• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.5 no.9
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• pp.285-292
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• 2016

By adding short-range wireless communication function such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi to the last vehicle in conjunction with a smart phone, a modern automobile is becoming entertainment screen to determine a variety of information such as car location information, diagnosis information, etc. through the ECU vehicle electronic control unit. In this study, by utilizing short-range communications capability of the on-board diagnostic devices and smart phones in association with the on-board diagnostics, compatibility tests among a number of smart phone models, Bluetooth and NFC(Near Field Communication) were carried out and those results were analyzed. Furthermore, composition of on-board diagnostic device having Bluetooth and NFC interface function and the fault diagnosis function were implemented, and fault diagnosis debugging program was developed. In addition, fault diagnosis data of the vehicle via the OBD-II interface was extracted. Finally, the on-board diagnostics CAN Protocol implementation has been proposed, and the results of work was analyzed.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.473-480
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• 2019

The smart home is a technology that can monitor and control by connecting everything to a communication network in various fields such as home appliances, energy consumers, and security devices. The Smart home is developing not only automatic control but also learning situation and user's taste and providing the result accordingly. This paper proposes a model that can provide a comfortable indoor environment control service for the user's characteristics by detecting the user's behavior as well as the automatic remote control service. The whole system consists of ESP 8266 with sensor and Wi-Fi, Firebase as a real-time database, and a smartphone application. This model is divided into functions such as learning mode when the home appliance is operated, learning control through learning results, and automatic ventilation using indoor and outdoor sensor values. The study used moving averages for temperature and humidity in the control of home appliances such as air conditioners, humidifiers and air purifiers. This system can provide higher quality service by analyzing and predicting user's characteristics through various machine learning and deep learning.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.655-666
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• 2021

This study aims to classify wearable devices for infants and children according to their function, and to analyze the types and attachment methods of the devices by function, operating system, characteristics of materials, and types of batteries, and to identify the points for improvement. Forty-eight types of devices investigated through previous studies and keyword research online were analyzed. Wearable devices for infants and children were classified according to their functions into wearable monitors, wearable thermometers, GPS trackers, and smart watches. Devices had different shapes and attachment methods according to their functions, and were mainly clothes or accessory types. The accessory type devices were attached to the body using velcro, clips, bands, or adhesives. Wearable monitors and thermometers mainly used Bluetooth to transmit data wirelessly, and location trackers used various combinations of 4G(LTE), 5G networks, GPS, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth. Smartwatches had different functions depending on whether smart phones were linked to them or not. Wearable monitors and thermometers mainly used by infants provided material information, but other devices did not. These devices used rechargeable, replaceable, non-rechargeable or non-replaceable batteries. Wearable devices need to be improved to reduce the discomfort experienced by infants and children due to the attachment position, malfunction, skin trouble caused by materials, short time of use of batteries, version conflict and complexity with the device when linking with a smart phone, and non-operation when using Bluetooth.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.307-309
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• 2016

This paper present about the system for sensing and controlling a wireless power transfer system using bluetooth protocol in robot, healthcare, smart-grid, and autonomous car. Recently a variety of applications using the Internet of Things (Internet of Things) and machine to machine (Machine to Machine) have been raised in many industries. To do this, it requires the fusion technology which is constituted with control, computing and networking. Embedded system is centered existing control system and Cyber Physical System(CPS) is the systems which was converged of a computing technologies using a wired or wireless network. CPS was adopted in the future government-led technology in the United States and Europe and is being pursued in cooperation with institutes, industries, and academia. In this paper, we implement and describe a technique for controlling the system for transmitting power wirelessly by sensing method using the matching of CPS technology concepts.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.70-83
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• 2019

This paper reviews how geographers have embraced the information and communication technology and expanded their perspectives from real space to virtual space. Information and communication geography research on the wired internet infrastructure began in the late 1990s, but the tradition has not been succeeded for the wireless internet technology. While the relationship-expansion, reproduction, and constraint-between real and virtual spaces have been studied by virtual geography scholars, we need more empirical research to reveal to what extent the two spaces impact to each other. To empirically investigate the physicality of the virtual, it will be useful to combine information and communication geography and virtual geography. However, it should be noted that empirical studies in the subfields can be criticized as being data- or technological deterministic.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Business Review
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.57-76
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• 2018

The "Internet of things" (IoT) is becoming an increasingly growing topic of conversation, it is a new emergent technology that can be present in almost every field and application. It's a concept that not only has the potential to impact how people live but also how people work. Broadband Internet and Mobile Internet are becoming more widely available, the cost of the service is decreasing, more devices are being created with Wi-Fi capabilities and sensors built into them, technology costs are going down, and smartphone penetration is growing so fast. All of these facts are creating the best environment for the IoT applications. In a country like Ecuador, is important to have a previous analysis about the feasibility of the implementation of this new technology in order to know what are the challenges the country has to face, and also to not stay behind as the other countries in the region are advancing. Currently, this kind of analysis does not exist. The Internet of Things is an innovation where business and technology models in Ecuador are relatively unexplored. The current infrastructure deployed in Ecuador and the available devices in the market are the central facts to initiate with the research, which is a starting point to show if Ecuador is ready to this technology, and if is not ready what is missing. This study shows the current telecommunications status in Ecuador, and its strengths and weaknesses to start the deployment of Internet of Things. Besides, it also will show the most likely applications that can be easily adopted for the Ecuadorian market with its respective availability, affordability, and adaptability.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.13-21
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• 2019

