• 센서학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.141-147
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• 2017

A pressure sensor in pulse measurement system is a core component for precisely measuring the pulse waveform of radial artery. A pulse sensor signal that measures the pulse wave in contact with the skin is affected by the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and skin surface. In this study, we found experimentally that the signal changes of the pressure sensors and a temperature sensor were caused by the temperature of the wrist surface while the pressure sensor was contacted on the skin surface for measuring pulse wave. To observe the signal change of the pulse sensor caused by temperature increase on sensor surface, Peltier device that can be kept at a set temperature was used. As the temperature of Peltier device was kept at $35^{\circ}C$ (the maximum wrist temperature), the device was put on the pulse sensor surface. The temperature and pressure signals were obtained simultaneously from a temperature sensor and six pressure sensors embedded in the pulse sensor. As a result of signal analysis, the sensor pressure was decreased during temperature increase of pulse sensor surface. In addition, the signal difference ratio of pressure and temperature sensors with respect to thickness of cover layer in pulse sensor was increased exponentially. Therefore, the signal of pressure sensor was modified by the compensation equation derived by the temperature sensor signal. We suggested that the thickness of cover layer in pulse sensor should be designed considering the skin surface temperature.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.151-162
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of sports injury among Korean junior elite golf players. The survey was made through the questionnaire which consist of eight categories and 280 valid answers were used to perform frequency analysis. The results indicated that 197 out of 280 participants experienced golf injuries (30%: during a game, 70%: during a practice) and 70% of them also experienced injuries within a year. The frequency analysis for the site of injury has shown that back was the most vulnerable area for all players(33%), followed by the right wrist, left shoulder and elbow for male players. Among female players, left wrist was the second weak site of injury, followed by the right wrist, right thoracic spine, and left shoulder. A few of them also have shown abnormal symptoms of ruptured lumbar disk, scoliosis, and lordosis and these injuries might be caused by the lack of flexibility and the fatigue due to over-practice. High frequency of wrist injury also demonstrated that excessive chopping or punching shot and poor environmental course conditions may cause this injury to be common. Overall, lack of warm up time, lack of strength and flexibility, and excessive amount of practice were the major reasons of injury for the junior elite golfers in Korea. The study also proved that these young Korean golfers actually had more chances to be faced with the injury than average. Thus, it is necessary to develop systematic and scientific methods of training, and prevention, treatment of these injuries with medical professionals.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.65-76
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• 2016

Objectives : Generally, pulsation is influenced by climate change in the realms of nature. However, there is a theory explaining a phenomenon in which the pulse gets weaker and even absent for no reason, without affected by diseases; this is the Theory of South and North Politics with which medical practitioners need to be familiar when taking the pulse of patients. Methods : The researcher considered all the previous annotations and the original text of SuWen (素問) ZhiZhenYaoDaLun(至眞要大論). Results : In Five Elements' Evolutions, JiaJi(甲己) becomes Tu(土), which turns itself into the king, an honorable duty. JiaJi is a period of South Politics because it looks south to give an order while the rest eight years is a period of North Politics because they are headed north to receive an order. Conclusions : Since South Politics years look south as a standard, Cun(寸) is located at the south and Chi(尺) is at the north. Controlling the Heaven energy(司天) is located at the south and Effecting the Earth energy(在泉) is at the north. Therefore, if Sanyin is Controlling the Heaven energy(三陰司天), the Cun pulse is absent; if Shaoyin is Controlling the Heaven energy(少陰司天), Cun pulses on both wrists are not felt; if Jueyin is Controlling the Heaven energy(厥陰司天), the Cun pulse on the right wrist disappears; if Taiyin is Controlling the Heaven energy(太陰司天), the Cun pulse on the left wrist is not felt. In the case of Chi, if Sanyin is Effecting the Earth energy(三陰在泉), the Chi pulse is absent; if Shaoyin is Effecting the Earth energy(少陰在泉), Chi pulses on both wrists are not felt; if Jueyin is Effecting the Earth energy(厥陰在泉), the Chi pulse on the right wrist disappears; if Taiyin is Effecting the Earth energy(太陰在泉), the Chi pulse on the left wrist is not felt. North Politics years appears conversely as compared with South Politics years.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.477-485
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• 2010

