• Title/Summary/Keyword: Waste gas

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Co-Gasification of Woodchip and Plastic Waste for Producing Fuel Gas (연료용 합성가스 생산을 위한 바이오매스와 폐플라스틱의 혼합가스화)

  • Hong, Seong-Gu
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.54 no.3
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    • pp.75-80
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    • 2012
  • Gasification is a therm-chemical conversion process to convert various solid fuels into gaseous fuels under limited supply of oxygen in high temperature environment. Considering current availability of biomass resources in this country, the gasification is more attractive than any other technologies in that the process can accept various combustible solid fuels including plastic wastes. Mixed fuels of biomass and polyethylene pellets were used in gasification experiments in this study in order to assess their potential for synthesis gas production. The results showed that higher reaction temperatures were observed in mixed fuel compared to woodchip experiments. In addition, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and methane concentrations were increased in the synthesis gas. Heating values of the synthesis gas were also higher than those from woodchip gasification. There are hundred thousand tons of agricultural plastic wastes generated in Korea every year. Co-gasification of biomass and agricultural plastic waste would provide affordable gaseous fuels in rural society.

Preliminary Evaluation of Leachate Recirculation Anaerobic Digestion System to treat Source Separated Food Waste (침출수 순환형 음식물류 폐기물 혐기성 소화공법에 대한 초기 특성 파악)

  • Lee, Byonghi;Lee, Jeseung
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.50-61
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    • 2013
  • In order to generate a renewable energy-Methane, anaerobic systems fed with source separated food waste from university cafeteria were studied. At first, four reactors were evaluated with same feed components; content non-mixing anaerobic reactor without leachate withdrawal/recirculation, content mixing anaerobic reactor without leachate withdrawal/recirculation, content non-mixing anaerobic reactor with leachate withdrawal/recirculation and content mixing anaerobic reactor with leachate withdrawal/recirculation. From the first study, content non-mixing anaerobic reactor with leachate withdrawal/recirculation showed the highest gas production. From further study with this system, it was observed that leachate permeation rate within anaerobic reactor was very important factor for gas generation. The higher permeation rate, the more gas production was observed. It is assumed that 1kg of gas collector weight and C/N ration above 10 in food waste may cause gas consumption in the anaerobic reactor. The gas consumption was estimated by negative pressure build-up at gas collector. The negative pressure build-up must be explained to produce Methane from Food Waste.

An Experimental Study on the Possibility of Biogas Reforming using the Waste Heat of a Small-Sized Gas Engine Generator (소형 가스엔진 발전기의 배기가스 폐열을 이용한 바이오가스 개질 가능성에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Cha, Hyo-Seok;Kim, Tae-Soo;Eom, Tae-Jun;Jung, Choong-Soo;Chun, Kwang-Min;Song, Soon-Ho
    • Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.236-242
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    • 2012
  • This study has been carried out the experiment for the possibility of biogas reforming using waste heat. The source of this waste heat is the exhaust gas from a small-sized gas engine generator. For recovering the waste heat, Two-stage heat exchanger is manufactured. The two-stage heat exchanger is composed of a heat exchanger for the exhaust gas and a heat exchanger for the water. This two-stage heat exchanger is used for reforming the biogas by means of on-site hydrogen production at the small-sized gas engine generator. The two-stage heat exchanger is coupled with the biogas reformer which is a kind of catalytic reformer. To confirm a heat recovery efficiency of the two-stage heat exchanger, temperature differences of inlet and outlet locations are measured. Also, the variations of syngas concentrations with various biogas flow rates are investigated. As a result using manufactured two-stage heat exchanger, the biogas can be reformed from waste heat recovery. This experiment suggests that the exhaust gas heat exchanger is available for reforming the biogas.

