• KIEAE Journal
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2009

Today the realization of a welfare society is urgently needed as growing of economy. To promptly meet the needs of the times, the ratio of a matriculation of the physically disabled is getting higher, stretching opportunities of a higher education. But, the walk environment in university educational facilities is still insufficient because of the indifference to the education of the physically disabled. The purpose of this research is to suggest the direction to improve the walk environment for all users through evaluation of the accessibility of the walk environment in university educational facilities, and the scope of the research is the internal and external walk environment of university educational facilities. The first step of the research is preparatory study review to extract the elements of the accessibility of the Universal Design Principles. And then, we evaluate the accessibility of university educational facilities through the site visits. The results of this research are as following: 1) The internal and external walk environment of university educational facilities needs more physical improvement for keeping accessibility. 2) We need to provide consistent guidances from the external sidewalks to main entrances, slopes, staircases, elevators, and corridors. 3) The walk environment of university educational facilities needs to maintain continuously.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2008년 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.226-230
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyse the pedestrian environment of the residential area in residential development. The result of the research are follows; first, the pedestrian environment in the apartment quarter is better than independent residential quarter. second, the pedestrian and the automobile use together the street, because the side walk ist not established from the road where the width is narrow. finally, the condition of side walk paving ist bad, so that the pedestrian environmental level decreased badly

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.463-479
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of heating equipments by implementing the extreme environment in which ships navigating the ice zone are exposed and to study and apply the experimental method to infer the optimized design for each factors. Methods: It is required to verify by analysis and experiment how the environment with low temperature and wind speed implemented through the test facility affects the heating walk-way and The optimum design of the heating walk-way in that extreme environment is derived using the Taguchi technique. Results: The results of this study are as follows; It was found the effect on the condition of each factor and derive optimized conditions that satisfy the performance condition of the heating walk-way in extreme use environment. Conclusion: Ships operating in Polar waters require reliable and durable facilities for all environments during sailing.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2017

Purpose: Condensation in walk-in closets attached to apartment bathroom has been known as an emerging issue that may threat occupants' comfort and health. Despite a number of design guidelines and enforcements to prevent condensation, condensation issues may still occur depending on various cases and scenarios. We aim to identify what condensation scenarios may lead to walk-in closet condensation and/or worse the existing condensation issues. Method: First we choose an actual walk-in closet of an apartment that suffers from sporadic condensation and resulting mold and mildew. Then we observe its relative humidity and temperature after the bathroom is used, in which excessive vapor is thought to be transported to the walk-in closet. We analyze Temperature Difference Ratio - a domestic indicator of condensation occurrence, and dew point temperature to compare it with surface temperature using 2D heat transfer simulation upon various condensation scenarios. Result: TDR of the test walk-in closet turns out be OK despite mold and mildew actually occurring. Hot water pipe installed in the floor would greatly reduce condensation. If hot water pipe in the upper floor, however, is not used, or hot water pipe of the closet is turned off during swing seasons, it is expected that condensations may still occur.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2006

본 논문은 매끄럽거나 거친 단일 균열에서의 용질 이동을 모의하기 위해 개발된 수치모형을 통해 용질 입자의 확산에 수치적 연구를 수행한 것이다. 단일 균열의 조도는 프랙탈 방법을 통해 표현되었으며, 본 연구에서 사용된 3차원 이동 모형은 random walk 기법에 근거하여 개발하였다. 모의실험 결과 단일 균열내에서의 용질 입자의 확산은 균열의 조도와 입자의 크기에 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

Background: The method of measuring the walking function of patients with chronic stroke differs depending on patients walking capability and environmental conditions. Objects: This study aimed to demonstrate the influences of walking capacity and environmental conditions on the results of short- and long-distance walk tests in patients with chronic stroke. Methods: Forty patients with chronic stroke volunteered for this study, and allocated to group-1 (<.4m/s, household walking, $n_1=13$), group-2 (.4~.8m/s, limited community ambulation, $n_2=16$), and group-3 (>.8m/s, community ambulation, $n_3=11$) according to their walking capacity. The 10-meter walk test (10MWT) and 6-min walk tests, (6MWT) were used to compare the short- and long-distance walk tests results, which were randomly performed under indoor and outdoor environmental conditions. Results: The comparison of the results obtained under the indoor and outdoor conditions revealed statistically significant differences between the groups in the 6MWT and 10MWT (p<.05). Post-hoc tests' results showed significant differences between groups-1 and -2 and between groups-1 and -3 in the 10MWT, and between group-1 and -3 in the 6MWT. Furthermore, in group-2 the 10MWT and 6MWT results significantly differed between the indoor and outdoor conditions, and the values measured under the indoor and outdoor conditions significantly differed between 10MWT and 6MWT (p<.05). Group-3 showed a significant difference in 10MWT results between the indoor and outdoor conditions (p<.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that the results of the short- and long-distance walk tests may differ depending on the walking capacity of patients with chronic stroke and the environmental condition under which the measurement is made, and these effects were greatest for the patients with the limited community ambulation capacity.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.920-927
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• 2009

