• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.2491-2502
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• 2014

The main objective of this study is to find out the main fields and methods to create a low carbon green city. Through the findings, we hope to figure out the matters that must be focused on in order to realize a low carbon green city. In order to accomplish this, we organized the main fields and methods of fulfilling this accomplishment by taking a look at recorded documents and past studies related to the creation of low carbon green cities and related concepts. Then a FGI analysis was performed in order to examine suitability and deduct a planning technique. Also, through professional surveys and AHP analysis, we figured out the importance of planning techniques to understand the main characteristics of planning a low carbon green city. We also selected domestic and foreign cases, analysed the actual conditions of applying the deducted planning techniques, and compared the importance of planning techniques in order to see the difference between our plans and real results. 15 planning techniques were deducted and divided into 5 groups. The importance analysis and case analysis showed the following to be the main elements in planning the creation of a low carbon green city: compact high-density development, a traffic system revolving around pedestrians, active utilization of new and renewable energy, and establishment of a recycling system for waste.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.61-79
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• 2010

As the interest and the importance of environmental protection increases rapidly, the environment considers to be not only the item that requires a control and a duty fundamental element but the fundamental element to enhance the internection icompetitiveness n so. Along with the collapse of the foreign trade barrier and the quality improvement of a customer's life qu life of a an object is shortened liforder to sectsfy the customer's lemands and as the result of it quaother critical issues rmparding the waste treatment and recasles are now thought to be momentou onlyaddition to the issue of the greenhou e gases reduction that is considered as one of me q issues among many internection ienvironmental issues. To keep up the pace with the environmental flow qube notd countries have nlreal iput their attempts to solve this environmental problems through a number of rmpulactios and acctios and they have showed a great concern for it as it is an internection iproblem that they should aasroaeronlythe aspect of not just a compan isr a country but of the wte e globn ivillage. Sueroenvironmental flow alemaned the logistic stratmpy of a compan iand it brought up the demand for the reverse logistics in a supply chain. For the reason above, the concept of reverse logistics and classification, the comparison with any similar concepts and its necessity are studied in this research through the theoretical consideration and the current state of the reverse logistics is organized in this research by acknowledging the domestic development process and the properties regarding the recycles of resources. In addition, the way to apply to the nation was investigated by comparing with the environmentalism development process, the reverse logistics policies and examples of advanced countries in logistics. The research proposed building of intimate cooperative system between a shipper and logistic service provider for the reverse logistics throughout the whole supply chain, the financial support, amendment of regulations, support Eco-friendly logistic technology development and the propagation, effective logistic system development and others and it is expected to bring a significant meaning to the reverse logistic policy and operation later on.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.571-577
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• 2012

In this study, a small movable batch treatment system for dredging soil deposited in a rain water tube is proposed; further, a vacuum silo sorting separation device with a vacuum silo, first-stage sorting separator, and conveyor is designed. The vacuum silo sorting separation device also consists of a storage tank, transferring screw, vacuum gate, screen bar, screen bar cleaner, and vacuum discharging device. In view of the fact that the flow of drawn air in the storage tank is a major factor influencing the sorting separation performance, the optimum shape of the tank is determined by CFD flow analysis. In addition, by using CAE structure analysis, the safety of a storage tank made of boards is examined. The specifications of the vacuum silo sorting separation device are determined by conducting mechanical and dynamic simulations of the driving mechanism of the vacuum silo sorting separation device through 3D-CAD modeling. Following this study, we will design a drum-screen-type second sorter, a decanter-type dehydration device, and waste water tank and pump as a secondary device. Further, on the basis of this design, we will construct a prototype model and carry out a field test.

• Clean Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.119-128
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• 2002

In the present study the membrane filtration characteristics of a commercially available synthetic water-based cutting oil through two kinds of ultrafiltration membranes (HF1-45-CM50 and HF1-43-CM100) with molecular weight cut-offs of 50,000 and 100,000, respectively, have been investigated in detail. Among these membranes, the hydrophilic one (HF1-45-CM50) was found to show a satisfactory result for both the permeate flux and the permeability of oil components, whereas the permeate flux obtained with the hydrophobic membrane (HF1-43-CM100) appears to be significantly low, indicating that synthetic cutting oil was easily wetted on the hydrophobic membrane surface and induced more membrane fouling. The effect of material characteristics of the membrane on the filtration characteristics was found to be much more significant compared with the mean pore size of the membrane. Backflushing by nitrogen gas was applied to reduce the formation of a gel layer and membrane fouling. With the hydrophilic membrane, the backflushing was found to increase the permeate flux, whereas the backflushing resulted in a decrease in flux for the hydrophobic membrane. The flux recovery was observed to be highest when the membranes fouled with waste synthetic cutting oil were immersed into a cleaning solution for more than 72 hours and then backflushed by nitrogen gas.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.478-482
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• 2021