Thermal and Flow Analysis of Organic Rankine Cycle System Pipe Line for 250 kW Grade Waste Gas Heat Recovery (250kW급 폐열회수 시스템용 유기랭킨사이클 배관 열유동해석에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Kyoung Su;Bang, Se Kyoung;Seo, In Ho;Lee, Sang Yun;Yi, Chung Seob
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.26-33
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    • 2019
  • This study is a thermal and flow analysis of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) pipe line for 250 kW grade waste gas heat recovery. We attempted to obtain the boundary condition data through the process design of the ORC, which can produce an electric power of 250 kW through the recovery of waste heat. Then, we conducted a simulation by using STAR-CCM+ to verify the model for the pipe line stream of the 250 kW class waste heat recovery system. Based on the results of the thermal and flow analyses of each pipe line applied to the ORC system, we gained the following conclusion. The pressure was relatively increased at the pipe outside the refracted part due to the pipe shape. Moreover, the heat transfer amount of the refrigerant gas line is relatively higher than that of the liquid line.

Radiation Heat Flux and Combustion Characteristics of Inverse Diffusion Flame Burner Using Synthesis Gas, Part 1 : Air-Fuel Combustion (합성가스를 이용한 역확산버너의 연소 및 복사열전달 특성, Part 1 : 공기-연료 연소)

  • Lee, Pil-Hyong;Park, Chang-Soo;Lee, Jae-Young;Park, Bong-Il;Hwang, Sang-Soon;Lee, Sung-Ho;Anh, Yong-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.33-40
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    • 2009
  • Waste Thermal Pyrolysis Melting process was proposed and has been studied in order to prevent air pollution by dioxin and fly ash generated from combustion process for disposal of waste. In this study, applicability as the fuel of diffusion burner of synthesis gas formed from Waste Thermal Pyrolysis process was addressed. Results showed that there is no big difference in the flame shape between MNDF and SNDF, and lift off was detected in MIDF but flame is more stable in SIDF which contains hydrogen with high combustion velocity as flow rate in first nozzle is increased. And radiation heat flux in inverse diffusion flame of synthesis gas was found to be more by 1.5 times than that in inverse diffusion flame of methane because of higher mole fraction of $CO_2$ with high emissivity in product gas.

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The Study on Methane Gas Generation Rate from Chon-An Beck-Suk Landfill Site (천안백석매립장을 중심으로 한 메탄가스 발생량에 관한 연구)

  • Jeong, Jin Do;Kim, Jang U;Jeong, In Gwon;Bae, Chan Yeol
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.13 no.7
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    • pp.697-701
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    • 2004
  • Most of methane gas result from waste matter in landfill, therefore the persons concerned take an increasing interest in management of gases in landfill. Infrared Gas Analyzer was used to measure components of gases, $CH_4,$ $CO_2,$ $O_2,$ through gas exhausted pipe. To measure amount of the gas flow meter(Portable Hot-Line Current Meter) was used and it was set at right angles with direction of the flow. In this research the total amount of methane gas produced in Beck-Suk Landfill was calculated through FOD method suggested by IPCC. This research found that in Chon-An Beck-Suk Landfill anaerobic resolution was made actively and the amount of methane gas produced there was 54.14%, which is higher than common figure, 50%, in other researches. The components of reclaimed waste matter, especially, organic waste matter can have a great effect of the amount of the greenhouse gases produced in landfill. We can expect that the amount of greenhouse gas will decrease from 2005, when it will be prohibited from carrying kitchen refuse and sludge into landfill.

Operating Characteristics of Pilot Scale Multi-Staged Waste Pyrolysis & Gasification System (파일럿 규모의 폐기물 다단열분해 가스화시스템의 운전특성)

  • Lee, Jeong-Woo;Yu, Tae-U;Bang, Byeong-Ryeol;Moon, Ji-Hong;Lee, Jae-Uk;Park, Sang-Shin;Kim, Nack-Joo
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2009.11a
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    • pp.331-335
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    • 2009
  • A novel multi-staged waste pyrolysis & gasification system of pilot scale (~1 ton/day) is designed and constructed in Korea Institute of Industrial Technology. The pyrolysis & gasification system is composed of pyrolysis & gasification system, syngas reformer, syngas cleaning system, gas engine power generation system and co-combustion system. For each unit process, experimental approaches have been conducted to find optimal design and operating conditions. As a result, We can produce syngas with a calorific value of ~4000 kcal/$Nm^3$ and cold gas efficiency of the system is more than 55 % in case of waste plastic and oxygen as a gasifying agent.