Purpose : The clinical scale to assess spasticity of muscle was wildly used the modified Ashworth scale (MAS). But reliability of the MAS has been controverted for ambiguity among the grades. The purpose of this study was to establish the inter-rater reliability of the modified MAS (MMAS) translated into Korean in stroke patients. Methods : Twenty-five patients (sixteen men and nine women) with hemiplegia (ten right and fifteen left) were measured by two raters who were physical therapist in the rehabilitation hospital. The raters assessed spasticity of shoulder adductor, elbow flexor, wrist flexor, hip adductor, knee extensor, and ankle plantar flexor in the same patients according to ratings criteria of the MAS and the MMAS. Results : For the inter-rater reliability of the MAS, two raters agreed on 57.3% and the Kappa values were moderate ($\kappa$=0.41) between two rater. The inter-rater reliability of the MAS was fair for the wrist flexor and the hip adductor and moderate for the other muscles. The intra-rater reliability was good for the shoulder adductor and the knee extensor and moderate for the other muscles. For the inter-rater reliability of the MMAS, two raters agreed on 84.7% and the Kappa values were good ($\kappa$=0.78) between two rater. The inter-rater reliability of the MMAS was moderate for the hip adductor, and good for the shoulder adductor and the wrist flexor, and very good for the other muscles. The intra-rater reliability was good for the wrist flexor and the hip adductor and very good for the other muscles. Conclusion : This study suggests that the MMAS translated into Korean is reliable test scale for the spasticity with stroke patients in the clinical field.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sleep/wake behavior for shift workers in the iron and steel industry using wrist actigraph for 59 male workers on a continuous full-day three-team three-shift system of backward rotation including on-duty and off-duty periods. The wrist actigraph data were recorded for 15 days (l shift cycle) for each subject. The sleep length at home during night shift decreased significantly as compared to the morning or evening shifts. The night shift nap length increased significantly in all sections as compared to the morning or evening shifts. The nap length in the Steel Manufacturing Process and Rolling Process during night shift decreased significantly as compared to the Machine Maintenance Section, the Forwarding of Products Section, and the Field Management Section. However, the sleep length at home while off-duty period increased significantly. The percentage of nap length during night shift in the Rolling Process, Steel Manufacture Process, and the other three types of jobs was 16.0%, 20.4%, and about 50.0%, respectively. The nap length during night shift for the above 50 year olds increased significantly as compared to the below 50 year olds. Finally, we discussed the role of nap-taking during the burden on night shift workers and the increased difficulty in continuing their job.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.123-134
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• 2016

웨어러블 디바이스는 사람과 사물, 그리고 공간이 연결된 사물인터넷 가상세계가 다가오면서 전 세계로부터 주목받고 있다. 하지만 웨어러블 디바이스 시장 활성화는 기대에 비해 다소 지연되고 있다. 웨어러블 디바이스의 확산을 위해서는 소비자에게 존재하는 저항을 완화시켜 소비자의 저항을 극복하는 노력이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 웨어러블 디바이스 시장에서 가장 수요가 높은 손목형 웨어러블 디바이스에 초점을 맞추어, 혁신저항이 혁신특성과 소비자특성 변인을 매개하여 손목형 웨어러블 디바이스의 수용의도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보았다. 연구 결과, 소비자가 인지하는 손목형 웨어러블 디바이스의 혁신 특성 요인 중 상대적 이점, 개선된 혁신기대, 복잡성, 재정적 위험, 신체적 위험 등이 혁신저항에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 소비자 특성요인 중 혁신성향과 기존 아날로그 시계 제품태도가 혁신저항에 유의한 영향을 미치고, 혁신저항이 혁신특성과 소비자특성을 매개하여 수용의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.8-16
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• 2012

스포츠 활동에 대한 참여도가 높아짐에 따라 스포츠 손상의 발생빈도도 증가되고 있으며 특히 손목 부위는 상지의 다른 부위에 비해 손상의 빈도가 높다. 손목 스포츠 손상은 일반적으로 과다 사용 손상과 외상성 손상으로 분류되고 있는데 이 중 외상성 손상은 과격한 접촉이나 충돌이 필요로 하는 운동에서 나타나며 주로 골절, 탈구 및 인대 파열과 같은 급성 손상을 의미한다. 과다사용 손상은 미세한 외상이 반복적으로 가해져 결국은 생체내 회복 능력을 벗어나 정상적인 조직에 손상을 주게 되어 나타나는 드 꿰르벵 병, 척 수근 신건염, 교차 증후군 등의 염증성 병변은 물론 유구골구 피로 골절, 척 수근 신건의 아탈구, 만성 주상 월상골간 불안정, 삼각섬유연골 복합체의 퇴행성 파열 등과 같은 만성 외상성 병변을 포함한다. 저자는 손목의 과다사용 및 외상성 병변과 관련된 스포츠 손상을 기술하고 특히 각 손상의 진단, 보존적 및 수술적 치료의 장점과 단점 등에 초점을 맞추어 기술하고자 한다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.135-148
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• 1987

