• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.250-265
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• 2016

Owing to our rapidly aging society, accessibility evaluation to enhance the ease and safety of access to indoor and outdoor environments for the elderly and disabled is increasing in importance. Accessibility must be assessed not only from the general standard aspect but also in terms of physical and cognitive friendliness for users of different ages, genders, and abilities. Meanwhile, human behavior simulation has been progressing in the areas of crowd behavior analysis and emergency evacuation planning. However, in human behavior simulation, environment models represent only "as-planned" situations. In addition, a pedestrian model cannot generate the detailed articulated movements of various people of different ages and genders in the simulation. Therefore, the final goal of this research was to develop a virtual accessibility evaluation by combining realistic human behavior simulation using a digital human model (DHM) with "as-is" environment models. To achieve this goal, we developed an algorithm for generating human-like DHM walking motions, adapting its strides, turning angles, and footprints to laser-scanned 3D as-is environments including slopes and stairs. The DHM motion was generated based only on a motion-capture (MoCap) data for flat walking. Our implementation constructed as-is 3D environment models from laser-scanned point clouds of real environments and enabled a DHM to walk autonomously in various environment models. The difference in joint angles between the DHM and MoCap data was evaluated. Demonstrations of our environment modeling and walking simulation in indoor and outdoor environments including corridors, slopes, and stairs are illustrated in this study.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2014

Purpose: Generally, rural housing in Korea have had target of people who are in good physical health rather than the disabled. Therefore, it is difficult to offer high quality residential environment for the elderly and the disabled. The purpose of this study is to propose the ways to promote ease and safety in the rural housing. Methods: This study evaluates the accidents, improvement factors, satisfactions, complaints by space of 153 rural housing in Taebaeksi. Results: This study divides the a rural house into 7 sectors : a passage to entrance, an entrance hall, a livingroom, a bedroom, a bathroom, a kitchen, and utility room. this study propose the following plan that rural housing to be barrier free space. First, in passage to entrance of the house, people with disabilities should not experience difficulties in walking, so installing ramps to remove the stepped slope grade without slip so that the floor finish should be. Second, entrance hall need more space to change and keep wheelchair. Third, switches and handle should be installed various height and form depend on the behavior of residents. Forth, install a drain to make no changes in level of bathroom. Implications: This research could be the basic data to renovate the rural housing.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.761-768
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• 2016

Weight bearing is effective during rehabilitation of gait, in the elderly and disabled people. Various training devices using weight bearing function were developed along with treadmill walking; however, no device has been developed in conjunction to walking on the ground. Here, we designed a rail type frame of a gait rehabilitation system for body-weight support (BWS) function, and analyzed its mechanical safety in the static weight bearing condition of a vertical axis. Computational simulations were performed to analyze structure of the driving parts, which are connected with a rail and driving rollers and the lower plate of the BWS. Structural analyses showed the drivers and BWS were safe, when simulated at 135kg weight under static conditions. Thus, this rail type rehabilitation system can be used for gait training of the elderly and disabled.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.276-283
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• 2015

각 도시에서는 급증하는 자동차로 인해 보행자의 영역은 줄어들고 있고 보행자를 위한 도로시설의 개선은 향상되지 못하고 있어 보행자는 위험한 교통환경에 노출되고 있다. 이러한 열악한 보행환경은 비교통약자에게도 위험하지만 교통약자에게는 더욱 치명적인 위험요소가 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 교통약자의 교통안전을 향상시키고 보행환경을 개선하기 위해 교통약자 유형별로 도로시설 이용특성을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 방법은 교통약자를 대상으로 기존 도로의 보행시설을 이용할 때 느낀 정량적, 정성적 사항에 대한 설문조사를 실시하고 이를 바탕으로 정량적, 정성적 요소를 모두 고려한 의사결정방법인 계층 분석적 의사결정방법(AHP)을 이용한 연구를 수행하였다. 제3계층 분석결과 고령자나 장애인의 경우 일부 유사한 특성을 나타내고 있었으며 차량진출입, 도로의 기울기나 포장불량이 높은 순위의 불편요소로 나타났다. 영유아동반자의 경우 승강기가 없는 육교와 지하도가 1순위로 나타나 고령자, 장애인과 다소 차이가 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2022

