• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.681-688
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• 2022

In this study, the process of drone photography, automatic volume calculation, total floor area conversion, and waste calculation was constructed as a QGIS plug-in to predict the demolition waste (DW) generated in an aged area where drawing information or building information is uncertain. Through a case study, the high consistency between the automatically calculated volume using the drone and the BIM volume based on the field measurement was confirmed. Field application was carried out for the planned demolition work site, and the consistency between the drone-based volume and the actual measurement-BIM-based volume was reconfirmed. The waste generation unit was applied and the amount of DW was calculated by setting the floor height and building type, and the entire process was completed within 6 hours. Although the difference between building information and building objects through drones occurred according to the setting of temporary structures, loads, and floor heights, it was found that the actual amount of DW was generated more than the initial estimate. It is expected that measures to improve the accuracy of volume and floor area conversion will be required through case studies in the future.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.491-498
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• 2014

During the past years, the protection of the environment has become a major concern out passing the state frontiers to reach a planetary dimension. Depository waste sites have become a serious problem in terms of their locations and costs. On the other hand, the construction industry has a leading place in terms of quantities of waste produced from the start to the end of each construction site, by the large amounts of raw materials used and their respective consequences on the environment. The recycling of quarry wastes products, of demolished concrete, bricks and large quantities of waste resulting from the transformation of marble blocks can provide ideal solutions and advantages for the preservation of the environment, to become a supplementary source of aggregates. The main purpose of this study is to show technically the possibility of recuperating the aggregates of marble wastes as a partial substitute or total in the mortars. The aggregates used in this study is a sand of marble wastes (excess loads of sand exposed to bad weather conditions) of the quarry derived from Fil-fila marble (Skikda, east of Algeria). To achieve this work, we have studied the effect of sand substitution of marble wastes in the mortar with rates of (25, 50, 75, 100%); comparing the results obtained with reference samples (0%), the properties when the samples are fresh, and the mechanical performances of mortars at solid state (loss and gain of weight, dimensional variations). The introduction of recycled sand in the mortars gives good results and can be used as granulates.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.74-87
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• 2020

Overloaded trucks are the main source that threatens road safety and directly affects the reduction of pavement life. The On-board truck scale is the only equipment that could prevent overloading by measuring and adjusting the loading weight before driving. Legislation is needed to encourage its installation so that the driver can prevent overloading. In this study, an on-board truck scale system was installed on 30 dump trucks for transporting construction waste, such as soil and aggregates, which are major loads of 36.55% for overloading, and the trucks were monitored remotely. The overload prevention effect was analyzed by comparing driving data for 1 month before distribution of the weight display app that can recognize the weight to the driver and 1 month after distribution. After installation, overloading could be 6.1% reduced, and the transportation efficiency could be increased by checking the weight provided from the On-board truck scale system.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.235-240
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• 2005

Recently urban utility plants in urban areas of Korea, such as energy supply systems, municipal waste incineration systems, sewage treatment systems and so on, have caused some critical troubles, for instance the insensitive response to the seasonal or daily variation of loads, the low system efficiency and inefficient use of energy because of the large-scale system located a great distance. Therefor the design method of optimal integrated system model of various urban utility plants proposed in this study suitably to the present situation of Korea. Also, the effect analysis for the introduction of compound utility plants was studied for a new town model on a 60,000 persons scale. As the results we found that the complex plant was superior to individual urban utility plant in side of the initial investment expenses, the operating cost and other reasons.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.71-82
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• 2002

One of the most important things in the research for MIN-based switch operation the management scheme of network cycle. In the traditional MIN, when the receving buffer module is empty, the sell has to move forward the front-most buffer position by the characteristic of the conventional FIFO queue. However, most of buffer modules are almost always full for practical amount of input loads. The long network cycle of the traditional scheme is thus a substantial waste of bandwidth. In this paper, we propose the modeling method for the input and multi-buffered MIN with unit step buffering scheme, In spite of simplicity, simulation results show that the proposed model is very accurate comparing to previous modeling approaches in terms of throughput and the trend of delay.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.229-238
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• 2007

