• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.240-244
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• 2022

The common goals of designing a routing algorithm are not only to reduce control packet overhead, maximize throughput and minimize the end-to-end delay, but also take into consideration the energy consumption. Scalability is an important factor in designing an efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor networks (WSN's). Three metrics (power consumption, time of transmission and packet loss rate) are used in order to compare three routing protocols which are AODV, DSDV and LEACH.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.101-108
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• 2007

We follow the promising recent results of deploying the public key cryptography in sensor networks. Recent results have shown that the public key algorithms are computationally feasible on the typical sensor nodes. However, once the public key cryptography is brought to the sensor network, security services such like key authentication will be critically required. In this paper we investigate the public key authentication problem in the sensor network and provide several authentication protocols. Our protocols are mainly based on the non-solvable overhearing in the wireless environment and a distributed voting mechanism. To show the value of our protocols, we provide an extensive analysis of the used resources and the resulting security level. As well, we compare our work with other existing works. For further benefit of our protocols, we list several additional applications in the sensor network where our protocols provide a sufficient authentication under the constrained resources.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.1779-1798
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• 2018

Heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (HEWSN) is a kind of wireless sensor networks (WSN), each sensor may has different attributes, HEWSN has been widely used in many aspects. Due to sensors are deployed in unattended environments and its resource constrained feature, the design of security and efficiency balanced authentication scheme for HEWSN becomes a vital challenge. In this paper, we propose a secure and lightweight user authentication and key agreement scheme based on biometric for HEWSN. Firstly, fuzzy extractor is adopted to handle the user's biometric information. Secondly, we achieve mutual authentication and key agreement among three entities, which are user, gateway and cluster head in the four phases. Finally, formal security analysis shows that the proposed scheme defends against various security pitfalls. Additionally, comparison results with other surviving relevant schemes show that our scheme is more efficient in term of computational cost, communication cost and estimated time. Therefore, the proposed scheme is well suitable for practical application in HEWSN.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.160-161
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• 2013

Extending mobile IP to ad hoc networks with the foreign agent acting as the bridge between the wired network and ad hoc networks can provide the global Internet connectivity for ad hoc hosts. The existing research in the area of the integrated wired and ad hoc network is carried out in a non-adversarial setting. This paper analysed an effective solution to solve the security related problems encountered in these integrated networks. This security protocol also excludes malicious nodes from performing the ad hoc network routing. This paper focuses on preventing ad hoc hosts from the attacks of anti-integrity.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.2223-2242
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• 2019

Distance Vector-Hop (DV-Hop) algorithm is widely used in node localization. It often suffers the wormhole attack. The current researches focus on Double-Wormhole-Node-Link (DWNL) and have limited attention to Multi-Wormhole-Node-Link (MWNL). In this paper, we propose a security DV-Hop algorithm (AMLDV-Hop) to resist MWNL. Firstly, the algorithm establishes the Neighbor List (NL) in initialization phase. It uses the NL to find the suspect beacon nodes and then find the actually attacked beacon nodes by calculating the distances to other beacon nodes. The attacked beacon nodes generate and broadcast the conflict sets to distinguish the different wormhole areas. The unknown nodes take the marked beacon nodes as references and mark themselves with different numbers in the first-round marking. If the unknown nodes fail to mark themselves, they will take the marked unknown nodes as references to mark themselves in the second-round marking. The unknown nodes that still fail to be marked are semi-isolated. The results indicate that the localization error of proposed AMLDV-Hop algorithm has 112.3%, 10.2%, 41.7%, 6.9% reduction compared to the attacked DV-Hop algorithm, the Label-based DV-Hop (LBDV-Hop), the Secure Neighbor Discovery Based DV-Hop (NDDV-Hop), and the Against Wormhole DV-Hop (AWDV-Hop) algorithm.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1238-1259
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• 2019