In this paper, methods for manufacturing shielding concrete by recycling steelmaking slag discarded as industrial waste and measuring the shielding effectiveness of the shielding concrete were studied. By comparing the result of shielding effectiveness measurement of this concrete block with shielding effectiveness measurement of the structure constructed with this concrete, the measurement system for measuring shielding effectiveness of the concrete block was verified. The size of the concrete stru ctu re is 2.9 × 2.9 × 3.4m and the concrete block is 0.3 × 0.3 × 0.2m. The frequ ency band u sed for mesu rement is 600MHz - 2GHz, the types of concrete u sed to measu re the shielding effectiveness are general concrete and concrete containing electric arc furnace oxidizing slag. In the case of the concrete structure, reinforcing rebars are installed at intervals of 15cm for stru ctu ral safety, as the frequ ency increase, the electromagnetic wave properties of rebars gradu ally decreased, there was a slight difference in the measurement results. In conclusion, the measurement result of shielding effectiveness of the concrete block is similar to the result of the concrete structure. It is thought that it can be sufficiently utilized for electromagnetic wave engineering design, and the concrete shielding effectiveness measurement system using standard specimens was verified.

• Journal of Korean Society of societal Security
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.73-78
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• 2011

In order to resolve the problem of change in global climate which is worsening as days go by and to preemptively cope with strengthened restriction on carbon emission, the government enacted 'Framework Act on Low Carbon Green Growth' in 2010 and selected green technology and green industry as new national growth engines. For this reason, the necessity to use the un-utilized waste heat across the whole industrial system has become an issue, and studies on and applications of recycling in the agricultural and fishery fields such as cultivation of tropical crops and flatfishes by utilizing the waste heat and thermal effluent generated by large industrial complexes including power plants are being actively carried out. In this study, we looked into the domestic and overseas examples of having utilized waste heat abandoned in the form of power plant thermal effluent, and carried out economic efficiency evaluation of sturgeon aquaculture utilizing thermal effluent of Yeongwol LNG Combined Cycle Power Plant in Gangwon-do. In this analysis, we analyzed the economic efficiency of a model business plan divided into three steps, starting from a small scale in order to minimize the investment risk and financial burden, which is then gradually expanded. The business operation period was assumed to be 10 years (2012~2021), and the NVP (Net Present Value) and economic efficiency (B/C) for the operation period (10 years) were estimated for different loan size by dividing the size of external loan by stage into 80% and 40% based on the basic statistics secured through a site survey. Through the result of analysis, we can see that reducing the size of the external loan is an important factor in securing greater economic efficiency as, while the B/C is 1.79 in the case the external loan is 80% of the total investment, it is presumed to be improved to 1.81 when the loan is 40%. As the findings of this study showed that the economic efficiency of sturgeon aquaculture utilizing thermal effluent of power plant can be secured, it is presumed that regional development project items with high added value can be derived though this, and, in addition, this study will greatly contribute to reinforcement of the capability of local governments to cope with climate change.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.72-81
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to verify whether SCB(Slurry Composting & Bio-filtration) system can be applied for the treatment of anaerobic digestion(AD) wastewater and also, to identify the most effective set among three filtration compost beds tested. Results can be summarized as these; (a) When AD wastewater was sprayed on the top of beds which were mainly composed of sawdust and/or other media and, subsequently, filtrates collected and analyzed, there were large drop in the values of Electric Conductivity(EC), Total Suspended Solid(TSS), Biochemical Oxygen Demand(BOD), and Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD). In contrast, Total Nitrgen(T-N) and Total Phosphorus(T-P) were progressively elevated. We consider these changes as positive if the filtrate are to be utilized as liquid fertilizer. (b) When three sets of filtration beds (T1, T2, T3) were compared for their effectiveness, no significant difference was found among them. These indicate that expensive sawdust can be replaced in part with cheaper media such as woodchip, rice husks, or others. (c) At early stage of operation (within 20 days), BOD in filtrates were maintained at high level probably due to the lack of microbial activity. During the same stage, T-N, T-P was at low level but, were elevated to higher levels thereafter. These data, when combined, indicate that the filtration system needs at least a couple of weeks for the optimized microbial functioning. (d) The temperatures of the experimental beds were progressively dropped as the experiment continued through the fall season, although filtration effectiveness was not noticeably influenced.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.19-29
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• 1994

