• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.33-44
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• 2015

The fast and competitive urbanization has accelerated unbalanced land utilization and housing, thereby producing large number of decaying areas and socially disadvantaged population, while generally promoted citizen's quality of life. Since rental housing policy, therefore, has emerged as a major important issue to solve these ever increasing problems, new concepts in leading examples need to be explored to stimulate creative ideas for future housing improvement. The purpose of this research is to extract successful factors of a leading rental housing 'Manhattan Plaza' in New York city, expecting useful implications for housing improvement in Korea. Field visit and in-depth interview for data collection and qualitative approach for analysis were carried out. As results, its successful sustainability and fame were found to be attributable to following concepts, such as, socially integrative mix of diverse residents, residents' participation in management, privacy respect administration, considerate planning and design features of physical environment. The latter, especially, were prominent in peripheral spaces, indoor and outdoor community spaces, and private spaces. Based on the results, suggestions were made for future Korean rental housing development.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2019

In order to assess the impacts of drawdown for land-use change on a Sphagnum-marsh, we compared the vegetation and flora of the wetland before and after the drawdown with focusing on the population of Sphagnum palustre L. Remarkable changes in the coverage of S. palustre and the major vegetational components of the wetland were observed. The coverage of S. palustre markedly decreased by about 75% (from approx. 247 ㎥ in 2011 to approx. 62 ㎥ in 2015) after the drawdown. Tree species such as Salix spp. extended (from about 70% to about 83% in the total coverage of the wetland), whereas herbaceous species shrunk after the drawdown. Upland-inhabiting species such as obligate plants for uplands (OBU) increased, whereas wetland-inhabiting species such as facultative plants for wetlands (FACW) and OBW decreased in terms of vegetational coverage. The total number of plant species decreased from 70 species to 62 species after the drawdown, including the disappearance of some wetland-inhabiting species from the wetland. We suggest that the attention for further studies on the abandoned paddy terraces (APTs) and effort for the management and conservation of APTs and APT-inhabiting species that are vulnerable to human-induced disturbances have to be paid more.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.676-685
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• 2003

Purpose: To investigate the abilities to act and fear of falling in home-dwelling elderly. Methods: This study interviewed 351 home-dwelling elders residing in Seoul and Gyonggi-do using a Survey of Activities and Fear of Falling in the Elderly. Results: Of the 351 subjects, 203(57.8%) had activity restrictions. The main three activities that the subjects could not perform were going out when it is slippy, reaching something overhead and walking crowded places outside. According to general characteristics, performable activities were significantly fewer in subjects perceiving that their health status was low that those perceiving that their health status was high. On a scale of 3 points for fear of falling, the average score of the subjects was 1.46. The highest score of fear of falling was 2.62 for the activity of going out when it is slippery, next 1.87 for the activity of reaching something overhead. There was a significant inverse relationship between subjects' abilities to act and fear of falling. Conclusions: The significant variables associated with fear of falling were gender(female), educational background, economic status (low-income), and experience of falls during the last one year. Thus further study is necessary, focused on the vulnerable population in order to prevent falls and to reduce fear of falling.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.300-310
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the role of community health nurse through a nurse practitioner of primary health care post. Methods: An assay, 'Even if we were allowed to look at', written by a nurse practitioner of primary health care post was analyzed with the contents analysis method. Results: In the assay, we checked the following roles: client-oriented, delivery-oriented, and population-oriented roles described and classified by Clark. In particular, direct care such as in-patient care, home visiting nursing care, and drug prescription was frequently performed. Moreover, community health nurse has been listening, counselling, expressing sympathy, and advocating vulnerable elderly people economically and psychologically. Conclusion: The assay gave us a better understanding of the role of community health nurse, and we need more assays delineating the role of community health nurse in others setting as well primary health care post.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.649-657
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• 2013

Purpose: In this study, the actual situation of domestic firms vulnerable to industrial security competence will be discussed. And accordingly be discussed for effective response measures. Methods: Using a structured questionnaire by mail, fax, e-mail and fill method was used respondents. By the end of '10 R&D Center, which holds 15,247 companies(population) among the 95% level of confidence, tolerance ${\pm}3%$ p-level corporate type, sector, region extraction method stratified multi-level companies were investigated through the final 1529. Results: The average level of industrial security capabilities 43.8%(out of 100) is very weak, so urgent and positive response measures also need to be investigated sought. Conclusion: we propose the effective management framework and improvement plans to prevent illegal industrial leakage are to be made.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2016

Modern society is suffering from the phenomena of low-fertile, ultra-aging, and low-growth. On this social flow, most social classes undergo vulnerable situation and their overall housing and living condition have difficulties. So far many housing guidelines for diverse population were developed, recently, inclusive 'Customized Housing Design Guideline for Childcare Families' in terms of maintaining family and society has been completed. The purpose of this study is to analyze User Benefit Characteristics of 'Customized Housing Design Guideline for Childcare Families'. The research subjects are essential 140 guidelines appropriate to children's development and parents' care. The research method is contents analysis and the analysis criterion are 4 concepts of the User Benefit Criteria- 'Behavioral Facilitation (BF)', 'Physiological Maintenance (PhM)', 'Perceptual Maintenance (PM)', 'Social Facilitation (SF)'. 3 people inter-raters reliability was established. Altogether, the guidelines were rated in the order of PhM>PM>BF>SF, and these characteristics are similar as common universal design guidelines. This showed the supportability of spatial characteristics in the guidelines related to user's special behaviors. Also, the results show the importance of outdoor space planning for safe social interactions. The supportable characteristics of 'Customized Housing Design Guideline for Childcare Families' could be expected to efficiently apply for new housing development in the future.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2017

