• 환경위생공학
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.111-119
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• 1997

We met the continued population growth, contamination of both surface and groundwaters, deficiency of water resources, and increase of water demand. Wastewater reclamation and reusing system are important facilities in water resources planning aspect. The required water quality for reclamed wastewater varies with each application. This study was conducted to examine the possibilities of the wastewater reclamation and reusing on milk manufacturing wastewater. Biofiltration could reduce the COD$_{Cr}$, NH$_{3}$-N. Turbidty was reduced highly by coagulation. In conclusion, we identified the possibilities of wastewater reclamation and reusing on milk manufacturing wastewater's by biological activated carbon filter.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2013

Reuse of wastewater will intensify in the coming decades due to water shortage, the change of climatic conditions, the need for industrial and agricultural use and the necessity of improving health and environmental conditions for the growing population. This paper considers (a) the status and trends of wastewater reuse and reclamation in the world, (b) case studies of wastewater reuse projects, (c) analysis of technology level, (d) forecast of global market, and (e) the future views and directions in development of wastewater reuse technologies. Based on the available documented literature, this paper provides a review assessment of the current status of the wastewater treatment processes including potential applications for reuse. Key challenges for both wastewater treatment and reuse are also discussed in the paper and include recommendations, e.g. cost, effluent water quality, energy use and technical solutions, for future developments.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.1945-1954
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• 2000

접촉폭기방식 중수도를 설치할 때 발생하는 비용과 편익의 현재가치를 이용한 경제성분석을 통해 서울특별시와 6개 광역시의 지역별 설치규모분석을 수행하였다. 사적 편익을 고려한 접촉폭기방식 중수도의 설치규모는, 가정용일 경우, 부산은 일일 중수사용량이 $500m^3$, 대구는 $1,000m^3$ 및 광주는 $2,000m^3$ 이상일 때 경제성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 서울, 인천, 대전 및 울산은 $3,000m^3$ 이상에서도 경제성이 없어 단독공급 방식보다는 대단지 공동주택의 지역순환방식으로 시설을 설치해야 할 것으로 판단된다. 업무용의 경우 서울, 부산 및 광주는 일일 중수사용량이 $100m^3$ 이상, 대구, 인천, 대전 및 울산은 $300m^3$ 이상일 때 경제성이 있다. 영업용의 경우 서울, 부산, 대구, 광주, 대전 및 울산은 중수사용량이 $100m^3$ 이상이고 인천은 $300m^3$ 이상일 때 경제성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 사회적 편익을 고려한 접촉폭기방식 중수도의 설치규모는 일일 중수사용량이 $100m^3$ 이상일 때 경제성을 갖는 것으로 나타났다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2010

This study was performed to increase the removal efficiency of the biofilter packed with granular sulfur in municipal wastewater reclamation facility. Constituent units were influent water tank, denitrification tank, BOD reduction tank and outlet. And, the major operation factor is a biofilter packed with submerged granular sulfur. Actual wastewater and synthetic wastewater were used as influent wastewater. Experimental condition was divided into two phases according to the amount of a phosphorus coagulant. Total phosphorus removal efficiency was insignificant at mode I that phosphorus coagulant was not injected. The average influent and effluent total phosphorus concentrations at mode II were 0.5 ~ 1.0 mg/L and 0.27 mg/L, respectively. As for COD and BOD effluent concentrations, COD was 3.0 mg/L and BOD was 1.0 mg/L. Additionally, nitrogen removal rates were high at low influent DO concentration. In conclusion, a new process, biofilter packed with granular sulfur is expected to treat high-rate nitrogen wastewater and expected to be utilized as an alternative of technological innovation for the nitrogen treatment.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권5호
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• pp.717-722
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• 2013

The wastewater reclamation and reusing system has been rising as an alternative of water resource exhaustion that the whole world is experiencing. In order to be able to bring about improvement of the existing wastewater reclamation and reusing system, this research has developed of Conversion-Human Machine Interaction (C-HMI) based real-time control and monitoring system such as a sensor module and gate module, web monitoring system. This system was communication almost-error-free in various environment and situation. As a result, we have achieved our goal that has to doing work correctly as a sensor and gateway module that communication error is less than 0.2% throughout the embodied system and add that it can be easily controled and configured as an interface equipment to a complex sensor of water quality. According to this, the construction of a database capable of analyzing and assessing collection, storage and various elements of reliable water quality and flow rate data can be possible.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate applicability of pretreatment on the existing biological treatment for domestic wastewater reclamation. From Jar Tests, it was found that optimum dosage of coagulant was PAC 0.5mg/L and $FeCl_3$ 180mg/L for urban sewage. In this study, PAC 0.5mg/L was selected considering sludge production and the amount of coagulant required. In a continuous experiment performed with combining chemical coagulation and biological treatment, a considerable removal efficency was obtained in term of BOD, SS, T-N, T-P and ABS. When the raw sewage was supplied into the pre-chamical treatment facility, the removal of BOD and SS was 48.3% and 81.1%. However T-N removal was very low which means T-N consists of $NH_3-N$ mostly. T-P was almost completely recluced by the chemical addition. The effluent BOD & SS was 57~76 and 21~43mg/L, which could reduce the size of biological treatment facility. From the cost estimation pre-chemical treatment could save around half of the area required for biological treatment with post ceagulation.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.175-177
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• 2006

• 수도
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• 통권69호
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• pp.74-96
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• 1994

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to enhance of the Discfilter process (maximum treatment capacity - 500 ton/day) removal efficiency for small-scale wastewater reclamation under various influent wastewater conditions (with / without coagulation process, coagulant content and temperature). The result of chemical resistance test for fiber filter in the Discfilter that weight loss was obtained with 0.535% under pH 3, 0.092% under pH 9 and 0.028% under 10% NaClO. The removal efficiency test of Discfilter process on the with / without coagulation process showed that with coagulation process condition was occurred COD_Mn of 42.26 ± 0.61, BOD₅ of 88.72 ± 0.44, T-P of 84.67 ± 0.72 and SS of 90.58 ± 0.61. The removal efficiency of Discfilter process on the coagulant content (4.5, 5.0 and 5.0 mL/min) and temperature (< 10℃, 10℃~ 20℃ and > 20℃) conditions were increased as coagulant content and temperature increased. This study demonstrated the potential application of Discfilter process for small-scale wastewater reclamation.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2016

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) and reverse osmosis (RO) membrane system was applied to the treatment and reclamation of textile wastewater in Thailand. An experiment was carried out to determine the fouling behavior and effect of anti-scalant and biocide addition to flux decline and its recovery through chemical cleaning. The RO unit was operated for one month after which the fouled membranes were cleaned by sequential chemical cleaning method. RO flux was found rapidly declined during initial period and only slightly decreased further in long-term operation. The main foulants were organic compounds and thus sequential cleaning using alkaline solution followed by acid solution was found to be the most effective method. The provision of anti-scalant and biocide in feed-water could not prevent deposition of foulant on the membrane surface but helped improving the membrane cleaning efficiencies.