A large volume of paper mill sludge(PMS) is produced every day from paper industries after treatments of waste water and it costs too much to dispose of the sludge. Since PMS consists mostly of biodegradable organic matter, cellulose, it is desirable to recycle it by proper treatments such as composting. In this study, experiments were conducted using a small scale reactor(12l) to establish optimum conditions for efficient composting of PMS of which initial pH, C/N ratio, and moisture content were 7.1, 28~30, and 60~65%, respectively. No heavy metals such as mercury, cadmimum, and lead were not detected in the PMS. Various levels of forced aeration, 1 minute aeration per every 30, 60, 120, 240, and 480 minutes were applied and 1 minute aeration per 60 and 120 minutes found to be proper for composting of 8l PMS in this system. Relationship between $CO_2$ production and temperatures was positively correlated with r> 0.82 suggesting that the normal decomposition of PMS by microorganisms occurred. However, under the condition of aeration interval over than 240 minutes, a negative relationship between two parameters was found indicating the occurrence of abnormal(maybe anaerobic) degradation. The amount of added nitrogen also affected composting of PMS resulting in the increase of $CO_2$ production and temperature. Semi-field tests using 100kg PMS in a static pile sysem showed that PMS could be composted efficiently under optimal environmental conditions. The parameters determining efficiency of composting such as C/N ratio, aeration, moisture content, and pH need to be monitored.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.376-387
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• 2020

Objectives: This study is aimed at offering basic data for making plans for offensive odor management after researching offensive odor occurrence and characteristics in Gangwon Province. Methods: The data used in the study is based on offensive odor data analyzed by the Gangwon Institute of Health and Environment from 2012 to 2019. The data were reclassified by year, month, facility, and region to identify characteristics of occurrence. Finally, a distribution map of offensive odors was created using ArcGIS. Results: The highest monthly frequency of offensive odor occurrence falls in June, August, and July, and the summer season and third quarter are the highest. According to the latest eight-year data for Gangwon Province, complaints about offensive odors in county areas are more frequent than those in city areas. There are many offensive odor complaints in Wonju, Cheorwon, and Heongsung. The main offensive odor emission facilities are livestock and waste treatment (recycling) facilities. Complaints about offensive odors are relatively lower the Yeongdong area than Yeongseo area, which is considered to be the result of characteristics of land-sea breezes and geographical factors. Offensive odors from livestock facilities count for an average of 53.9% of the total, and the inadequacy rate of livestock facilities averages 36.9%. Conclusions: To maintain a clean environment in Gangwon Province, it is strongly recommended that an offensive odor reduction plan for livestock facilities be established. Areas with a high density of offensive odor occurrence should be identified and systematically managed with short- and mid-term measures. If offensive odors is managed using GIS, it is possible to identify the characteristics of occurrence by time and space and also by facility. In addition, since systematic data management is possible, it is believed that a rapid response to offensive odors, prediction of their spread, and efficient management are possible.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.53-58
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• 2013

The design for horizontal drain layer on soft ground starts from the decision that the material could be used or not, by verifying material condition in permeability of horizontal drain material according to the weight percent of the dry soil retained on #200 sieve. In the next step of the design, we estimate the thickness of horizontal drain layer to confirm trafficability of heavy machinery in construction work. Successively, the long-term functionality for good drainage of horizontal drain layer is checked and if needed, some means are considered. In this study, the system to recycle mixed coal ash in ash pond successfully as a horizontal drain material on soft ground is presented through the process and the result of its practical construction work. Namely, the pact is confirmed that mixed coal ash in ash pond should be sorted out by sieve screen to a certain extent and the remainders of this mixed coal ash on sieve openings be recycled, because the amount of finer particles than $75{\mu}m$ contained in mixed coal ash in ash pond is quite massive and irregular depending on the coal power plant or the location in same ash pond. In order to sort at large scale in situ, the dimension of a sieve squre hole and the sort-out method, etc. should be decided before the sort-out process. And, it is described that we need to manufacture classifier to sort out mixed coal ash in ash pond, too.