• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2010

A Sustainable Structured wetland Biotop (SSB) system was constructed on the floodplain of Kyungan stream in December, 2006. It purifies polluted water of Keumeo stream which flows into the stream. Water were sampled once a month at inlet and outlet from December, 2007 to December, 2008. $BOD_5$, SS, T-N and T-P were analyzed. Plant and fish species of the system were monitored twice during the period. Average influent and effluent BOD5 concentration was 6.2 and 2.2 mg/L, respectively and BOD5 removal was 50.8%. SS concentration of influent and effluent was averaged 10.1mg/L and 1.5mg/L, respectively and SS abatement amounted to 77.0%. Average influent and effluent T-N concentration was 4.9mg/L and 2.9 mg/L, respectively and T-N retention was 50.8%. T-P concentration of influent and effluent was averaged 0.386mg/L and 0.107mg/L, respectively and T-P removal amounted to 77.0%. Twenty two plant species were naturally introduced into the system, however, they didn't make up a significant portion of the plant populations compared with the planted species. Dominant plant species were in the following order; Phragmites communis > Typha latifolia > Iris pseudoacorus > Persicaria thunbergii. Five families and 15 species of fish were observed in the system including Chinese minnow (Moroco oxycephalus) which inhabits in clean water. Six more fish species were monitored in the system compared with ones living in Kyungan stream. Amphibia and reptiles accounted for 11 species of 4 orders and 7 families including Korean Salamander (Hynobius leechi) which also lives in cleanwater.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.500-509
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• 1993

Pectins present in the primary cell walls and middle lamellae of plant cell walls are extracted by water, cheating agents, acid or alkali solutions. However, some neutral contaminating components are extracted in conjunction with pectins during the extraction process. Thus, the accurate characterization of physi-cochemical properties of pectins necessitates to get rid of the impurities. In this review, dialysis, alcohol precipitation, ion exchange chromatography and metal precipitation were compared as procedures to purify the pectin extracts. In addition, the chemical methods to analyze pectins are discussed in terms of three major chemical constituents, i.e., anhydrogalacturonic acid, methoxyl groups and neutral sugars.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.329-339
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• 2019

Recently, the advancement of information and communication technology(ICT) is expanding the connectivity through Internet of Things(IoT), and the media of connection is also expanding from wire/cable transmission to broadband wireless communication, which has significantly improved mobility. This hyperconnectivity has become a key element of the fourth industrial revolution, whereas the supervisory control network of purification plants in korea is operated as a communication network separated from the outside, thereby lagging in terms of connectivity. This is considered the best way to ensure security, and thus there is hardly any consideration of establishing alternatives to operate an efficient and stable communication network. Moreover, security for management of a commercialized communication network and network management solution may be accompanied by immense costs, making it more difficult to make new attempts. Therefore, to improve the conditions for the current supervisory control network of purification plants, this study developed a industrial security L2 switch that supports modbus TCP(Transmission Control Protocol) communication and encryption function of the transmission section. As a result, the communication security performance improved significantly, and the cost for implementing the network management system using Historical Trend and information of HMI(Human Machine Interface) could be reduced by approximately KRW 200 million. The results of this study may be applied to systems for gas, electricity and social safety nets that are infrastructure communication networks that are similar to purification plants.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.135-143
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• 2016

Biogas is a renewable fuel from anaerobic digestion of organic matters such as sewage sludge, manure and food waste. Raw biogas consists mainly of methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and water. Biogas may also contain other impurities such as siloxanes, halogenated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons. Efficient power technologies such as fuel cell demand ultra-low concentration of containments in the biogas feed, imposing stringent requirements on fuel purification technology. Biogas is upgraded from pressure swing adsorption after biogas purification process which consists of water, $H_2S$ and siloxane removal. A polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell power plant is designed to operate on reformate produced from upgraded biogas by steam reformer.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.543-550
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• 2015

In this study, using soil brick with combined effective microorganisms and emergent plants was identified which it can increase the effect of conservation and improvement of water. Lab-test was consist of four kind of reactors and each of reactors were A(rawwater), B(soil brick), C(emergent plant) and D(soil brick+emergent plant). Iris pseudoacorus, Phargmites australis, Typha angustifolia and Zizania latifolia were used for emergent plant. Evaluation of application on various environment were performed on agricultural waterway and pond. The pH measurement test of soil brick was performed due to evaluate whether a strong alkaline water flows out of the soil brick. Result of lab-test, removal efficiency of D was better than removal efficiency of A presenting 20.9%, 27.9% 21.5%, 33.8% and 58.4% for $COD_{Cr}$, $BOD_5$, TN, TP and TSS respectively. Removal efficiency of soil brick on agricultural waterway was revealed to be 49.5%, 45.0%, 43.7%, 37.3% and 28.6% for $COD_{Cr}$, $BOD_5$, TN, TP and TSS respectively. And removal efficiency of soil brick on the pond was revealed to be 12.7%, 10.5%, 9.32%, 10.4% and 36.3% for $COD_{Cr}$, $BOD_5$, TN, TP and TSS respectively. Result of pH measurement test of soil brick was neutral which was about 6 to 8.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2006

