• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.43-54
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• 1986

To increase the bioavailability of clonixin, clonixin argininate was prepared and compared with clonixin by determining solubility, pKa, lipid-water partition coefficient, dissolution rate and in vivo tests. The results are summerized as followings; 1) The solubility of clonixin argininate was increased by 20 times in water, about 1.2 times in pH 1.2 and pH 8.0 buffer solution, and about 1.8 times in pH 6.8 buffer solution compared with that of clonixin. 2) pKa values of clonixin, clonixin lysinate and clonixin argininate were 6.32, 7.20 and 7.45, respectively. 3) The lipid-water partition coefficient of clonixin argininate was increased more than that of the clonixin in n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, methylene chloride, and n-butanol, but the partition coefficient of clonixin was increased more than that of clonixin argininate in benzene/pH 1.2 buffer solution, ether/pH 8.0 buffer solution, and 3-methylbutyl acetate/pH 1.2, pH 8.0 buffer solution. 4) The time required to dissolve 60% $(T_{60%},\;min.)$ of clonixin argininate was about 1.5 min. in water and pH 1.2 buffer solution, and about 5 min. in pH 6.8 buffer solution. $T_{60%}$ of clonixin lysinate was about 1.5 min. in water, about 1.8 min. in pH 6.8 buffer solution, and about 8 min. in pH 1.2 buffer solution. But $T_{60%}$ of clonixin was about 96 min. in pH 6.8 buffer solution, over 2 hours in water and pH 1.2 buffer solution. 5) Anti-inflammatory effect of clonixin argininate was increased more than that of clonixin over 6 hours, and that of clonixin lysinate was followed by lapse of time. 6) Analgesic effect of clonixin argininate was increased by 1.5 times more than that of clonixin and the effect of clonixin argininate was nearly identical with that of clonixin lysinate. 7) The absorption rates (Ka) of clonixin, clonixin lysinate and clonixin argininate were $0.169\;hr^{-1},\;0.652\;hr^{-1}$ and $0.723\;hr^{-1}$ in situ, respectively.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.51-57
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• 1985

To attempt to measure the effect of domestic product P.H.A. kit 'Hepa-S' after completion of 'Hepa-Vax' vaccination schedule, P.H.A. test and R.I.A. test on the 330 healthy adults were carried out. The results obtained were as follow ; 1. The positive anti HBs rate after completion of 'Hepa-Vax' vaccination were; in P.H.A. test with domestic product P.H.A. kit 81.2%, in P.H.A. test with foreign product P.H.A. kit 82.7%, and in R.I.A. test 95.8% 2. Using the result of R.I.A. test as the standard, sensitivity of P.H.A. test with domestic product P.H.A. kit was 84.8% and specificity was 100.0% 3. Using the result of R.I.A. test as standard, sensitivity of P.H.A. test with foreign P.H.A. kit was 86.4% and specificity was 100.0%. 4. The concordance rate of P.H.A. test with domestic product and foreign product kit was 98.5%. On the result of this study, there was no significant difference in the validity between the domestic product P.H.A. kit 'Hepa-S' and the foreign P.H.A. kit $'Hebsgencell^{TM}'$. So that it is recommendable to use domestic product P.H.A. kit instead of foreign product P.H.A. kit.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.243-257
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• 2013

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the factors affecting the dropout intentions of the dental technology students of a college. Methods: The subject of this study was 76 freshmen and 74 sophomores of dental technician major in an anonymous college. Results from the questionnaire called K-vision diagnosis program were computed by means of t-test, One-Way ANOVA, and correlation analysis. Results: 1. Total points of the drop out intention came to 782.14 points. Of the five categories concerned with the drop out intention, complain in college satisfaction(50.12points) was the highest and department satisfaction(47.51points) was the lowest. Of 16 subcategories, complaining in administrative supporting system proved the highest as 50.80 points and Inquiry to Professor the lowest(45.56 points). 2. Among the general characteristic gender (p<. 01), student group (p<.01), and credit (p<.05) made a meaningful statistical difference; no statistical significance was found in grade, admission, and dwellings. 3. Of the five categories, statistical significance was shown as follows; Department satisfaction (p<.01), College satisfaction (p<.05) under gender, Department satisfaction (p<.05) in grade, Academic integration (p<.01), Department satisfaction (p<.01) in credit. No statistical meaning was found in admission and dwellings. 4. Statistical significance was found under 16 subcategories as follows: Career identification(p<.01), Academic support system(p<.01), Social activity II(p<.05) in gender area, Inquiry to professor(p<.01), Learning(p<.05), Understanding learning I(p<.05) in grade area, Learning(p<.001), Career identification(p<.001), Understanding learning I(p<.01), Understanding learning II(p<.01), Inquiry to professor (p<.01), Learning ability (p<.05), Occupation (p<.05), Social Activity II(p<.05), Administrative support system (p<.05) in student group area, Credit (p<.001), Career identification (p<.01), Understanding learning I(p<.05) in credit area; admission and dwellings was statistically meaningless. 5. Of the 5 categories academic integration (r=.766) was most relevant to the dropout intention of the subjects and followed by department satisfaction (r=.735), college satisfaction (r=.554), service acceptability (r=.373), and statistical significance was shown as p<.01. Conclusion: Considering the results of this study, we are in a pressing need for the introduction of policies and programmes aiming at preventing the dropout rates of the dental technician majors at college. In tandem with this, qualitative and viable human resource management of the dental technicians should be implemented.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2011

