• KSBB Journal
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.351-357
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• 1993

펄프 폐수처리를 위한 효과적인 생물학적 처리법 으로서 세 가지 고정화 방법과 자유균체를 이용한 방법을 사용하여 실험하였다. 균체로서는 Phaηe­r rochaete chrysosporium을 이용하였다. 고정화방법 중 Ca-alginate gel을 담체로 샤용한 방법이 가장 우수하였다. 이 방법은 안정성과 처리 효율변에서 좋은 결과를 보였으며, 약 400시간 동안 균체의 커다란 상태변화없이 반응시킬 수 있었다. 다른 고정화 방법들과 자유균체를 이용한 방법들 의 가장 큰 문제점은 생물 반응기 안에서의 공기 c channelling 현상에 의한 산소전달 저항과 균체끼리 의 clogging으로 인한 반응기 내부의 제어가 힘들게 된 것이었다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2007

The seed paper was used in farm field recently for a sound young plant. The most of seed paper are made of synthetic non-woven sheet. Therefore, it is very difficult to bio-degrade in soil and is very hard to have some special function, for example keeping herbicide and/or insecticide activity because of its lack of chemical acceptability. The purpose of this research is manufacture of seedling paper which have a function of herbicide activity from waste paper. The fiber properties from waste paper were remarkably improved by fine removal with washing and/or flotation process. The paper-making ability for seed paper was enhanced with enzyme treatment of secondary fibers. The paper for seedling must have a good bio-degradation ability in soils. The absorption amount of chemical like as dithiopyr was increased remarkably in enzyme treated base paper. The embossing treatment of base paper was very effective for seed attachment and chemicals retention. And also, the developed seed paper showed a good penetration property of young root through embossed paper.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.65-98
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• 2022

The nuclear legacy that remains in the United Kingdom (UK) is complex and diverse. Consisting of legacy ponds and silos, redundant reprocessing plants, research facilities, and non-standard or one-off reactor designs, the clean-up of this legacy is under the stewardship of the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA). Through a mix of prompt and delayed decommissioning strategies, the NDA has made great strides in dealing with the UK's nuclear legacy. Fuel debris and sludge removal from the legacy ponds and silos situated at Sellafield, as part of a prompt decommissioning strategy for the site, has enabled intolerable risks to be brought under control. Reactor defueling and waste retrievals across the Magnox fleet is enabling their transition to a period of care and maintenance; accelerated through the adopted 'Lead and Learn' approach. Bespoke decommissioning methods implemented by the NDA have also enabled the relevant site licence companies to tackle non-standard reactor designs and one-off wastes. Such approaches have potential to influence and shape nuclear decommissioning decision making activities globally, including in Korea.

• 분석과학
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.436-443
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• 2005

활성탄 미분을 용액계에 분산하므로 수반 되는 결과를 고찰하기 위하여 칼륨처리 미분 활성탄의 물리적 성질과 그들에 응용에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 오염수로부터 오염물질의 촉매적 제거 효율을 연구하기 위하여 분산매로써 두 종류의 칼륨 미분 활성탄을 사용하였다. 칼륨염을 포함하는 수용액내에서 처리된 활성탄 시료로부터 얻어진 표면 특성화를 위하여, 흡착 등온곡선 형태, SEM, EDX 및 표면 기능기 변화 등을 주된 연구 대상으로 하였다. pH 변화에 따른 칼륨 미분 활성탄을 오염수에 분산하여 색도, COD, T-N 및 T-P 등에 대하여 제거 효율을 연구하였다. 칼륨 미분 활성탄을 처리한 오염수에 대한 네 가지 요소 제거 결과로부터, pH 6~8의 범위에서 만족할 만한 제거 효율이 얻어 졌다. 본 연구로부터 칼륨 처리 미분 활성탄의 분산에 의한 오염물질의 제거 효율이 흡착 특성 및 촉매적 효율에 의하여 입증되었다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.274-283
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• 2011

