
• /
• 2016

Today's modern world requires a digital watermarking technique that takes the redundancy of an image into consideration for embedding a watermark. The novel algorithm used in this paper takes into consideration the redundancies of spatial domain and wavelet domain for embedding a watermark. Also, the cryptography-based secret key makes the algorithm difficult to hack and help protect ownership. Watermarking is blind, as it does not require the original image. Few coefficient matrices and secret keys are essential to retrieve the original watermark, which makes it redundant to various intentional attacks. The proposed technique resolves the challenge of optimizing transparency and robustness using a Canny-based edge detector technique. Improvements in the transparency of the cover image can be seen in the computed PSNR value, which is 44.20 dB.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.285-288
• /
• 2004

High-quality digital broadcasting contents are susceptible to illegal copy and unauthorized redistribution, which makes broadcasters difficult to protect valuable media assets. So, broadcasters and content providers need the technology for copyright protection of professional digital content. Digital watermarking technology is one of the most actively developed solutions for the copyright protection. This paper suggests the requirements of watermarking technology in DTV(Digital TV) environment for copyright protection and shows the developed real-time watermark embedding/detecting system for HD(High Definition)/SD(Standard Definition) video and experimental results of the system against watermark attack tests. Our watermarking system meets the watermarking requirements of invisibility, robustness and security of DTV environment.