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Decomposition of Liquid Wastes(Waste Oil & Solvents) under High Temperature Conditions (산업단지 발생 액상폐기물(폐유와 폐유기용제)의 고온연소 특성)

  • Kim, Min-Choul;Lee, Jae-Jeong;Suk, Min-Kwang;Lee, Gang-Woo;Shon, Byung-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.10 no.12
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    • pp.3761-3767
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    • 2009
  • This study was investigated to determine the combustion characteristics, decomposition efficiency, and the flue gas concentrations after combustion in the high temperature reactor($1,250{\sim}1,400^{\circ}C$, 1 atm) for the liquid wastes(waste oil and waste solvent) generated from the industrial complex. The concentration of nitrogen oxide(NOx) is decreased and the synthetic gas is increased when the mass ratio of $O_2$/waste is about 1.53 because the reaction condition was changed to reduction state. And BTEXs(benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene) are decomposed more than 99.99%. If the highly concentrated liquid waste (waste oil and waste solvent) is treated under the operating conditions suggested by this study, our treatment method for the liquid waste was found to be proper because of the contaminants emission concentration is very low. In addition, the synthetic gas after combustion can be used as an alternative fuel.

The Study of distribution relationship of dioxin isomers in some environmental matrix (몇 가지 환경 시료 중에 함유된 다이옥신류 이성질체들의 분포에 대한 상관성 연구)

  • Kim, Yunje;Jun, Myung Yoon
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.18 no.5
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    • pp.419-424
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    • 2005
  • In recent years, dioxins which were designated as persistent organic pollutants and endocrine disrupters are treated as substance of environmental pollution and studied about human health risk assessment, emission pollutants estimation, analytical methods and so on. It is easy that dioxins are accumulated to soil because of the atmosphere circulation of burning up the waste. This is the comparative studies on the distribution relationship of dioxin isomers in exhausted gas of industrial waste and urban waste incinerators, ambient air and soil. A basis of PCDDs and PCDFs based on OCDD was drawn up to the curve and they correspond to dioxin isomers in exhausted gas of industrial waste and urban waste incinerators and ambient air. On comparing these results, It was found that the ambient air and exhausted gas of industrial waste incinerators were very similar in curve and ratio. Consequently, environmental by exposed dioxin depends on the exhausted gas of industrial waste incinerators than urban waste incinerators. In case of soil, even though we can not completely rule out the possibility of pollution source bring on pesticide and other factors, and naturally biological dissociations, the curve shape is very similar to exhausted gas of industrial waste incinerators and ambient air. So, we inform here that it was mainly caused by these environmental factors.

SO$_2$ and NOx Reaction Characteristics of Waste Clam Sorbent in Fixed Bed Reactor

  • Jung, Jong-Hyeon;Shon, Byung-Hyun;Yoo, Kyung-Sun;Kim, Hyun-Gyu;Lee, Gang-Woo;Kim, Young-Sik
    • Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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    • 2003.06a
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    • pp.152-156
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    • 2003
  • Air pollution problems due to the emission of pollutants from the various industrial facilities become serious issues and lots of air pollution control processes have been developed. To remove the SO$_2$ and NOx emitted from the solid waste incinerator and coal fired power plants, we studied the Ca-based sorbent which was prepared by waste clam and limestone. The objectives of this study were to develop a clam-based sorbent for removal of SO$_2$ and NOx, and to investigate the physicochemical properties of the waste clam sorbent. In order to determine acid gas removal capacity of sorbent, the batch study on SO$_2$ and NOx removal was performed with the Ca-based sorbent in the fixed bed reactor. Results of the research revealed that clam-based sorbent can be used as the iron-manufacturing industry and chemical adsorbents for the removal of acid gases because the lime content of the waste calm was more than 53.92%. From physicochemical analysis and gas reaction experiments, it could be concluded that clam is good sorbent for the removal of SO$_2$ and NOx in waste incinerator and flue gas desulfurization processes.

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