• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.403-411
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the physical characteristics and instrumental activities of daily living(IADL) of the elderly (85+). The subjects were three-hundred elderly people over the age of 85, living in Kyungpook Sung-Ju area who have no problems in daily living. The survey on anthropometric measures and IADL were carried out by individual measurement and interviews using measuring devices and questionnaires. The subject group of the study was composed of 27% males and 73% females, the average age being 87 years old. Notable physical features of the subjects include considerably short statues and small physiques compared to the average Korean elder. The mean Body Mass Index(BMI) was 20.9. The average percentage of body fat in male and female was 21.7% and 29.5% respectively, and the average waist/hip ratio(WHR) was 0.9 and 0.85 respectively. The percentage of the subjects who were able to perform all the IADL was 51% in males and 25% in females. The male subjects were more capable than the females in all the IADL except for preparing meals. BMI showed positive correlations withy weight(r=699), WHR(r=0.157), body fat percentage(r=0.57), lean body mass(r=0368) and total body water(r=0.368). WHR also had positive correlation with weight(r=0.184), BMI(r=0.157), lean body mass(r=0.149) and total body water (r=0.148). Body fat percentage had a positive correlation with weight(r=0.147) and BMI(r=0.265) and total body water(r=0.265). In summary, the elderly(85+) in the Sung-Ju area had considerably smaller physiques than the average Korean elderly and showed a normal range of BMI in average. The IADL of the elderly(85+) appeared to have a positive correlation with lean body mass and total body water and a negative correlation with body fat percentage.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.130-133
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• 1999

Body fat-reducing ability of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) water extract (OMWE) was investigated of mice by supplying it drinking water. OMWE(2.95% solid content ) was prepared by extracting a low grade of the mushroom at 12$0^{\circ}C$ for 10min. The solid material of OMWE was composed of 65.2% reducing sugar, 0.23% crude fat, 0.5%total protein, 1.2% ash and 32.9% others. OMWE was appropriately diluted with drinking water. Seventy two male ICR mice(25$\pm$1 g, 7~8 weeks of age, 6 mice/cage, 18 mice/treatment) housed in polycarbonate cages containing $\beta$-chips were adopted in a temperature-and humidity-controlled facility with free access to water and diet. One week later, the mice were subjected to one of the treatments for 36days : 0 (control), 10, 50 and 100% OMWE. Drinking wter with or without OMWE was supplied twice (40ml each, 80ml in total ) daily per cage. Body weight and fed intake were recorded every three days. At the end of the experiment, mice were sacrificed to determine the chemical composition (fat, protein, ash and water). Body weight of mice treated with OMWE (10, 50 and 100%) at day 36 was 35.9, 35.9and 35.5g per mouse , respectively, and not significantly reduced as compared to that (36.5g/mouse) of control mice. Average body fat of 0,10,50 and 10% OMWE -treated mice was 14.3, 13.1, 10.7 and 12.0% , respectively. Body fat reduction by 50% OMWE treatment was 25.2% (p<0.05) relative to control. OMWE did not affect feed intake. The contents of body protein and ash were increased with respect to body fat decrease, while water content was not changed much. These results suggest that OMWE could reduce body fat of the mice without body weight change, giving the best effect by 50% OMWE.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 3차원 수치모형을 이용하여 염수 대수층 내 담수 주입량에 따른 주입정과 양수정 사이의 담수체의 거동을 수치적으로 분석하였다. 대수층 내에 8개의 주입정이 동심원 상에 등간격으로 배열되어 있으며, 동심원 중심에 한 개의 양수정이 위치해 있다. 주입량이 상대적으로 작은 경우 주입정 주변의 담수체는 인근의 주입정에서의 담수체와 서로 혼합되지 않고 독립적으로 분포한다. 그러나 주입량이 증가함에 따라 담수체의 크기는 점차적으로 증가하며, 주입정과 주입정 사이에 염수와 담수가 혼합되어 있는 영역이 나타난다. 혼합되는 정도는 주입량이 증가함에 따라 증가되며, 이러한 현상은 양수정 주변에서도 동일하게 나타난다. 또한주입량이 증가할수록 양수정 주변 및 내에서의 염수비율이 점차적으로 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.114-120
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• 2001

Objectives : Man adapts himself to nature, so accordingly as he grows up, changes of body composition appear. This study measured the changes of body compositions on the ground of Sasang constitution and seasons Methods : 253 middle school students who live in Busan were studied from the 20th of March, 1999 to the 20th of March, 2001. We measured height and body compositions with Inbody 3.0, six times during that period. Results : According as they grew up, total body water, muscle area, body weight, BMI (Body Mass Index), BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate), ACM (Arm Muscle Circumference), and BCM (Body Cell Mass) increased, but fat body weight ratio decreased. From March to June, total body water, muscle area, height, ACM, and BCM increased. From September to December fat body weight, fat body weight ratio, waist hip ratio increased as compared with other seasons. Height of Soyangin and BMI of both Soyangin and Taeumin increased more than those of other groups, with statistical significance Conclusions : The growth of man is adapting oneself to changes of nature, and it corresponds to the theory of (correspondence between man and universe).