본 연구는 폐콘크리트로부터 발생한 성토 복토용 순환잔골재의 pH 저감을 목적으로 자연적 처리 방법 및 인위적 처리 방법을 이용하여 순환잔골재의 pH 저감특성을 비교 분석 하고자 하였는데, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 실내방치된 순환잔골재의 경우는 사람의 호흡 등 대기중 높은 $CO_2$농도로 인해 실외방치된 순환잔골재보다, 또한 쌓기 두께가 얇을수록 pH를 저감시킨 것으로 분석된다. 공기투과의 경우 비교적 순환잔골재의 pH저감이 효과적이었는데 이는 고압의 환풍기로 인해 순환잔골재에 원활한 $CO_2$ 공급으로 pH를 저감시킨 것으로 판단된다. 살수처리의 경우 미수화 시멘트의 수화반응을 촉진시켜 수산화칼슘을 용해시키고, 건조과정중 대기중 $CO_2$에 의한 중성화로 pH를 크게 저감시키는 것으로 나타났으며 침수처리에서는 pH 저감 효과가 미흡하였다. $CO_2$촉진의 경우 순환잔골재의 pH저감 효과가 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 원활한 $CO_2$공급이 가능하기 때문인 것으로 분석된다. 이상의 실험 결과를 종합하면, pH 저감성능, 경제성 및 작업성 측면을 고려할 경우 순환잔골재 질량비 1: 0.5 비율로 살수한 다음, 강제적인 $CO_2$가스의 처리로 건습을 반복한다면 순환잔골재의 pH저감에 가장 효과적인 방법이 될 것으로 분석된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.395-402
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• 1979

Intracellular pH was determined by distribution of 5.5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidlnedione [DMO]in the skeletal muscle of dogs before and after lactic acidosis induced by intravenous infusion of lactic acid solution. After infusion of lactic acid solution arterial pH decreased from 7.40 to around 7.12 [P<0.001]and metabolic acidosis was induced. However, dose-pH change response was not proportional as in the case of hydrochloric acid infusion. During lactic acidosis, intracellular pH changed very little except when venous blood $pCO_2$ increased significantly. The decrease of intracellular pH in lactic acidosis might be due primarily to the increase of intracellular $pCO_2$. And during lactic acidosis, change of extracellular pH was larger than that of intracellular pH, and this was also the case of change In hydrogen Ion concentration in extracellular and intracellular fluid. The fact was estimated that exogenous lactic acid transported into the cell does not contribute to pH change by the participation in the metabolism. Change in plasma potassium Ion concentration was not eminent as metabolic acid-base disturbances by other origin, and changing pattern of Hi/He ratio was not same as Ki/Ke ratio. In spite of no changes in extracellular potassium ion concentration after exogenous lactic acidosis total amount of potassium ion in extracellular fluid increased from 12.62mEg to 18.26mEg [P< 0.05].

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2000

This study was carried out to improve the tobacco field condition and to determine the effect of lime amount and application time on soil pH, yield, and quality of leaf tobacco. Lime was applied to the tobacco field by determined amounts according to different pH level. The changes of soil pH, growth of tobacco, yield, and quality of KF109 and Br21 tobacco were surveyed by time lapse. The target pH value in tobacco field soil can be reached at 6 weeks after lime application, and then the soil pH was lowered slightly after that time. The lime amount needed to reach target pH was decreased 40 % in the same tobacco field after 1 year. Though the initial growth rate of flue-cured tobacco in the field of pH 7.0 was lower than that of conventional tobacco field, the field of pH 7.0 showed the highest yield after the maximum growth stage. The quality of cured leaf tobacco in the field of pH 7.0 applied lime at spring season was slightly lowered compared with that in conventional. This results indicated that the best pH condition in tobacco field for the best tobacco growth was 6.5 and the proper time of lime application was fall season of previous year by application of the whole quantity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.925-929
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• 1996

Uranyl hydrolysis precipitates were obtained by increasing pH value of aqueous uranyl solution in the range of neutral to alkaline pH value and their phase transformation during the solubility experiment under various conditions has been examined. The precipitates formed in the hydrolysis reaction of uranyl ion had a layered structure such as a meta-schoepite phase, a schoepite structure, or a mixed phase of meta-schoepite and schoepite. Phase transformation between them was strongly dependent on the pH value at which the precipitate was formed. The distance between the layers in meta-schoepite or schoepite phase was ∼7.35 Å, and it was increased with the pH value at which the precipitate was synthesized as well as the pH values of the aqueous solution. The phase transformation from a meta-schoepite to schoepite was fast for the precipitates formed at low pH values, however, it was not the case for the precipitates formed at high pH values. A small difference of pH value in aqueous solution gave a great change on its solubilities near pH 9.7, because a layered structure of the precipitates became amorphous above that pH value. Greater solubility for the precipitate formed at higher pH value can be explained from the fact that the precipitates formed at low pH value had a better crystallinity and also that the precipitates formed at higher pH value has a slower rate of crystallization.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.81-93
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• 2003