Effect of pH on ozone oxidation and peroxone AOP(Advanced Oxidation Process) process was analyzed and the optimal efficiency for both processes was obtained at pH 7.5. In case of ozone oxidation process, the efficiencies of color, $COD_{Mn}$ and $BOD_5$ removal were measured to 93%, 70% and 89% at a reaction time of 50 min(ozone dosage of 111.67mg/$\ell$). When reaction time increased to 90 min(ozone dosage of 201mg/$\ell$), the efficiencies of color, $COD_{Mn}$ and $BOD_5$ removal were increased by 3~5 %, indicating that the increment of removal efficiency was insignificant considering longer reaction time. Similarly, the ozone/$H_2O_2$ ratio was optimized to 0.5 for peroxone AOP process. Removal efficiencies of color, $COD_{Mn}$ and $BOD_5$ were measured 95%, 81% and 94% at a reaction time of 50 min(ozone dosage of 111.67mg/$\ell$). When reaction time increased to 90min(ozone dosage of 201mg/$\ell$), the removal efficiency of color, CODMn, and BOD5 increased slightly by 1~5%.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.45-55
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• 1996

An experimental research was conducted in order to study the combined treatment o of municipal landfill leachate and municipal sewage. The landfill leachate was that of Nanjido landfill site, and the municipal sewage was that of Chungnang municipal sewage treatment plant in Seoul. Several sets of bench~scale sequencing batch reactor(SBR) were used as e experimental apparatus. Specially investigated items in this experiment were the removal efficiency of substrate and the influence of treatment time. The experiment lasted for about 2 years. The result are as follows ; 1. The characteristics of leachate were pH 7.5~8.2, BOD 80~336mg/L, COD 908~1,460mg/L, NH3-N 1,409~2,330mg/L, T~P 2.7~7.lmg/L, Cl~3,540~4,085mg/L, a and heavy metals are a very small amount. And the characteristics of sewage were pH 6.9~7.3, BOD 78.4~129.3mg/L, COD 121.2~305.0mg/L, T~N 14.9~36.4mg/L, T-P 2.3~8.9mg/L. 2. The treatability of leachate alone was not treat well. So for the good treatment of leachate, it was necessary to deal with the pretreatment before bi이ogical treatment and a combined treatment of municipal sewage. 3. The various contents of the leachate were 5%, 10%, 30%, and 50%, and the removal efficiency of COD was 86.0%, 82.8%, 60.6%, and 31.7%. The maximum content of the leachate which could be sucessfully treated by SBR in the combined treatment was 10% of that of sewage. And the removal efficiency of COD increased n notably, as its treatment time increased. 4. The various contents of the electrolytic treated leachate were 5%, 10%, 30%, and 50%, and the removal efficiency of COD was 89.9%, 86.1%, 79.2%, and 69.8%. The maximum content of the leachate which could be sucessfully treated by SBR in the combined treatment was 30 % of that of sewage. And the removal efficiency of C COD increased notably, as its treatment time increased.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 1997년도 심포지움시리즈 Jan-97 수처리용 분리막 기술 및 응용
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• pp.55-62
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• 1997

In Japan, the membrane filtration is becoming a common technology for municipal water supply system especially for small plant. 6 years before (1991), the national research project of membrane filtration for small plant has started. The project was named as "MAC 21", MEMBRANE AQUA CENTURY 21. In the project the Ministry of Health and Welfare, 8 universities and 18 water treatment plant companies have been involved. This was the first attempt to research a common theme in joint with government, universities and private companies. After three years, the guide line for membrane filtration application for small plant has been established. This has promoted to install some actual plant. And also, another joint research for "RESEARCH OF MEMBRANE FILTRATION FOR ADVANCED WATER TREATMENT" has started in 1994 and completed in March, 1997. The project was named as MAC21. In the former project the main objectives were removal of turbidity and bacteria from water. However, in new project the objective was establishment of the further advanced membrane filtration technology which would be applicable for trace chemical components removal such as tri-halo-methane pre-courser, agricultural chemicals removal, offensive smell and taste removal and virus removal. For the objectives, application of nanofiltration and hybrid-system, a combination of micro-filtration ultra-filtration with biological, ozone and activated carbon treatment process have been studied. In addition, application of membrane filtration for treatment of back-wash waste water originated from membrane filters and conventional sand filters has.been studied. At the end of March of this year, about 30 membrane filtration plants are actually supplying the water, the total treatment capacity is about 6,000 m$^{3}$/day and another 20 will be installed within one year.led within one year.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.2390-2395
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• 2009