To investigate the relationship between craniofacial growth and bone maturity of the hand wrist in normal occlusion, the author took cephalogram and handwrist radiogram of 391 students (male 192, female 199) and assessed the measurements of cephalogram according to skeletal maturity stages of the hand and wrist. In this study, four skeketal stages and 36 linear, angular measurements of the cephalometrics were selected. In hand-wrist X-ray the bones used to determine skeletal maturity were the middle phalanges of the third finger, and distal epiphysis of the radius. In cephalogram, the landmark used to measure the angle and length were N, S, Po., Ar., Go., Me., Gn., Pog., Point B, Point A, ANS, PNS, Or., U1, L1, U6, L6 etc.. The results were as follows, 1. The table of mean, standard deviation, p-value from measurements were made in each group and both sex. 2. The increased measurements according to skeletal maturity were anterior cranial bese length, posterior cranial base length, ramus height, anterior facial height, posterior facial height, L1 to mandibular plane (mm), facial plane angle. In contrast to, decreased measurements were genial angle, facial cnvexity and facial plane angle. 3. Denture pattern measurements (IMPA, FMIA, occlusal plane to Go-Gn, interincisal angle, U1 to SN plane, U1 to SN plane, U1 to facial plane, L1 to facial plane etc.) .had nothing to do with skeletal maturity. 4. Skeletal maturity had close relationship with craniofacial growth, but had little to do with tooth development.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.488-497
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• 1984

본 연구에서는 Fig.1과 같은 조립용 손목을 개발하였는데, 유연성의 구조는 RCC의 원리를 이용하고, 감지성은 Hi-Thand에서 채택한 스트레인 게이지 방식을 적용 하였다. 이 조립용 손목의 성능실험은 조립될 부품간의 틈새율, 부품의 길이 그리고 오차의 크기에 따라 수행하였으며, 조립시 스트레인 게이지로부터 측정되는 반력들은 D.E.Whitney의 조립이론식을 적용하여 구한 이론치와 비교하여 보았다. 반력을 측정 하는 궁극적인 목적은 이 측정치를 이용하여 귀환제어함으로써 초기오차를 수정하는 것이기 때문에 귀환제어를 어떻게 하느냐에 따라 조립시 생기는 반력이나 조립시간이 달라진다. 따라서 귀환제어를 위한 제어 알고리즘을 개발하였고 조립시 발생하는 반 력을 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통하여 구해서 귀환제어 시키지 않을시 즉 수정적 방법에 의해서 조립할때에 발생하는 힘과를 비교 분석하였다.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2020

PURPOSE: Physical therapists are always exposed to work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Although kinesio taping can support the joints and assist movement, studies of the effects of kinesio taping on these physical therapists are lacking. This study examined the effects of Kinesio-taping on pain, grip strength, range of motion and daily living skills in physical therapists with work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Pain was measured using a 100 mm VAS. The grip strength was measured using a handgrip dynamometer. The range of joint motion was measured using a goniometer. Living skills were measured by patient-rated wrist evaluation. METHODS: Twenty physical therapists with wrist pain (Kinesio taping: n = 10, Sham taping: n = 10) received taping for each group, and measured the pain, grip strength, range of motion and daily living skills before (Baseline) and after taping (Nine hours). RESULTS: All data were analyzed using Repeated Measure ANOVA (p < .05). In the Kinesio group, resting pain (-14.9), movement pain (-20.5), and daily living skills (-9.55) were improved significantly compared to the baseline (p < .05). The grip strength and range of motion were not changed (p > .05). The sham group showed no significant change in all variables (p > .05). CONCLUSION: Physical therapists with work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the wrist should apply kinesiotaping to improve the occupational tasks.