• 생약학회지
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• 제35권1호통권136호
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• pp.22-27
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• 2004

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is one of most important medicinal herbs in traditional chinese medicine. The object of this study was to determine the effects of the water extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis (SB) on the anxiolytic-like activities in the elevated plus-maze (EPM) test. The watεr extracts of SB (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg) were orally administered to male SD rats for 3 days, and behavioral tests for the anxiolytic activity were performed. SB (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg) significantly increased in time-spent and arm entries into the open arms of the EPM compared with the control group. Futhermore, those anxiolytic-like activities of SB were antagonized by flumazenil (a $GABA_A$ antagonist, 3 mg/kg), but not by pindolol (a $5-HT_{1A}$ antagonist, 10 mg/kg). SB did not cause myorelaxant effects in the horizontal wire test at any dosage regimen. Therefore, these findings suggest that SB promote the anxiolytic-like activity mediated by GABAergic nervous system in rats.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.152-158
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• 2001

In this paper, we have developed an electro discharge machine for micro drilling driven by a voice coil actuator. Because the voltage signal of the electro-discharging circuit shows a lot of peaks and valleys, the active type low-pass filtering technique is adopted to get the average of the signal. Since the motion of the voice coil is precisely controlled by the error value between the object voltage value and the measured one, it is possible to prevent the mechanical contact between the rotating electrode and the workpiece and to maintain the appropriate machining conditions during the process. The electro-chemical machining technology was also adopted to make small diameter electrodes. Pure water is used as a dielectric. The machining procedure is performed to verify the feasibility of the developed system. It takes about 10 seconds to drill the ${\phi}m$100${\mu}m$ hole to the 100${\mu}m$ thickness stainless steel plate. The machining time depends on the values of the resister and the capacitor. There may exist the optimal values of time constant and the tendency is displayed In the appendix.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.224-228
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• 2006

The object of this study is to investigate the potential of dual-electrospun polymer based structure for vascular tissue engineering, especially for the medium or small sue blood vessels. Polyurethane(PU), which is known to be biocompatible in this area, was electrospun with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). Concentration of PU was fixed at 20wt%, while that of PEO was set from 15 to 35wt%. Morphological features were observed by SEM image and measurement of porosity and cellular responses were tested before and after extracting PEO from the hybrid scaffolds by immersing the scaffolds into distilled water. The diameter of PEO fibers were ranged from 200nm to 500nm. The lower concentration of PEO tended to show beads. The porosity of the scaffolds after extracting PEO was highly increased with higher concentration of PEO as expected. Also, higher proliferation rate of smooth muscle cells was observed at higher concentration of PEO than at the lower concentration and without PEO. As conclusions, this dual electrospinning technique combined with PU and PEO is expected to overcome the current barrier of cell penetration by providing more space for cells to proliferation.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 손을 기능적 자세로 만들어주는 새로운 디자인의 보조기를 환자에게 적용하여 손기능에 어떠한 영향을 주는지 알아보고자 하는 것이었다. 새로운 보조기는 엄지와 검지의 샅공간(web space)을 넓히는 새로운 디자인이다. 보조기 착용 후 환자는 엄지 벌림의 자세를 유지할 수 있었고 작은 물건 잡기가 가능하게 되었다. 환자는 손 기능에서 향상을 보였고 Box and Block 검사의 수행이 가능해져 1분에 8개의 블록을 옮길 수 있게 되었다. 그러나 물건에 손바닥의 접촉이 요구는 잡기는 이전보다 더 어려웠고 일상에서 착용시 물이 닿으면 고정되지 못한다는 단점 또한 있었다. 본 연구는 3D 프린팅을 이용한 첫 보조기 적용 연구라는 점에서 의미가 있으며 앞으로 작업치료분야에서 3D 프린팅을 통해 다양한 환자 맞춤형 보조기가 개발될 수 있을 것이라 기대한다.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.137-147
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• 2002

