• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2004

This study investigated the synergy effects of hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus and dietarty carnitine on the lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense system of rats on hypercholesterol diets. Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed either a hypercholesterol diet with water or a hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus and dietarty carnitine. The experimental groups consisted of the control group (CO), the group supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus(ES), and the group supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus and dietarty carnitine(ESC). Eleutherococcus senticosus was extracted, made into 0.5% solution, and fed to the ES and ESC groups. A 3% carnitine diet was supplied to the ESC group. Hypercholesterol diets contained 18% beef tallow and 5% cholesterol. After 4 weeks of administering these diets, serum and liver were obtained and the level of serum lipid and the activities of GOT and GPT were measured. In addition, the level of liver lipid and TBARS and the activity of GSH-Px were measured. The results were as follows: 1) Weight gain and FER in the group supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus and dietarty carnitine(ESC) was low significantly(P<0.05). 2) In the groups supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus(ES) and the group supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherocorcus senticosus and dietarty carnitine(ESC), total serum cholesterol levels were both significantly low (P<0.05,P.0.01). 3) Serum GOT activity was significantly low(P<0.05) in the group supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus(ES) and in the group supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus and dietary carnitine(ESC). There was no difference between serum GPT activity in the control group and the groups supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus or dietary carnitine. 4) Liver triglyceride was low (P.0.05) in the group supplied with hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus and dietarty carnitine(ESC). No difference was observed in other lipid composition, TBARS level, and GSH-px activity in liver between the control group and the experimental groups. In summary, the effects of hot water soluble extract from Eleutherococcus senticosus and dietarty carnitine on the lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense system (such as weight gain, FER, total serum cholesterol and liver triglyceride) were low when Eleutherococcus senticosus and dietarty carnitine were supplied simultaneously.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.1661-1665
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• 2003

A feeding trial was conducted for 60 days to study the utilization of fruits processing wastes as feed ingredient in the diet of Labeo rohita fingerlings. One hundred and sixty fingerlings (av. body weight, $1.65g{\pm}0.03$) were equally distributed in four experimental groups having 4 replicates each. Four different experimental diets were prepared by replacing wheat flour and rice bran with either orange (T2) (Cirtus qurantium), pineapple (T3) (Ananas spp. and Pseudananas spp.) or sweet lime (T4) (Citrus sinensis) wastes to the basal diet along with the control (T1, without any fruit wastes) keeping the CP level at around 40%. The water quality parameters like DO, $CO_2$, pH, total alkalinity, total hardness, ammonia and water temperature were recorded within the optimum range. The diet containing 25% pineapple wastes (T3) showed significantly higher growth in terms of SGR (1.50), FCR (2.09) and PER (1.19) than the other groups. However, growth of T4 and T2 groups were not significantly different than the control group (T1). Protease activity (17.17 unit/mg protein), protein digestibility (91.57%) and carbohydrate digestibility (41.62%) were not significantly different among the different groups. Survival of the fingerlings were not significantly different among the experimental groups. It concludes that waste of orange, pineapple and sweet lime can be used at 25% level as a substitute of wheat flour and rice bran in the diet of Labeo rohita.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2003

동물사료원의 생산효과에 관한 연구로 암자의 배설물을 먹이로 한 미꾸리가 사양되었다. 2년생 미꾸리의 사료로 35일간 생계분이 이용되었고 미꾸리 수족관의 물은 실험기간 동안 교환하지 않았다. 8개의 수족관, 8kg의 미꾸리와 4마리의 토종닭 암컷이 본 실험에 이용되었다. 본 실험은 시판용 미꾸리사료로 미꾸리를 사양한 4개의 대조구와 계분으로 미꾸리를 사양한 4개의 처리구로 구분되었다. 시판용 미꾸리 사료와 생계분간의 화학조성이 비교되었다. 두 샘플에서 조단백질 함량은 거의 같았다. 조지방 및 조회분 함량은 시판용 미꾸리 사료보다 계분에서 높게 평가되었다 생계분을 먹고 자란 미꾸리의 성장율이 상대적으로 높아지는 경향이 인정되었다. 실험기간동안 수족관내 물 중의 대장균, 살모넬라균 및 pH의 농도는 처리구간에 차이는 인정되지 않았다. 미꾸리의 도태율은 생계분 급이구에서 감소되어지는 경향이 인정되었다. 35일간의 시험기간동안 미꾸리의 건강은 문제가 없는 것이 관찰되었다. 본 결과는 생계분만으로 미꾸리 사양이 가능한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2007