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2020

Purpose : We investigated the correlation between body composition and lung function in healthy adults. Methods : This study included 204 healthy adults in whom all measurements were obtained once, and all data were analyzed using the SPSS software for Windows, version 22.0. Pearson's correlation analysis was performed to determine the correlation between body composition (represented by the total body water, protein mass, soft lean mass, mineral mass, basal metabolic rate, fat-free mass, skeletal muscle mass, and body fat percentage) and lung function (represented by the forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV₁], the FEV₁/FVC ratio, maximum voluntary ventilation [MVV], maximum expiratory pressure [MEP], and the maximum inspiratory pressure [MIP]). All measurements were obtained by two investigators to improve reliability. A significance level of α=.05 was used to verify statistical significance. Results : Among the lung function measurements obtained in both men and women, the FVC, FEV₁, MVV, and MIP were positively correlated with the total body water, protein mass, soft lean mass, mineral mass, basal metabolic rate, fat-free mass, and skeletal muscle mass in men (p<.05). The FEV₁/FVC ratio was negatively correlated with the total body water, soft lean mass, mineral mass, basal metabolic rate, fat-free mass and the body fat percentage (p<.05). Notably, the FVC, FEV₁, and MVV were positively correlated with the total body water, protein mass, soft lean mass, mineral mass, basal metabolic rate, fat-free mass, and skeletal muscle mass in women (p<.05). Conclusion : This study showed a significant correlation between body composition and lung function in healthy adults. In combination with future studies on lung function, our results can provide objective evidence regarding the importance of prevention of lung disease, and our data can be utilized in rehabilitation programs for patients with respiratory diseases.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.1431-1438
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• 2018

In this paper, we proposed a river water level detection and tracking of the river or dams based on image processing system. In past, most of the water level detection system used various water sensors. Those water sensors works perfectly but have many drawbacks such as high cost and harsh weather. Water level monitoring system helps in forecasting early river disasters and maintenance of the water body area. However, the early river disaster warning system introduces many conflicting requirements. Surveillance camera based water level detection system depends on either the area of interest from the water body or on optical flow algorithm. This proposed system is focused on water scaling area of a river or dam to detect water level. After the detection of scale area from water body, the proposed algorithm will immediately focus on the digits available on that area. Using the numbers on the scale, water level of the river is predicted. This proposed system is successfully tested on different water bodies to detect the water level area and predicted the water level.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.407-415
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• 2006

This study carried out submerged area due to Dam construction in the near future. It includes species classification of plant, survey of community structure, examination of pollutant load and assessment of water quality impact. The vascular plants of this area are listed 224 taxa; 64 families, 168 genera, 193 species, 30 varieties and 1 form. This study area is classified into total 21 communities, most community was consist of grass vegetation. Among the communities, Erigeron annuus ($869,286m^2$, 22%) community was dominant and Erigeron annuus-Avena fatua comminity (16%) was subdominant until May, and then Erigeron canadensis community occupied most area to $1,774,985m^2$ (32%) from May to July. For the evaluation of water quality impact due to submerged macrophyte, nutrient release test was conducted both dead body macrophyte and living body macrophyte. The results of release test show that T-N is not released at dead body macrophyte, but it is released at living body macrophyte, especially living body Artemisia priceps var. orientalis shows 1.436mgN/g. At release test of dead body macrophyte, T-P release rate of Erigeron annuus shows 0.500mgP/g at the top of them and it also shows 0.436mgP/g at Erigeron annuus of living body macrophyte. T-N load of submerged macrophyte shows 0.76% by comparison of total load on watershed and T-P load of that shows 3.61%. In case of removal macrophyte for reduction of pollutant load in submerged area, T-N load of submerged macrophyte changes from 0.76% to 0.15% by comparison of total load on watershed and T-P load of that changes from 3.61% to 0.72%.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.449-454
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• 2022

The oxygen consumption rate (OCR) based on the water temperature and body size of the sea squirt Halocynthia roretzi was examined to provide quantitative information about the metabolic response of the species. OCRs were measured using a closed flow-through respirometer at four different water temperatures (10, 15, 20 and 25℃) and two different body sizes (21.4±1.1 g and 150.5±1.3 g, wet weight) with triplicates of each treatment. OCR increased as water temperature increased at both body sizes, but decreased as body size increased regardless of the water temperature (P<0.001). The effect of body size evaluated as a power function ranged from 0.8055 to 0.8884. The highest Q₁₀ values in the small and large size groups ranged from 15 to 20℃ and 20 to 25℃, respectively. The metabolic daily energy loss rate via respiration at all tested temperatures ranged from 56.2 to 106.1 J g^-1 d^-1 in the small-size group and from 44.5 to 92.0 J g^-1 d^-1 in the large-size group. Our results indicate that the metabolic response of H. roretzi highly depends on fluctuating water temperature at a given life stage.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.577-580
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• 1993

Six lactating crossbred cows and six Murrah buffaloes, maintained under similar conditions of feeding and management were studied for body composition by the antipyrine dilution technique. Measurements were made at the start of the experiment when the animals had completed about 50 days in lactation and thereafter at monthly intervals up to 90 days of the experimental period. The percent body water estimates in both species at different time intervals did not change significantly. Percent body fat and protein content also remained unchanged. The correlation coefficient between body composition parameters and various hormones (growth hormone, insulin, $T_3$ and $T_4$) were generally low and non-significant. It was concluded that body composition studies using body water are not sufficiently sensitive to predict changes in body composition of lactating cows and buffaloes and/or the changes in body composition during lactation are not very drastic.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

물체가 수중에 입수할 때, 원래의 운동에너지는 물체와 그 주위의 물에 부가질량 형태로 분배된다. 이러한 에너지 혹은 운동량의 전달에 기인하여 물체는 유체동력학적 충격력과 가속도를 받는다. 이러한 충격거동은 수중운동체의 공중 발사에 중요한 고려 요인이 된다. 본 논문에서는 구명정 모델을 바탕으로 원통형 물체의 입수에 대한 충격거동을 해석하는 근사기법을 제안하였다. 충격력은 von Karman의 운동량 이론으로 계산하고, 운동, 특히 가속도는 유체동력학적 힘의 평형에 의하여 유도된 운동방정식의 수치 적분으로 계산하였다. 제안된 방법은 입수충격을 받는 물체의 초기설계나 운동 해석을 위한 단순하면서도 효과적인 방안이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.