The restricted network or the unbalanced distribution of spectrum is causing the problems of lack of spectrum resources and deterioration of the service quality. In addition, the existing centralized radio sharing method has not been a fundamental solution for radio sharing and is inefficient in terms of cost, convenience, and security. In this paper, we propose a blockchain-based spectrum sharing as a low-cost, trustworthy, high-efficiency platform that can distribute and share spectrum resources, and propose policies to realize this. In the spectrum sharing platform, spectrum information about Wi-Fi AP and LTE mobile hotspot is registered in the blockchain, and spectrum sharers and users can conclude peer-to-peer spectrum sharing contract quickly and efficiently through smart contract. The pay for the shared spectrum resources and reward for spectrum quality management open platform ecosystem to activate the circulation-sharing and it can provide a convenient and efficient public wireless infrastructure.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.835-838
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• 2013

국토해양부에서는 전국 도로표지의 효율적인 관리를 위해 국내 300여개 도로표지 관리기관에서 도로표지업무에 활용할 수 있도록 2001년 웹 기반의 도로표지전산관리시스템을 구축하였고, 2003년 도로표지종합관리센터를 설립하여 지속적으로 운영해오고 있다. 이는 네트워크 기반의 도로망도 상에서 전국 도로표지를 연계하여 관리할 수 있어 도로표지의 안내 연결성 확보 등 국내 도로표지 관리업무에 많은 부분 기여해 왔다. 최근 들어서는 모바일 환경이 구축되면서 인터넷이 연결된 사무공간 외에 현장에서도 시스템을 활용하고자 하는 요구가 증가하게 되었다. 따라서 도로표지종합관리센터에서는 도로표지전산관리시스템 이용자들의 편의를 증진하기 위하여 현장지원을 위한 도로표지 모바일 어플리케이션을 개발하였다. 모바일 어플리케이션은 스마트폰, 스마트패드 등 3G/4G/Wi-Fi 등 무선통신이 가능한 다양한 모바일 스마트 기기를 활용하여 도로표지전산관리시스템의 기능을 현장에서 활용할 수 있도록 하였으며, 현장이라는 공간 특성을 반영하여 쉽고 간단하게 기능을 구현하였다는 데 특징이 있다. 이를 통해 도로표지 담당자들은 언제 어디서든 도로표지 정보의 조회가 가능하고, 현장조사 시 표지 사진과 관련 정보를 수집하여 현장에서 즉시 도로표지전산관리시스템에 표지정보를 입력하거나 수정 할 수 있다. 현재는 모바일 어플리케이션 버전 1.0이 개발된 상태이며, 향후 다양하고 반복적인 사용자 활용 패턴을 면밀히 분석하여 보다 사용하기 쉽게 도로표지전산관리시스템 기능을 사무공간에서와 같이 모바일 어플리케이션도 사용할 수 있도록 지속적으로 개선해 나가고자 한다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.51-61
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• 2021

In the era of the 4th industrial revolution symbolized by the Internet of Things, big data and artificial intelligence, various embedded devices are increasing exponentially. These devices have communication functions despite their low specifications, so the possibility of personal information leakage is increasing, and security threats are also increasing. Embedded devices can have security issues at most levels, from hardware to services over the network. In addition, it is difficult to apply general security techniques because it has characteristics of resource constraints such as low specifications and low power, and the related technology has not been standardized. In this study, we present vulnerabilities and possible problems and considerations in applying SDN to embedded devices in consideration of structural characteristics and real-world discovered cases. This study presents vulnerabilities and possible problems and considerations when applying SDN to embedded devices. From a hardware perspective, we consider the problems of Wi-Fi chips and Bluetooth, the problems of open flow implementation, SDN controllers, and examples of structural properties. SDN separates the data plane and the control plane, and provides a standardized interface between the two, enabling efficient communication control. It can respond to the security limitations of existing network technologies that are difficult to respond to rapid changes.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.600-608
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• 2020

Machine learning constructs an objective function from learning data, and predicts the result of the data generated by checking the objective function through test data. In machine learning, input data is subjected to a normalisation process through a preprocessing. In the case of numerical data, normalization is standardized by using the average and standard deviation of the input data. In the case of nominal data, which is non-numerical data, it is converted into a one-hot code form. However, this preprocessing alone cannot solve the problem. For this reason, we propose a method that uses ontology to normalize input data in this paper. The test data for this uses the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) value of the Wi-Fi device collected from the mobile device. These data are solved through ontology because they includes noise and heterogeneous problems.