농어촌 등 소규모로 발생되는 생활하수를 자연친화적으로 처리하기 위한 대책의 일환으로 인공습지에 적용되는 최적의 수생식물을 선발하기 위하여 다년생 수생식물 10종을 하수처리장에 식재한 후 하수 처리효율, 처리시기별 수생식물의 생육상 및 무기성분 흡수량 등을 조사하였다. 인공습지 하수처리장에서 하수중 BOD, COD, T-N 및 T-P의 수처리효율은 호기성조를 통과한 호기성조 처리수에서 각각 92%, 74%, 25% 및 57%이었고, 혐기성조를 통과한 방류수에서 각각 96%, 84%, 44% 및 71%이었다. 수생식물 생육 150일 후의 질소 및 인 흡수량은 호기성조에서는 물억새가 각각 17.7 및 2.41 g/plant로 가장 높았으며, 혐기성조에서는 큰고랭이가 각각 8.7및 1.1 g/plant로 가장 높았다. 인공습지 하수처리장의 호기성조에서 최적 수생식물은 물억새>달뿌리풀>갈대의 순이었고, 이들 수생식물은 대부분 뿌리의 발육이 좋은 심근성 수생식물이었고, 여재층 내로 산소를 공급하기 쉬운 통기조직이 발달된 수생식물들이었다. 인공습지 하수처리장의 혐기성조에서 최적 수생식물은 줄>큰고랭이>부들>노랑꽃창포>삿갓사초의 순이었고, 이들 수생식물은 대부분 뿌리의 발육보다 줄기와 잎의 발육이 좋은 천근성 수생식물로서 호기 성조의 최적 수생식물의 역할과는 달리 영양물질의 흡수량이 우수한 수생식물이 선정되었다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.521-526
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• 2006

We have studied the possibility of removing Anabaena macrospora by injecting copper sulfate ($CuSO_4{\cdot}5H_2O$) into the raw water of a drinking water purification plant. Anabaena macrospora caused the unpleasant geosmin odor of drinking water in August 2001. The cell break-point of A. macrospora was 0.3 mg/L of $CuSO_4$. We were able to reduce the standing crops of A. macrospora effectively because $CuSO_4$ could break A. macrospora selectively. Because 0.3 mg/L of $CuSO_4$ could break both cells and akinetes, it reduced the possibility of a recurrent problem for them to meet a favorable condition. When $CuSO_4$ was injected in the early growth phase of algae and the mixing intensity was high, A. macrospora could be removed most effectively. The odor caused by A. macrospora was sustained for a while without any sudden change of environmental condition. Therefore, we hope that it could shorten the period of obstacle by injecting the optimal amount of 0.3 mg/L of $CuSO_4$. The water quality, alkalinity, conductivity, hardness and pH didn't changed by the injection of $CuSO_4$.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2014

Inflow or outflow from the water treatment plant and the sewage water has potential energy. If this potential energy can be converted into electrical energy by water turbine generator, it can help to save energy because of the high capacity utilization. So recently, micro hydro power plant is reviewed in the water treatment facility. If generation capacity is low, induction generator is primarily used. If output capacity is low, generated power is supplied to the inside load. Induction generator can cause voltage drop by the inrush current at a start-up and requires reactive power for magnetization. In this study, we analyzed the flow of power and voltage variation against inrush current that occurs when the induction generator starts under the terms that loads of linear and non-linear of the water purification plant are used. Analysis results are that the voltage drop is within an allowable range and the power factor is slightly reduced by the need of reactive power.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of aquatic plant as a botanical air purification on the indoor air pollution by formaldehyde. Three aquatic plants such as Eichhornia crassipes, Cyperus alternifolius, Echinodorus cordifolius, were selected for this study and they were placed in the artificially contaminated chamber under laboratory condition. The results showed that all three plants could remove the formaldehyde from the contaminated air system effectively. Reduction in the formaldehyde levels by Eichhornia crassipes, which is the floating plant, might be associated with the factors of plant and water. Reduction in the formaldehyde levels by Cyperus helferi and Echinodorus cordifolius, which were emergent plant, was due to the complex effect of plant, soil medium and water. In aquatic plant system, dissolution, microbial degradation in rhizosphere, uptake through root and shoot, sorption to soil and shoot, hydrolysis are known as the main mechanisms of water soluble pollutants in the given system. The advantages of indoor air quality control system using aquatic plants can be; 1) various purifying mechanisms than foliage plants, 2) effective for decontamination of water soluble pollutants; 3) easy for maintenance; 4) diverse application potential. Therefore it was suggested from the results that indoor air control system of aquatic plants should be more effective for reduction of indoor air pollutants.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.177-187
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• 2002

The contamination problem is getting worse now a day because of the industrial activities. Recently it has been announced that there's environmental hormone in river and lake which produces clean water, also there's too many of algae reproduces under the water and some virus in the drinking water. The quality of water is very important. pure and clean water is not only a precondition for human being to live but a basic factor to improve the quality of life. so a water purification system must be developed. This study is about the surface washing treatment technique. We tried to use a rotary nozzle to get a tush degree of efficiency, for it was not enough with present way of washing. The nozzle is run by water pressure. The results of the experiment are as follows. We got a clean and equal surface after washing. After washing, the water's maximum consistency was 330NTU and it shows that this way is better than before one with 215NTU. Clean level of the filter was 6$^{\circ}$and it's 2.8 times higher than 17$^{\circ}$with the old way. We can see the results that the new way of washing is more effective than old way based on this study.