• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.444-451
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in temporospatial variables in healthy elderly and healthy adults during usual walking, narrow base walking and centerline-guided walking. Twenty healthy elderly and nineteen healthy adults were participated in this study. In each conditions, the subjects were walked on a 6m walkway at comfortable self-selected speeds under three conditions : (1) usual walking, (2) walking within a 50% of the distance between the subject's ASIS (3) walking along a centerline. GAITRite system was used for kinematic analysis to assess the temporospatial variables. There were no significant changes in healthy adults(p>.05), but walking speed, cadence, H-H base support, functional ambulation performance were significantly decreased progressively as pathway narrowed in elderly adults(p<.05). The results show that elderly people had more difficulty with walking on narrow pathway for fear of falling. This study provides data for use in basic research into safe walking and preventing falling for elderly.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.185-190
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• 2020

Background: Backward walking exercise may offer some unique and potentially beneficial differences compared with forward walking exercise. There is still a lack of research on backward walking exercises and forward head posture. Objects: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of backward walking exercise on college students forward head posture in their 20s. Methods: Twenty-one subjects participated in the experiment. The subjects were those with a craniovertebral angle (CVA) of 55 degrees or less who understood the purpose and method of this study and voluntarily agreed. A camera capable of taking pictures of the lateral plane was installed at a distance of 1.5 meters before exercising. Pictures were taken before walking backward, and after walking for 15 minutes on the treadmill, the images were taken in the same way. The composition of the backward walking exercise was walking at a rate of 1.0 for 5 minutes, and the remaining 10 minutes were walking at a rate of 1.5. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare CVA and craniorotational angle (CRA) before and after exercise. Results: As a result of this study, there was a significant difference in CVA before and after exercise (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference in CRA before and after exercise (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The backward walking exercise and verbal command seems to have positively influenced the changes in CVA and CRA among college students in their 20s. It seems that studies to confirm balance or muscle activity as well as changes in forward head posture through the long-term intervention of the backward walking exercise should be conducted.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.286-293
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• 2007

For safe walking of the people who are blind, walking assistance robot which can detecting and avoiding the obstacle was investigated. The implemented prototype walking assistance robot consists of a obstacle detecting module, a user interface using acoustic signal and a driving module. The obstacle detecting module uses 6 ultrasonic sensors those located at the front part of the robot can perceive the obstacle which is in 3 meter distances and $180^{\circ}$ degrees. It calculates the distance and degree from the obstacle using TOF (time of flight) method and decides the 3-dimensional location of the obstacle. The obstacle information is delivered to the user using acoustic alarm and guide sound. The robot is designed to avoid by itself when the obstacle is detecting and the user only follows it to safe walking. After the designed robot was implemented, driving and obstacle detecting experiments were carried out. The result showed that the designed walking assistance robot will help the people who are blind to walk around safe.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.7 no.2 s.34
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• pp.35-42
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• 1968

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.30-32
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• 2011

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.3 s.81
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• pp.149-159
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• 2005

The paper presented not only the difference of the marginal walking time by passenger. but also the derivation of the bus service determination model by passenger attributes. The marginal walking distance to bus stop is a basic parameter to estimate bus service coverage area in certain area. And the marginal walking distance could be transformed from the marginal walking time, which is the focus of this paper. The result of analysis revealed that the age and income of passenger are strongly related to the marginal walking time. In planning or regulating the spacing of bus routes or bus stops in certain area, the model suggested in this paper help for the planner to choose optimal alternative.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2012

The purpose of this research is support blind person's daily walking. In order to achieve the purpose, we investigate how the environmental information is used for their daily walking both in residential and commercial areas considering the characteristics of walking. In the investigation, interview to the persons concerned is carried out and all the conversation with them is recorded with a voice recorder. Moreover, the environmental information that may become clues is plotted on a map together with photos. The results are as follows; (1) Environmental information which the blind persons use is different depending on the role of its own of place, such as place confirmation, direction decision, distance understanding. (2) It is demonstrated that the information acquisition from sound is effective when they especially understand place and location.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.228-231
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• 2003

This paper presents the leg trajectory generation for the quadruped robot with genetic-fuzzy algorithm. To have the nobility even at uneven terrain, a robot is able to recognize obstacles, and generates moving path of body that can avoid obstacles. This robot should have its own avoidance algorithm against obstacles, forwarding to target without collision. During walking period, n robot recognizes obstacle from external environment with a PSD and some interface, and this obstacle information is converted into proper the body rotation angle by fuzzy inference engine. After this process, we can infer the walking direction and walking distance of body, and finally can generate the optimal Beg trajectory using genetic algorithm. All these methods are verified with PC simulation program, and implemented to SERO-V robot.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 2005

In this paper, An analysis on the intelligence system for a biped walking robot(BWR) was made and its results were applied to the BWR. Various sensors were applied to the developed BWR for autonomous and intelligent walk in unknown environments. To measure the distance between the object and BWR, ultrasonic sensor and infrared-rays sensor were used. To identity surrounding environments, vision system was used. Gyro sensor was used to control the posture of BWR. Also, piezoelectricity sensor was used to identity the pressure of foot landing on the surface. Sensors applied to the robot have measurement errors according to noises or walking environments. To improve the function of these sensors, influences of noise or sensing errors were minimized using a sensor fusion scheme. A gait test using the sensor fusion system was performed, and its results are presented.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.743-747
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• 2000

The coordinated mechanism of terrestrial vertebrates enables them to maneuver over all of the terrain conditions since they have a distinct ability to adapt to varying conditions. Their locomotions remain infinitely more advanced and elegant than that of present-day existing mechanical walking robots. However, the principles of existing walking robots are based more on technical rather than on biological concepts, yielding unstable locomotion with low speed. In order to apply these advanced biological phenomena to the mechanical design of 4-legged walking robot, modeling methods are introduced and mathematical equations are also introduced.