A Care farm is known to have positive effects on various people in psychological, physical, and social aspects. However, care farm services for the disabled, transportation disadvantaged, and socially disadvantaged are limited. This study conducted a demand survey in order to provide basic data for development of the Agro-Healing Virtual Reality Therapy(AVRT) system. The respondents were the ordinary person(n=127) and the disabled person(n=72), and the survey items consisted of 4 categories and 20 items, including intention to use AVRT, requirements for use, factors to be considered when developing the system, and content and program preferences. The intention to use a AVRT was found to be at a high level of 80% or more by respondent characteristics. In addition, similar results were shown in all items such as virtual reality experience, willingness to use, appropriate use time, and willingness to pay by respondent characteristics, and correlation by item was determined through correlation analysis. As for the conditions of use, both sides preferred rural types and were found to have the purpose of healing. However, there were concerns about dizziness in common between system use, and in the case of the disabled person, there were difficulties in purchasing expensive equipment. In the development of the AVRT system, the part of sensory priority, important technology level, and color preference were evaluated, and the preference of content and programs to be developed in the system was identified. Fruit, vegetables, flowers, and animals preferred mandarin, tomato, tulips, and dogs first, horticultural healing preferred harvest management for the ordinary person, plant cultivation for the disabled person, and forest healing and animal education preferred walking and dog-related programs. However, agricultural work was found to be a program with high preference for making processed foods for the ordinary person and creating an animal breeding environment for the disabled person. The result of this study is expected to provide reference data that can be suggested for the development of Agro-healing Virtual Reality Therapy system.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제26호
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• pp.112-120
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• 2001

This study investigated the extend to which the facilities satisfactorily accommodate people with different disabilities and their specific needs for improving the facilities. Systematic interviews were conducted with 90 disabled people using the non-propertionate stratified cluster random sampling method. Frequency analysis, Chi-square tests, Duncan tests, and analysis of variance(ANOVA) were employed for data analysis. The findings indicated that the respondents' assessment of accommodations and needs for improving accommodations differed by the type of disabilities. People with physical disabilities were the least satisfied with stairs, followed by seating in stadiums and/or theaters. For people with visual disabilities, the lack of guidance and information facilities was the most difficult problem. People with hearing disabilities often pointed out difficulties in using public telephones. meanwhile, people with physical disabilities asked for easy access to assistive devices and improved mobility-related circumstances. yet people with visual disabilities expected to improve way-finding relevant issues, such as detectable warnings on walking surfaces and guidance and information facilities, whereas people with hearing disabilities desired to develop hearing-aid equipments, such as TDD and assistive listening systems.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.1199-1206
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• 2012

Recently, technologies to help the elderly or disabled people who have difficulty in walking are being developed. In order to develop these technologies, it is necessary to construct a system that gathers the gait data of people and analysis of these data is also important. In this research, we constructed the development of sensor system which consists of pressure sensor, three-axis accelerometer and two-axis gyro sensor. We used k-means clustering algorithm to classify the data for characterization, and then calculated the symmetry index with histogram which was produced from each cluster. We collected gait data from sensors attached on two subjects. The experiment was conducted for two kinds of gait status. One is walking with normal gait; the other is walking with abnormal gait (abnormal gait means that the subject walks by dragging the right leg intentionally). With the result from the analysis of acceleration component, we were able to confirm that the analysis technique of this data could be used to determine gait symmetry. In addition, by adding gyro components in the analysis, we could find that the symmetry index was appropriate to express symmetry better.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2005

Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of a community based group exercise intervention on motor functional capacity. To evaluate the immediate(post-treatment) effects after 6-weeks exercise program on the group exercise intervention(PNF and Circuit exercise). Methods : Subjects-Included persons with stroke who were living in the community. Thirty-seven subjects were randomly assigned to the PNF, Circuit exercise and control group participated in a repeated measures design that evaluated the subjects with pre-treatment, post-treatment(6 weeks). Functional ability outcome measures assessed the motor assessment scale(MAS) and EMG. Both treatment groups participated in exercise cJass three times a week for 6 weeks. Group programs focused on balance, functional motor capacity and walking ability. The PNF program was modified PNF pattem and techniques with emphasis on functional tasks when possible, as well as stretching of the more affected limb particularly in the more affected shoulder. The Circuit program with subjects completing practice at a selies of work station as well as participating in walking races and relay with other members of the group. Results : Compared with the control group, the treatment group had larger improvements in the motor function ability after 6 weeks treatment and Post-treatment test scores were more significant than the pre-treatment score. 1. Motor function were assessed by using MAS, sit to stand, walking and upper function were assessed pre-treatment versus post-treatment measures revealed a statically significant(p<.05). There were significant differences between the groups. Compared with the control group, the treatment group had larger improvements. 2. In the treatment groups, demonstrated difference in the electromyographic activation of biceps, triceps, quadriceps and tibialis anterior muscles on the paretic side in the response to the reaching arm movement and stepping motion in stance. The difference in muscle activation improvement were not statically significant. Conclusion : The results of this study showed that the PNF and Circuit group exercise intervention can improve motor functional ability. This study suggests that the PNF and Circuit exercise programs is appropriate for community-based group exercise principles. It leads to gain and maintain potential function for disabled persons after stroke in the community.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제26권6_3호
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• pp.1315-1323
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• 2023

Rehabilitation assistive devices not only assist the rehabilitation therapy and daily life of the disabled and the elderly, but also assist the labor of their caregivers, so various functions are required to improve their quality of life. In this study, a design method considering its practicality is introduced for an active rehabilitation assistive device that can perform both standing and walking assistance by driving various actuators. For this purpose, the force required to assist standing was calculated using statics with the body segmentation method. Also, the overturning stability of the device was verified for various physical conditions and postures. The actuator in the active rehabilitation assistive device was operated by a patient using a graphical user interface in an embedded computer and a touch panel for easy usage. The detailed design was performed for implementation through the help of 3D-CAD and the finite element analysis, and a prototype was produced. Finally, it was proven that the design goal was satisfied by experimental validation.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2013

본 논문은 편마비 환자나 장애인의 보행을 지원하는 외골격 로봇에 대해 연구하였다. 2축 자유도를 가진 외골격 로봇 개발 및 관절 운동에 대해 테스트 하였다. 정상적인 사람으로부터 얻어진 EMG 신호를 분석하고, 편마비 환자를 정상적인 사람처럼 보행 할 수 있도록 보조 로봇을 편리하고 자동화된 보행이 되도록 제어신호를 추출 하였다. 편마비 환자의 보행을 위한 기능적 전기 자극(FES)를 사용하는 목적이 손상된 기능을 복원하는 것이다. 그러나 이것은 사용을 잘못하면 환자에게 치명적인 전기 충격을 줄 수 있거나 지속적인 자극으로 근육피로의 원인이 될 수 있다. 최소한의 근육 피로도로 편마비 환자의 편리한 걸음은 제어 신호로 외골격 보조 로봇의 조작을 통해 가능성을 제시하였다. 보행 보조 외골격로봇은 FES 자극기를 사용하는 것보다 보다 효율적으로 동작할 수 있음을 보였다. 본 연구 실험은 앉아, 서, 걷기같이 우리의 생활에 보통의 움직임을 수행하고, 버튼스위치, 피에조 센서와 특별히 피드백 제어 시스템은 부드러운 보행 모션이 되도록 하였다. 그리고 실험결과도 건강한 다리의 근전도 신호를 편마비 환자의 손상된 다리의 보조로봇 시스템의 동작신호로 이용하여 편리하게 이동할 수 있음을 보여준다.