Many schedule delays and cost overruns in interior construction are caused by a lack of understanding in detailed and complicated interior works. To minimize these potential impacts in interior construction, a systematic approach for project managers to detect discrepancies at early stages and take corrective action through use of visualized data is required. This systematic implementation is still challenging: monitoring is time-consuming due to the significant amount of as-built data that needs to be collected and evaluated; and current interior construction progress reports have visual limitations in providing spatial context and in representing the complexities of interior components. To overcome these issues, this research focuses on visualization and computer vision techniques representing interior construction progress with photographs. The as-planned 3D models and as-built photographs are visualized in a 3D walk-through model. Within such an environment, the as-built interior construction elements are detected through computer vision techniques to automatically extract the progress data linked with Building Information Modeling (BIM). This allows a comparison between the as-planned model and as-built elements to be used for the representation of interior construction progress by superimposing over a 3D environment. This paper presents the process of representing and detecting interior construction components and the results for an ongoing construction project. This paper discusses implementation and future potential enhancement of these techniques in construction.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1416-1426
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• 2021

Scanning 타입 다채널 LiDAR 센서의 경우 수신되는 신호의 세기의 차이에 의한 walk error라는 거리 오차가 발생할 수 있다. 이러한 오차는 다수의 LiDAR 센서를 기반으로 주변 환경을 스캐닝할 경우 같은 물체에 대해 서로 다른 거리 값을 출력하게 한다. 다수의 LiDAR 센서를 이용하여 전방향 스캐닝할 경우, 센서의 시야각이 겹치는 구간에서 발생하는 walk error를 최소화하기 위해 외부 시스템 상에서 센서의 각 채널에 대한 convolution을 수행하고 오차를 최소화하고자 한다. 약 6×6 m 환경의 중앙에 4개의 LiDAR 센서들을 배치하고 주변 환경을 스캐닝 하였으며, 필터링을 적용한 결과, 거리 오차를 평균 0.5125m에서 0.16m까지 약 68% 개선할 수 있었으며, 표준 편차는 평균 0.0591에서 0.030675까지 약 48% 개선할 수 있었다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.317-323
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• 2022

Dirofilariasis is a mosquito-borne parasitic infection that mainly causes symptoms such as chronic cough, respiratory distress, abnormal breath sounds, heart valve dysfunction, right heart hypertrophy, liver congestion and cirrhosis, ascites, and pleural effusion in dogs. In this study, from June to September 2021, we collected and identified mosquitoes in parks where citizens often take their dogs for a walk, and created pools from them by month, species, and location. These pools were checked for the infection of Dirofilaria immitis by PCR and the minimum infection rates (MIRs) were calculated. The MIR of all mosquitoes collected was 6.4, and the MIRs of mosquitoes from Daewangam Park, Yeocheoncheon Walk, Taehwagang National Garden, and Sinbulsan County Park were 9.7, 4.7, 2.1, and 0, respectively. It also confirmed that Aedes hatorii, Aedes vexans nipponii, and Ochlerotatus koreicus were major vectors of heartworm in Ulsan. Our results suggest that heartworm prophylaxis should be considered in Ulsan.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.356-366
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• 2021

Objective: This study aimed to compare gait ability through gait evaluations in indoor and outdoor environments according to the general characteristics and walking ability of stroke patients. Design: Crossed-sectional study. Methods: The subjects of this study were 57 hospitalized stroke patients.The study subjects were asked to select an indoor environment and an outdoor environment in random order, and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT), Figure-Eight Walk Test (F8WT) and the Functional Gait Assessment (FGA) were used to assess each environment. Results: The TUG, 10MWT, F8WT time and number of steps, and FGA showed a significant decrease in gait ability in the outdoor environment compared to the indoor environment (p<0.05). Although the TUG, 10MWT, and the time required for the F8WT were statistically higher in the outdoor compared to the indoor environment at points 2, 3, and 4, but not 5 of the functional ambulatory category (FAC), significant increases in the number of steps of the F8WT were found in the outdoor compared to the indoor environment for only points 2 and 3 of the FAC (p<0.05). In the FAC 3 and 4, there was a statistically significant decrease in the outdoor compared to the indoor environment only in the FGA (p<0.05). Conclusions: Therefore, it has been shown that the gait ability of stroke patients is reduced in the outdoor environment compared to the gait ability in the indoor environment.