The progress of environmental science and technology in the developed countries has been rapid in recent years. Particularly remarkable has been the advancement of various pollutant control measures, which have brought the pollution of inorganic factors such as air and water under control. In contrast, diversity of the ecosphere, of which man is a part, is being steadily Impoverished and the biological community is getting unvaryingly uniform. These phenomena were brought about by the expansion of artificial environment such as new industrial complexes, transportation facilities and urban development. Man has constructed uniform and artificial environment, believing in the premise of confrontation with nature, to such a scale that the natural environment and biological community have lost their balance. This will increasingly endanger the soundness of the biotic environment of nature, which constitutes the potential foundation both for the survival environment of man as biological entity and for the development of human civilization. In order to guarantee the soundness of man's body, intelligence and sensitivity as wholesome gene Pool on the earth and for the future of man, primarily important environmental education is the understanding of how man can everlasting exist in and with the survival environment. In view of this reality, it is vitally important to create ecologically diverse and well-balanced environment with living materials, i.e., vegetation in order to secure lasting survival environment for man. This task is urgently required in highly artificial environment where non-biological materials have forced the impoverishment of the biological community. Therefore, environmental education for the future should not be totally oriented to technology as that in the past nor it is limited to the medical aspect where well-being of human is the sole object of concern. That is to say, environmental education for the future should be one that provides knowledge that human can understand his place based on the ecological concept and thereby make him to have ethical consciousness that he can control his behavior within the reasonable level for ecological niche who he is located.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제22권
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• pp.223-277
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• 2011

Tan Yuanjie(譚元杰) of CHINA COSTUME ART OF PEKING OPERA("中國京劇服裝圖譜") is 'Foreword' attention from the bar 'Formalism'. A note is makeup system from ever performances here, 'what kind of adaptation must be a corresponding type of costume should be worn.' This stance to 'type of person's identity and faced the scene correlated' with the actual performance tradition plays out is going and, while here the rules to capture the opera's on the character of 'identity and the circumstances under clothing' is defined. This position discussed previously 'Formalism' in line with the will he perform, and looks to meet the elements of production. This basic stance is clean up, while 'Old Beijing Opera costumes costumes taxonomy largely' literary costume' and 'militant outfit' into two groups divided over throughout steamroll surgery, because surely need to have a more systematic classification. The classification system was established as 'Part 1. Mang, Part 2. Pi, Part 3. Xi, Part 4. Kao, Part 5. YI'. In addition to these classification systems, as well as the aforementioned 'object theory' Given the symbolic significance of the capacity to keep in mind is necessary. Costumes conduct, character, situation, atmosphere and so the transport of charged symbols here, a target symbol of the system is the projection of water. This costume is detrimental to the mall for the positionsay, but I kept in mind damwongeolyi internationalization of Chinese culture. when you see the view from the perspective of semiotic systems for the sign, that the theater is necessary to complement. In this paper, 'Yi(衣)' costume on the corresponding point of the target compared to the China Culture Department of Theatre and Folklore methodology ran off and sprinting was to lay the groundwork for research.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2019

The objective of this study is to analyze habitat distribution on tiger, wolf, and leopard in Joseonwangjosilok. Nowaday, we only come to meet these kind of animals at the historical records because of haman-induced habitat encroachment. Historically, extinct animal became an object of game by people. So, we try to get distribution information for restoration on historical extinct animals. We made distribution map by constructing 402 counts on tiger(350), leopard(51) and wolf(1) recordsfrom 14th to Early 20th century for study. Analyzing historical materials, criteria for data analysis took into account objectivity, location information, accuracy for extinct animals. We carried out location identification of animals by using geocoding comparing with geographical name of the Joseon Dynasty period, topographic map of time under the rule of Japanese imperialism, present place name and historical materials. Database items are constructed 20 types for example appearance year of animal, population, location, damage, etc. As a result of analysis for appearance regions, tigers were recorded in capital area of higher density population intensively, and also were frequently seen at Daegu, Andong etc. Leopard and wolf were founded at regionally Gyeonggi-do and Jinju with limitation, relatively seen a few number. The reason of the appearance records like this, tiger prefer game of open and water-front area in near human residential area, there are lots of historical records such as 'Hosang'(mourning someone who killed by Tiger) and hunting. But leopard and wolf inhabit rocky area and dense forest, the reason why they made a few contact with human. Results of this are expect to be applicable restoration research for extinct animal by providing for populations, habitat environments and distribution information.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2021

