• 신재생에너지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.22-33
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• 2023

The number of fire and explosion accidents caused by pyrolysis oil and gas at waste plastic pyrolysis plants is increasing, but accident status and safety conditions have not been clearly identified. Therefore, the aim of the study was to identify the risks of the waste plastic pyrolysis process and suggest appropriate safety management measures. We collected information on 19 cases of fire and explosion accidents that occurred between 2010 and 2021 at 26 waste plastic pyrolysis plants using the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA) database and media reports. The mechanical, managerial, personnel-related, and environmental problems within a plant and problems related to government agencies and the design, manufacturing, and installation companies involved with pyrolysis equipment were analyzed using the 4Ms of Machines, Management, Man, and Media, as well as the System-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes (STAMP) methodology for seven accident cases with accident investigation reports. Study findings indicate the need for establishing legal and institutional support measures for waste plastic pyrolysis plants in order to prevent fire and explosion accidents in the pyrolysis process. In addition, ensuring safety from the design and manufacturing stages of facilities is essential, as are measures that ensure systematic operations after the installation of safety devices.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2006년도 제33회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.168-174
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• 2006

A pilot scale (200kg/hr) pyrolysis melting incineration system is designed and constructed in Korea Institute of Industrial Technology. The incineration process is composed of pyrolysis, gas combustion, ash melting, gas stabilization, waste heating boiler, and bag filter. For each unit process, experimental approaches have been conducted to find optimal design and operating conditions. Especially, a pyrolysis is very important process in that it is a way of energy recirculation and minimizing the waste products. This paper presents major results of the most efficient operating conditions in a pilot scale pyrolysis melting incinerator.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.12-15
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• 1995

In this paper, some representative waste tire pyrolysis were investigated together with the analysis of the problems associated with the commercialization of various waste tire treatment technologies. Also, R & D results on recovering the oil from the pyrolysis of waste tires, when waste oil was used as a heating medium, were summarized in this study. Experimental results show that the present pyrolysis process has both lower pyrolytic temperature and higher pyrolysis rate than usual one and that the quality of the product oil and residue obtained was relatively even with large availability.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 제26회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.143-150
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• 2003

The synthesis gas generated in waste pyrolysis melting process which consists of pyrolysis of waste and melting process of ash is known to be an alternative fuel. Since the compositopn of synthesis gas is much different from other synthesis gases, the fundamental combustion characteristics are analyzed in this study. The radiation heat heat flux is used to estimate the heat flux from flames made by many combinations of fuel and oxidant supply. The results show that the synthesis gas needs much more amount of oxidant for equivalent heat flux to methane flame and the inverse diffusion flame type for synthesis gas burner is suitable for better radiation heat transfer.

• 공업화학
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.201-206
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• 1992

Annual amount of plastics waste including rubber and leather waste, generated in 1990 was about 2,600,000 tons. Amount of generation of plastics waste has rapidly increased, but fractions of recycling and incineration have gradually decreased. Recently, two-stage incinerator, consisting of gasifier and gas combustor, draws much attention in Korea. Plastics are gasified in the starved air condition in the gasifier and produced gas is fired in the combustor. Combustion of produced gas is much easier than that of solid plastics, and produces a little pollutants. Standardzation of technology and process automation are still needed, but this incineration technology is in the commercial stage. Next topic concerned with this two-stage incineration will be how to treat complex plastics waste including toxic substances generated from automobiles and household appliances. Pyrolysis, realized by indirect heating in inert atmosphere, can provide high-quality products with minimum emissions. Many plastics are easily decomposed into oil in pyrolysis conditions, which can be utilized as chemical feedstocks, or gasoline or kerosene depending on feed materials and operating conditions. This has been demonstrated in several pilot-scale tests performed in Japan, Germany, etc. Easy removal of HCl from PVC is one of the most decisive merits of pyrolysis process. But in general, further efforts should be made for the process to obtain marketability. The future of pyrolysis process depends on public concern about environmental problems and oil prices.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2003