공간속도 $30000\;hr^{-1}$에서 Fe/ZSM-5 촉매의 $SiO_2/Al_2O_3$ 몰비가 감소함에 따라 $NO_x$ 제거 수율은 증가하였다. Fe/ZSM-5는 반응 온도 $350^{\circ}C$ - $400^{\circ}C$ 사이에서 최대 50%의 질소 산화물 제거 수율을 나타내지만 높은 CO 발생량이 관찰된다. Fe/ZSM-5 촉매에서 생성되는 CO를 제거하기 위하여 Co-Pt/ZSM-5 촉매를 직렬로 연속하여 사용하였으며, 공간속도 $30000\;hr^{-1}$, 반응 온도 $250^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 90% 이상의 질소 산화물과 CO 제거 수율을 나타내었다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.327-334
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• 2018

The nano/micro composites with highly porous surface area have attracted of great interest, particularly the synthesis of porous and thin film sheets of high performance. In this paper, an easy method of cost-effective synthesis of thin film ceramic fiber membranes based on Hydroxyapatite, and activated carbon by turned into studied to be applied within the service-facilitated the transport of radioactive waste such as $^{90}Sr$, $^{137}Cs$ and $^{60}Co$) as activated product of radioisotopes from ETRR-2 research reactor and dissolved in 3M $HNO_3$, across a thin flat-sheet supported liquid membrane (TFSSLM). Radionuclides are transported from alkaline pH values. The presence of sodium salts in the aqueous media improves in $HNO_3$, the lowering of permeability because the initial $HNO_3$ concentration is improved. The study some parameters on the thin sheet ceramic supported liquid membrane. EDTA as stripping phase concentration, time of extraction and temperature were studied. The study of maximum permeability of radioisotopes for all parameters. The pertraction of a radioactive waste solution from nitrate medium were examined at the optimized conditions. Under the optimum experimental 98.6-99.9% of $^{90}Sr$, 79.65-80.3% of $^{137}Cs$ and $^{60}Co$ 45.5-55.5% in 90-110 min with were extracted in 10-30 min, respectively. The process of diffusion in liquid membranes is governed by the chemical diffusion process.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2012

유기성폐기물의 처리 방식은 친환경적이고 지속가능한 에너지 회수 및 슬러지 발생량의 저감이 가능한 혐기성 소화를 통한 에너지화로 전환되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 PFR 흐름(Plug Flow Reactor)과 수직 다단형 구조로 고농도 고형분과 높은 유기물 부하에 견딜 수 있도록 개발된 ECOPAD(ECOdays' Plug-flow Anaerobic Digster) 혐기성 소화 공법의 음식물 폐기물과 도계폐수에 대한 적용성과 효율을 파악하였다. 적용사례별 ECOPAD의 처리효율을 분석한 결과 P시와 S시의 음식물 폐기물 처리시설의 유기물 제거효율은(VS 기준 P시 84%, S시 88%) 였으며, 이때 발생하는 바이오가스량(P시: $1.1Nm^3/kg$-VSrem, S시 $1.0Nm^3/kg$-VSrem)과 메탄가스의 함유량(P시 70%, S시 71%)은 유사하게 측정되었다. 도계 폐수 슬러지의 경우 VS당 가스발생량은 $1.6Nm^3/kg$-VSrem로 측정되었으며, 메탄 함량은69%로 측정되었다.