In this paper, structural design requirements and safety evaluation criteria of the spent nuclear fuel disposal canister are studied for deep geological deposition. Since the spent nuclear fuel disposal canister emits high temperature heats and much radiation, its careful treatment is required. For that, a long term(usually 10,000 years) safe repository for the spent nuclear fuel disposal canister should be secured. Usually this repository is expected to locate at a depth of 500m underground. The canister which is designed for the spent nuclear fuel disposal in a deep repository in the crystalline bedrock is a solid structure with cast iron insert, corrosion resistant overpack and lid and bottom, and entails an evenly distributed load of hydrostatic pressure from underground water and high pressure from swelling of bentonite buffer. Hence, the canister must be designed to withstand these high pressure loads. If the canister is not designed for all possible external loads combinations, structural defects such as plastic deformations, cracks, and buckling etc. may occur in the canister during depositing it in the deep repository. Therefore, various structural analyses must be performed to predict these structural problems like plastic deformations, cracks, and buckling. Structural safety evaluation criteria of the canister are studied and defined for the validity of the canister design prior to the structural analysis of the canister. And structural design requirements(variables) which affect the structural safety evaluation criteria should be discussed and defined clearly. Hence this paper presents the structural design requirements(variables) and safety evaluation criteria of the spent nuclear fuel disposal canister.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.117-125
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• 2020

Our study identifies a cost and a benefit incurred in implementing an investment project to offer new public services by use of food waste disposers and direct input of feces in sewers. This is done with identifying costs of each processing division and benefits of the project by objective statistical data and engineering perspective. In summary, cost items identified are as follows: there are house laterals, removal of septic tanks, etc. for sewer pipes system. As to water quality conservation, cost incurs in storm water outfalls and divert chambers, sewage storage tanks, equipment to treat sewer overflows, and so on. With respect to sewage treatment plants(STPs), there are so many items as increase of contaminant loads in influent of STPs, and other items. There are benefit items in health improvement due to odor mitigation, increase of energy productivity, saving cost of food waste treatment and cleaning septic tanks, etc. These estimates will be used as a basic data for its economic effect.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.613-619
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• 2014

A flare system is a very important system that crucially affects on the process safety in chemical plants. If a flare system is designed too small, it cannot prevent catastrophic accidents of a chemical plant. On the other hand, if a flare system is designed too large, it will waste resources. Therefore, reasonable relief load estimation has been a crucial issue in the industry. American Petroleum Institute (API) suggests basic guidelines for relief load estimation, and a lot of engineering companies have developed their own relief load estimation methods that use an unbalanced heat and material method. However, these methods have to involve lots of conservative assumptions that lead to an overestimation of relief loads. In this study, the new design procedure for a flare system based on dynamic simulation was proposed in order to avoid the overestimation of relief loads. The relief load of a deethanizer process was tested to verify the performance of the proposed design procedure.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 2001

This paper presents the policy directions of total maximum daily loads(TMDL), which was recently adopted in Korea, for scientific management of water quality. The basic principles of water quality management are also discussed in this paper, along with the TMDL policy in United States as well as the previous policy in Korea. We discussed several unreasonable points out of the previous approaches, such as regulation of all point sources with equal standards, negligence of an assimilative capacity of the receiving water, and emphasis only on drinking water supply, etc.. For successful applications of the TMDL policy in Korea, the following directions are suggested: 1) the unit drainage basin for each TMDL application should be given, 2) the water body where the water quality standards should be maintained, needs to be guided, 3) the water quality parameters of TMDL should be given, 4) the technical guidances should be given for applications of water quality models, and 5) the seasonal TMDL would be allowed. In order to maximize the benefits of the TMDL policy, the local governments would need to implement the following strategies: 1) the increment of an assimilative capacity of the receiving water, 2) the effective controls of the non-point source pollution, 3) the advanced treatment of the point sources, 4) application of system optimization techniques along with effluent trade, and 5) utilization of watershed management systems.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.1199-1208
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• 2019

Korea's protected horticulture is rapidly increasing in scale due to various advantages such as year-round harvesting, labor savings through automation and shortened culture period, and greater income generation. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of protected horticulture on water quality. The results of this study are expected to provide basic data contributing to improvements towards sustainable agriculture and eco-friendly design of protected horticulture complex. The average T-N and T-P loads from vinyl greenhouses were 286.55± 143.98 mg/L and 59.14±13.77 mg/L, respectively and those from glass greenhouses 380.68 ± 150.41 mg/L and 61.85±20.72 mg/L. The annual discharge of wastewater derived from the monthly discharge from the horticulture greenhouses were estimated at 2597 ton/ha, with the annual phosphorus load amounting to 155.3 kg/ha. The average T-N and T-P loads in the tested greenhouse effluents were in excess of 8.3- and 13.5-fold the standards for the Korean wastewater plant effluent. The waste nutrient solution discharged from a protected horticulture complex can cause water contamination. Therefore, there is a need to conduct follow-up research using a water purification system or a trench method to develop a eco-friendly protected horticulture complex for sustainable agriculture.