This study selected the optimal microalgal species for mass culture of a brackish water copepod Paracyclopina nana. Fifteen microalgal species were tested to examine nauplius production and the survival and maturation of brood females. Total and daily nauplius production were highest in P. nana fed Tetraselmis suecica followed Isochrysis galbana, Dunaliella tertiolecta, and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. With a monospecific microalgal diet, the total density was highest with P. nana fed I. galbana, at 63.3 inds./mL. With a mixed microalgal diet, the total density of P. nana fed T. suecica+I. galbana was higher than that fed other mixed diets, although there was no difference between a monospecific diet of I. galbana and a mixed diet of T. suecica+I. galbana. Examining the fatty acid composition of P. nana, the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was highest in P. nana fed T. suecica at 5.4% while the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content was highest I. galbana diet at 31.9%. Although no DHA was detected in T. suecica, P. nana fed this microalgal species had a high DHA composition of 24.3%. We suggest that the optimal microalgal species for the mass culture of P. nana is T. suecica which is easy to culture on masse and has a high linolenic acid content.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.401-409
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• 2012

The study was conducted to investigate the chemical composition of distillery yeast sludge and its inclusion in broiler diets to replace canola meal. Raw distillery yeast sludge was washed with water using water and sludge in the ratio 6:1, respectively. Proximate analysis of raw distillery yeast sludge and washed distillery sludge was carried out for crude protein (CP), true protein (TP), ether extract (EE), ash, acid insoluble ash and nitrogen free extract (NFE) determination. Mineral contents and amino acid profile of raw distillery yeast sludge and washed distillery sludge were also determined. After chemical evaluation, four iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous broiler starter and finisher diets were prepared in mash form using 0 (control), 4, 8 and 12% levels of washed distillery sludge replacing canola meal. One hundred and twenty day-old broiler chicks were randomly distributed into 12 experimental units in such a way that each diet was offered to three experimental units, each comprising of 10 chicks. It was observed that washing affected the nutrients either by decreasing or increasing their concentration. It decreased the total mineral contents whereas CP, TP, EE and NFE contents increased. Washing also increased amino acid profile. Average feed intake and weight gain were higher in birds fed diet containing 8% washed distillery sludge and lower in birds fed diet containing 0% washed distillery sludge. Feed cost per kg live weight gain decreased significantly as the level of washed distillery sludge was increased in the diet. Average heart, liver and pancreas weights decreased with increased level of washed distillery sludge in the diet. The study revealed that after washing, distillery yeast sludge can be used successfully in broiler diets up to the level of 8% without any adverse effect on broiler's performance.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.131-136
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• 1985

This study was intended to observe some nutritional effects of the boiling water extracts of mugwort powder in albino rats. Forty young male albino rats of Sprague-Dawley strain, body weight of $77{\pm}5g$ were employed for the experiment. They were divided into 5 dietary group, 0 (control), 1, 2, 4, and 8g% mugwort powder extract supplemented into the control diet, and fed each corresponding diet to the rats for 4 weeks. They were observed on intake of food and protein, efficiencies of food and protein, amount of energy intake, growing rate, and levels of hematocrit and hemoglobin in the blood. The amount of intakes of food, protein and energy was the highest in the group fed on 4g% mugwort extracts supplemented diet than any other groups studied. The efficiencies of food and protein in the groups fed on mugwort extracts supplemented diets were all lower than that of the control group. The growing rate of the group fed on 1g% mugwort extracts supplemented diet was the highest, however, there was no significant difference among them. The levels of hemoglobin of the groups fed 4g% or 8g% mugwort extracts supplemented diet was higher than that of the control, but not significant.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.683-689
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• 2014

This study examined carcass and meat quality parameters in growing/finishing pigs fed unconventionally versus the concentrate-based system. Ninety-six, 12 wk old pigs ($34{\pm}SD0.3kg$) were randomly divided into three groups, assigned to one of the three dietary treatments: standard complete concentrate mixture, conventional (C diet); unconventional, steamed potato-green forage-concentrate based diet (U diet), and unconventional basal diet+herbage mix (UH diet). Pigs fed U diet showed lower dressing percentage, meatiness, loin eye area, and weight of pork neck ($p{\leq}0.05$), but their carcasses were significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) longer and had increased backfat depth ($p{\leq}0.05$). There was no impact of the diet on the meat content of dry matter, crude ash, acidity, and colour parameters of m. longissimus. Unconventional feeding significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) elevated water the holding capacity of m. longissimus and slightly improved the sensory attributes analysis of meat. The addition of herbs resulted in increased loin eye area ($p{\leq}0.05$), decreased fat content ($p{\leq}0.05$) in m. longissimus, and tended to improve some sensory attributes of meat. There were significant gender differences in response to all diets. There were significant diet${\times}$sex interactions for some measured variables, but there were no clearly identifiable trends with regard to any specific carcass or meat parameters. Feeding unconventional diet to pigs may offer better culinary attributes of the meat, and improve some technologically important characteristics of pig carcass, but may negatively affect some carcass or meat parameters.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.1598-1608
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• 2013