Wastes such as shredder dust of disposed vehicles can be decomposed into low calorific flammable gases by Pyrolysis gasification. A stationary electric Power generation using an internal combustion engine fuelled with the waste-pyrolysis gas is an effective way to ease both waste management and energy saving issues. The waste-pyrolysis gas mainly consists of H$_2$, CO, $CO_2$ and $N_2$. The composition and heating value of the gas generated depend on the conversion process and the property of the initial waste. This research analyzed the characteristics of the combustion and the exhaust emissions in a premixed charge spark ignition engine fuelled with several kinds of model gases, which were selected to simulate the pyrolysis-gases of automobile shredder dusts. The influences of the heating value and composition of the fuel were analyzed parametrically. Furthermore, optical analyses of the combustion flame were made to study the influence of the fuel's inert gas on the flame propagation.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회B
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• pp.1990-1995
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• 2008

The thermochemical recycling of waste tires by pyrolysis is studied to recover the value added three by-products; a pyrolytic carbon black, a pyrolytic oil, and a non-condensable gas. The exhausted energy from pyrolysis of waste tires is converted for electricity power and process steam in cogeneration system. The characteristics of the pyrolysis recovered by-products as alternative energy resource are investigated with the design of a demonstration and a commercialization plant including cogeneration system, as called integrated pyrolysis cogeneration system.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.331-335
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• 2009

A novel multi-staged waste pyrolysis & gasification system of pilot scale (~1 ton/day) is designed and constructed in Korea Institute of Industrial Technology. The pyrolysis & gasification system is composed of pyrolysis & gasification system, syngas reformer, syngas cleaning system, gas engine power generation system and co-combustion system. For each unit process, experimental approaches have been conducted to find optimal design and operating conditions. As a result, We can produce syngas with a calorific value of ~4000 kcal/$Nm^3$ and cold gas efficiency of the system is more than 55 % in case of waste plastic and oxygen as a gasifying agent.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2007년도 제34회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.155-160
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• 2007

This study was conducted to find out the chlorine removal characteristics of waste plastic mixture by pyrolysis process with thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) and a lab-scale pyrolyzer. The material used as plastic wastes were PE (Poly-ethylene), PP (Poly-prophylene), and PVC (Poly Vinyl Chloride). Experimental procedure were composed of three steps; 1st step: TGA of PVC, PP and PE, 2nd step: chlorine removal rate of PVC in a lab-scale pyrolyzer, 3rd step: chlorine removal rate of PVC-PE and PVC-PP mixture in a pyrolyzer. Through the results of TGA, we can estimate the basic pyrolysis characteristics of each plastic, and then we can also derive the design parameters and operating conditions of the lab-scale pyrolyzer. The results can be used as primary data for designing a system to produce RPF (Refuse Plastic Fuel), a waste incinerator and a pyrolysis/gasification process.

• 한국폐기물자원순환학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.518-527
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• 2017

The development of renewable energy is currently strongly required to address environmental problems such as global warming. In particular, biomass is highlighted due to its advantages. When using biomass as an energy source, the conversion process is essential. Fast pyrolysis, which is a thermochemical conversion method, is a known method of producing bio-oil. Therefore, various studies were conducted with fast pyrolysis. Most studies were conducted under a lab-scale process. Hence, scaling up is required for commercialization. However, it is difficult to find studies that address the process analysis, even though this is essential for developing a scaled-up plant. Hence, the present study carries out the process analysis of biomass pyrolysis. The fast pyrolysis system includes a biomass feeder, fast pyrolyzer, cyclone, condenser, and electrostatic precipitator (ESP). A two-stage, semi-global reaction mechanism was applied to simulate the fast pyrolysis reaction and a circulating fluidized bed reactor was selected as the fast pyrolyzer. All the equipment in the process was modeled based on heat and mass balance equations. In this study, process analysis was conducted with various reaction temperatures and residence times. The two-stage, semi-global reaction mechanism for circulating fluidized-bed reactor can be applied to simulate a scaled-up plant.