This study was performed to compare nutrient intake, bone density, total cholesterol and blood glucose in women who lived in Taegu city. The number of subjects participated in the study was 89 and they were classified into 3 groups by age. 30.3% of the subject were in their 20-34 years of age, 37.1% were in their 35～49 years of age and 32.6% were above fifty. A dietary record method was used to assess the nutritional intake of subjects. Anthropometric measurement such as body weight, height and WHR, and blood pressure, blood glucose, cholesterol and BMD were measured. The results were as follows, mean weight, WHR, SBP, and blood glucose and total cholesterol of the subjects above 50 years old were significantly higher than those of 20-49 years of age(p<0.05). Mean bone density in calcaneus of subjects aged above fifty was lower than those of under 49 years of age(p<0.05). Weight, BMI, waist circumference, WHR and SBP were positively correlated with age(p<0.01). WHR and body fat were positively correlated with BMI(p<0.01). Waist circumference was positively correlated with SBP(p<0.01). Bone mineral density was negatively correlated with age and SBP(p<0.01). Also BMD was positively correlated with weight(p<0.05). Energy intakes was positively correlated with bone mineral density(p<0.05). Fat intakes was negatively correlated with SBP and blood glucose(p<0.05). Calcium intakes was negatively correlated with SBP(p<0.05). Ca/P ratio was negatively correlated with age(p<0.05) and WHR(p<0.01). Zinc intakes was negatively correlated with SBP and blood glucose(p<0.05). From the findings, it is suggested that the women after menopause keep the optimum body weight and good eating habits. Especially intake of good quality protein, calcium and carbohydrate seemed to be important.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2002

To investigate the cardiopulmonary and anesthetic effects of propofol in dogs, experimental dogs were randomly divided into 4 groups (propofol infusion anesthesia, P/INF, propofol intermittent anesthesia, P/INTER, propofol induction anesthesia, P/ISO, thiopental Na induction anesthesia, T/ISO) and monitored analgesic and anesthetic effects, recovery time, body temperature, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, respiratory rate, systolic and diastolic pressure. In all groups, apnea was not observed. In the P/INF group, the respiratory rate(RR) was slightly decreased, but in the P/INTER group, RR was increased and shallowing. In the groups of P/ISO and T/ISO, the respiratory rate was decreased. Heart rate(HR) was increased after induction anesthesia in all groups, but gradually decreased. Mean arterial pressure(MAP) was decreased after injection anesthesia in the groups of P/INF and P/INTER. In the groups of P/ISO and T/ISO, however, MAP was slightly increased. Systolic and diastolic arterial pressure were gradually decreased after induction anesthesia, but not significantly. In the groups of P/INF and P/ISO, recovery time was shorter than the groups of P/INTER and T/ISO. In all groups, body temperature of animals was decreased gradually according to time but no significant changes were observed. Propofol injection doesn't make the complete loss of responses of animals, especially, in the P/INTER group. In the P/INF group, deep pain was present until the end of anesthetic period. During recovery period, any other side effects except incoordination were not monitored. The present study suggested that infusion anesthesia was superior to intermittent anesthesia as injection anesthetic agent, and propofol was better than thiopental Na as induction anesthetic agent.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.9-12
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• 1985

증폭된 재조합 trp operon의 발현을 위한 숙주박테리아 개발의 일환으로 숙수 E. coli에 $aroP^{-}$ 변이를 도입하였다. $aroP^{-}$ 변이의 유도에는 trans po son Tn10을 사용하였으며 P1Kc파아지를 이용하여 숙주박테리아에 형질도입하였다. General aromatic amino acid transport system이 결여된 $aroP^{-}$ 변이주는 $\beta$-thienylalanine ($(2{\times}10^{-4}M)$). p-fluor-phenylalanine ($(2{\times}10^{-4}M)$) 그리고 5-methyltryptophan에 저항성을 가졌다. $aroP^{-}$ 변이주는 $aroP^{-}$ 야생주에 비해서 〔$[^3H]$-tryptophan uptake가 상당히 감소하였다. 또한 NaN, ($(2{\times}10^{-4}M)$)를 처리하였을 때의 ($[^3H]$)-tryptophan uptake 비율은 aroP 변이주가 $aroP^{-}$야생주보다 덜 감소하였다. E. coli $trpR^{-ts}/ColE_1 -trp^+$ 균주에 aroP 형질을 도입하였을 때 트립토판 방출이 $aroP^{-}$ 야생주에 비해서 4 배나 증가하였다.