A rapid increase in traffic accidents involving senior vehicle occupants has been an issue in Korea because of the aging of the population occurring at one of the fastest rates in the world; unfortunately, few studies beyond several looking at the effect of senior occupants on the level of accident injury severity can be found in the literature. A Multinomial logit model was estimated with Newton-Raphson algorithm to perform bias-reducing penalized likelihood optimization. Model covariates integral to developing the model were included, but the main focus was on the interaction of seating position and injury to senior vehicle occupants. It was found that the likelihood of an accident resulting in a fatality increased: 2.2 times for the driver seat, 2.7 times for the front passenger seat, and even 6.7 times for the rear seat. A mandatory seatbelt law to be extended to the rear seat needs to pass the assembly as soon as possible, and government, industry, and safety groups should be encouraged to join forces to strongly carry out targeted campaigns for the wearing of seatbelts in all vehicle seats to enhance the safety of senior occupants as well as other occupants who are vulnerable to road traffic accidents.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.287-297
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• 2003

This intervention study was performed to assess the effect of spirulina on lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and immune function in elderly Koreans. The subjects were 6 male and 6 female people between the ages of 60 and 75, who were given spirulina supplements of 7.5 g/day for 24 weeks. Dietary intake, anthropometric measurements and biochemical assessment for plasma lipid levels, antioxidant status and immune function were measured before and throughout the intervention period. Before entering the study, the subjects were in relatively good health. Their nutrient intake was satisfactory, and anthropometric indices and plasma nutrient levels were within the normal range. Spirulina supplementation for 24 weeks did not affect dietary intake and anthropometric parameters. However, considerable changes were observed in blood lipid profiles, antioxidant capacity, and immune indices. The plasma concentrations of triglycerides, total- and LDL-cholesterol decreased from 4 weeks of the supplementation period. The antioxidant capacity improved, as shown in increasing TAS and decreasing TBARS after supplementation. Improved immune function was also observed as the PBL lymphocyte proliferation rate and plasma C3 levels increased. The above effects of spirulina supplementation did not differ between mild hypercholesterolemic (cholesterol $\geq$ 200mg/d1) and normochole-sterolemic (cholesterol < 200 mg/dl) subjects. This study provided evidence that spirulina could be used as dietary supplementation in nutritionally vulnerable groups to improve nutritional and health status and to prevent chronic disease such as hyperlipidemia or oxidation-prone diseases. further studies in this area with various population groups are warranted.

• 기술사
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.1-20
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• 1985

The traffic congestion of Seoul city has been one of the most serious problems to be settled since the advent of 1970s. As a means to mitigate traffic mess, the authority concerned launched the construction of subway line 3 and 4 in 1980. The two Subway lines slated for completion by 1985 cross each other and run north-south direction, passing through the metropolitan area of Seoul city fraught with high-rise edifices and large-scale shopping centers, and, in order to reduce blasting vibration, NATM was executed for a distance of 10 Km, instead of ASSM previously employed when subway line 1 and 2 were constructed. Tunnel blastings were implemented, preceded by classifying the rocks at construction area into five categories, namely, hard rock, semi-hard rock, weak rock weathered rock and silt and by calculating their respective specific charges through standard test blastings, by employing the pre-splitting and smooth blasting with drilling patterns of burn cut type, so as not to cause damages to surface structures. Most of explosives used were the slurry of low specific gravity and low velocity, and the firings executed by the use of milli-second detonators. Empiric formula were also formulated to check blasting vibrations, based on the vibration allowable values of West Germany standard, for the application to vulnerable construction zones. Should the two lines be placed for public service in 1985, about 40% of the total traffic population of Seoul city amounting to 15 million as of 1984 is estimated to be carried by subway with no difficulties.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방재학회 2009년도 정기 학술발표대회
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• pp.36-42
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• 2009

A series of heavy rainfall, typhoon and earthquake disasters caused a proportionately large number of deaths among the elderly in the year 2004 in Japan. In response to these tragedies, the national government set up committees to reduce damage within the disaster vulnerable population for the next three years. The discussions in the committee led to a new conceptualization that disaster vulnerability was caused by a lack of interaction between a person's special needs and the environment's capacity and resources to meet them. This person-in-environment model of hazard vulnerability was applied to those who resided in the Nankai-Tonankai tsunami hazard-prone area. 123 home care service users were interviewed in terms of their self-evacuation ability, degree of social isolation, and building weakness as well as tsunami exposure risks. Results were quantified and scores of person-in-environmentmodel hazard vulnerability were obtained. These scores were then used to visualize socially created vulnerability by means of weighted kernel density mapping of both persons with special needs (PSN's) and persons with special needs at times of disaster (PSND's).