Objective : The object of this study was to assess the efficacy of hydrolysate from Phellinus igniarius(HPI) on anti-aging activities in vitro measurement and mini clinical study performed on 5 subjects. Methods : To evaluate skin anti-aging efficacy of HPI, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical scavenging activity, type I collagen synthesis, inhibition of nitric oxide(NO) production, inhibiton of tyrosinase, hyaluronan synthase(HAS)2, 3 mRNA expression were measured in vitro. Also, mini clinical study of skin hydration was performed on 5 subjects using HPI in distilled water(DW) and 1,3-butylene glycol diluted solution(30% in DW). Results : 1. DPPH radical scavenging activity of HPI was increased in a dose-dependant. 2. Type I collagen synthesis was increased in 50, 100 and 500㎍/㎖ of HPI. 3. NO production was not inhibited in all concentrations of HPI. 4. Tyrosinase was inhibited in 500, 1000, 2500 and 5000㎍/㎖ of HPI. 5. HAS2 mRNA expression was increased in 50, 100, 150 and 200㎍/㎖ of HPI, HAS3 mRNA expression was increased in 100, 150, and 200㎍/㎖ of HPI. 6. In the mini clinical study of 5 subjects, there was a difference in skin hydration over time for each solutions, but it was not statistically siginificant. Conclusions : HPI increased DPPH radical scavenging activity, type I collagen synthesis, and HAS2, HAS3 mRNA expression. HPI also suppressed tyrosinase. The findings of this study suggest that HPI can be used as an skin anti-aging material.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.173-186
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• 2021

BACKGROUD/OBJECTIVES: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. Due to the increased incidence of dementia, there is a corresponding increase concerning the importance of AD. In this study, we investigated the protective effects conferred by Zizyphus jujuba (Zj) and Zizyphus jujuba fermented by yeast (Zj-Y), on cognitive impairment in an AD mouse model. MATERIALS/METHODS: AD was induced by injecting amyloid beta25-35 (Aβ25-35) in ICR mice, and subsequently 200 mg/kg Zj or Zj-Y was administered daily for 14 days. The cognitive ability of AD mice was observed through behavioral experiments in T-maze, novel object recognition, and Morris water maze tests. We subsequently measured the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase in either tissues or serum. RESULTS: In behavioral tests, deterioration was revealed in the short- and long-term learning and memory functions in the Aβ25-35-injected control group compared to the normal group, indicating that Aβ25-35 injection impairs cognitive functions. However, administration of Zj and Zj-Y improved cognitive function in mice, as compared to the Aβ25-35-injected control mice. In addition, the Aβ25-35 induced elevations of MDA and NO in the brain, kidney, and liver were suppressed after exposure to Zj and Zj-Y. Especially, Zj-Y showed stronger scavenging effect against MDA and NO, as compared to Zj. CONCLUSIONS: Results of the present study indicate that Zj-Y exerts a protective effect on cognitive impairment and memory dysfunction, which is exerted by attenuating the oxidative stress induced by Aβ25-35.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.39-59
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• 2022

How in the Antarctic icefish, generally, and Pseudochaenichthys georgianus, in particular, otoliths increase in size and build new material as the fish ages and passes through different life phases is largely unexplored. Morphometric details of 3418 otoliths of Ps. georgianus from S. Georgia and 318 from S. Shetland, were processed and proportions of the amounts of collagen and aragonite removed by EDTA were determined for different age groups. Microstructural investigations showed that characteristics of the 3-dimensinal collagen net are the reason for the radial direction and orientation of the aragonite needles of approximately 1.0 ㎛ in length in larval and 2.3 ㎛ in length in adult specimens. Earlier generated increment layers from the primordial centre (PC) in the dorsal direction restrict those of the secondary centre (SC), causing new growth layer accretion in different directions. In the otoliths of larval Ps. georgianus, aragonite layers are 0.89 ㎛ wide while in juveniles and adults they measure 1.45-2.86 ㎛. Otoliths change from a sphere shape in the larvae to a longish object of irregular outline in the older stages. It is tentaively suggested that the observed otolith shape differences at distinct growth stages are due to physical effects related to swimming speeds at particular water depths and locations. To confirm that otoliths, apart from being useful for age analyses, could also serve to establish correlations between developmental stage and the oceanic environment the fish spend time in, further analyses using additional species and state-of-the-art methods like µCT imaging to evaluate otolith volumes and shapes are required.