Saving energy is a big challenge for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), which becomes even more critical in large-scale WSNs. Most energy waste is communication related, such as collision, overhearing and idle listening, so the schedule-based access which can avoid these wastes is preferred for WSNs. On the other hand, clustering technique is considered as the most promising solution for topology management in WSNs. Hence, providing interference-free clustering is vital for WSNs, especially for large-scale WSNs. However, schedule management in cluster-based networks is never a trivial work, since it requires inter-cluster cooperation. In this paper, we propose a clustering method, called Interference-Free Clustering Protocol (IFCP), to partition a WSN into interference-free clusters, making timeslot management much easier to achieve. Moreover, we model the clustering problem as a multi-objective optimization issue and use non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II to solve it. Our proposal is finally compared with two adaptive clustering methods, HEED-CSMA and HEED-BMA, demonstrating that it achieves the good performance in terms of delay, packet delivery ratio, and energy consumption.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.121-136
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• 2023

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have many potential applications and unique challenges. Some problems of WSNs are: severe resources' constraints, low reliability and fault tolerant, low throughput, low scalability, low Quality of Service (QoS) and insecure operational environments. One significant solution against mentioned problems is hierarchical and clustering-based multipath routing. But, existent algorithms have many weaknesses such as: high overhead, security vulnerabilities, address-centric, low-scalability, permanent usage of optimal paths and severe resources' consumption. As a result, this paper is proposed an energy-aware, congestion-aware, location-based, data-centric, scalable, hierarchical and clustering-based multipath routing algorithm based on Numerical Taxonomy technique for homogenous WSNs. Finally, performance of the proposed algorithm has been compared with performance of LEACH routing algorithm; results of simulations and statistical-mathematical analysis are showing the proposed algorithm has been improved in terms of parameters like balanced resources' consumption such as energy and bandwidth, throughput, reliability and fault tolerant, accuracy, QoS such as average rate of packet delivery and WSNs' lifetime.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.37-46
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• 2007

The authentication in WSN(Wireless Sensor Network) usually means the entity authentication, but owing to the data centric nature of sensor network, much more importance must be put on the authentication(or attestation) for code of sensor nodes. The naive approach to the attestation is for the verifier to compare the previously known memory contents of the target node with the actual memory contents in the target node, but it has a significant drawback. In this paper, we show what the drawback is and propose a countermeasure. This scheme can verify the whole memory space of the target node and provides extremely low probability of malicious code's concealment without depending on accurate timing information unlike SWATT. We provide two modes of this verification method: BS-to-node and node-to-node. The performance estimation in various environments is shown.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.34-49
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• 2012

Recently, the smart grid (SG) has been introduced to solve the serious network issues caused by the increasing electrical demand and the complex nonlinear nature of the electric power distribution network. The SG, regarded as the next generation power grid, can transmit power in more efficient ways by building an automatic and distributed energy delivery network. In this paper, we first assess how various existing networking technologies, such as IEEE 802.11 (WiFi) and IEEE 802.15.4 (ZigBee), meet the requirements of the SG communication protocols. Specifically, we classify the existing network protocols into three categories: WSN-based networking, WiFi-based networking, and wireline-based networking. We then survey the security issues regarding the SG. Finally, we propose an agile SG networking architecture and show the effectiveness of different adopted networking technologies and, as a result, present a candidate solution to implement agile networking in SGs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.154-155
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• 2013

This paper presents a user authentication scheme for healthcare application using wireless sensor networks, where wireless sensors are used for patients monitoring. These medical sensors' sense the patient body data and transmit it to the professionals. Since, the data of an individual are highly vulnerable; it must ensures that patients medical vital signs are secure, and are not exposed to an unauthorized person. In this regards, we propose a user authentication scheme for healthcare application using medical sensor networks. The proposed scheme includes: a novel two-factor user authentication, where the healthcare professionals are authenticated before access the patient's body data; a secure session key is establish between the patient sensor node and the professional at the end of user authentication. Furthermore, the analysis shows that the proposed scheme is safeguard to various practical attacks and achieves efficiency at low computation cost.