An optimum dietary carbohydrate content is important for maximum fish growth. In this study, we fed Wuchang bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) with either control diet (30.42%) or high carbohydrate diet (52.92%) for 90 d. Fish were fed to apparent satiation three times daily in an aquarium with automatic temperature control and circulated water. Growth performance, plasma biochemical parameters, hepatic morphology and enzyme activities were determined. It was shown that compared to fish fed control diet, fish fed high carbohydrate diet had higher plasma triglyceride and cortisol levels for d 90, and lower alkaline phosphatase level for d 45, lower hepatic superoxide dismutase and total antioxidative capacity for d 90, higher malondialdehyde for d 45 and glycogen content for d 45 and 90 (p<0.05). Histological and transmission electron microscopy studies showed that hepatocytes of fish fed high carbohydrate diet contained large lipid droplets, causing displacement of cellular organelles to periphery of hepatocytes. The relative level of hepatic heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) mRNA of Wuchang bream fed high carbohydrate diet was significantly higher than that of fish fed the control diet for 90 d (p<0.05). These changes led to decreased specific growth rate and increased feed conversion ratio (p<0.05). Upon hypoxia challenge, fish fed high carbohydrate diet had higher cumulative mortality than those fed the control diet (p<0.05). These results suggested that high dietary carbohydrate (52.92%) was detrimental to the growth performance and health of Wuchang bream.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.307-313
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• 2002

체내 cholesterol 수치를 낮추기 위하여 HMG-CoA reductase 활성을 저해하는 물질들을 닭에게 급여하여 in vitro상에서 검토한 결과, HMG-CoA reductase 활성에 대한 마늘, lovastatin과 copper의 순으로 저해능은 51.3%, 87.5%, 82.0%이었다. 또한 혈장, 가슴조직, 간장의 cholesterol 함량에 대한 마늘(3% in diet), lovastatin(300mg/Kg of diet), copper(200mg/Kg of diet)의 효과를 검토하였다. 혈장 중의 cholesterol 함량과 HDL, LDL cholesterol 함량은 3% 마늘의 투여로 감소되어졌으나 copper의 투여는 오히려 증가하였고, lovastatin 투여에 의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 그리고 간장과 가슴조직의 cholesterol과 triglyceride는 사료에 cholestrol의 수치를 저하시키는 물질을 첨가하였으나 별다른 차이가 없었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.303-311
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• 2007

As obesity is known to be related to hyperlipidemia, diabetes and coronary heart disease, and other chronic diseases, many researches have focused on functional food materials showing anti-obesity activity. The adipokines secreted by adipose tissue, resistin and adiponectin are known to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases directly. C-reactive protein and homocysteine are molecules regulated by adipose tissue indirectly also relate to the chronic diseases. This study was performed to study of the anti-obesity effects of Sasa borealis in diet-induced obese mice (C57/BL6J). The mice were divided into four group: NFD (Normal fat diet), HFD (High fat diet), BSE (High fat diet containing 5% of 70% ethanol extract of Sasa borealis leaves), BLW (High fat diet containing 5% of water extract of Sasa borealis leaves). The experimental diets were fed for 11 weeks. The final body weight of the mice in the groups of BSE and BLW groups were significantly lower than the HFD group. The effects of weight reduction were due to reduced body fat accumulation. The adiponectin levels are significantly decreased in HFD group compared than NFD group and increased taken by Sasa borealis containing diet. The resistin levels are not significantly different between experimental groups. The CRP and homocyteine levels are significantly higher in HFD group than NFD group and significantly decreased by Sasa borealis containing diet, especially BLW group. These results indicate that orally administered Sasa borealis not only has the effect of reducing the body weight and total fat weight, but preferable effect in adiponectin levels and related molecules as CRP and homocysteine. Therefore we expect the Sasa borealis may have an anti-obesity function and anti-metabolic syndrome effect in diet-induced obese mice.