• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한핵의학회 2002년도 제41차 추계학술대회
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• pp.34.1-34.1
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• 2002

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의학물리학회 2003년도 제27회 추계학술대회
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• pp.46-46
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• 2003

Several MRI studies have reported reductions in temporal lobe volumes in Alzheimer´s disease (AD). Measures have been usually obtained with regions of interest (ROI) drawn manually on selected medial and lateral portions of the temporal lobes, with variable choices of anatomical borders across different studies. We used the automated voxel based morphometry (VBM) approach to investigate gray matter abnormalities over the entire extension of the temporal lobe in 11 AD patients (MMSE 14 - 25) and 11 healthy controls. Foci of significantly reduced gray matter volume in AD patients were detected in both medial and lateral temporal regions, most significantly in the right and left posterior parahippocampal gyri. At a more flexible statistical threshold (P<0.001, uncorrected for multiple comparisons), circumscribed foci of significant gray matter reduction were also detected in the right amygdala/enthorinal cortex, the anterior and posterior borders of the superior temporal gyrus bilaterally, and the anterior portion of the left middle temporal gyrus. These VBM results confirm previous findings of temporal lobe atrophic changes in AD, and suggest that these abnormalities may be confined to specific sites within that lobe, rather than showing a widespread distribution.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.118-125
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to find brain regions in which gray matter volume was reduced and to show the capability of voxel-based morphpmetry(VBM) analysis for lateralizing clinically significant brain regions in dementia of Alzheimer's type patients compared to healthy group. Methods : MR T1-weighted images of the 20 dementia of Alzheimer's type patients were compared with those of the 20 normal controls. Images were transformed to standard MNI space. In order to observe gray matter volume change. Gray matter was smoothed with a Gaussian kernel. After these preprocessing, statistical analysis was performed using statistical parametric mapping software(SPM2). Results : Gray matter volume was significantly reduced in the bilateral parahippocampal gyri, Lt. anterior cingulate gyrus, Lt. posterior cingulate gyrus, bilateral superior temporal gyri Lt. middle temporal gyrus, Lt. superior, bilateral middle, Rt. anterior frontal gyri and Rt. precuneus in dementia of Alzheimer's type patient group. Conclusions : These VBM results confirm previous findings of temporal lobe and limbic lobe atrophic changes in dementia of Alzheimer's type, and suggest that these abnormalities may be confined to specific sites within that lobe, rather than showing a widespread distribution.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.232-238
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• 2011

Objectives Optimized voxel based morphometry (VBM) has been increasingly applied to investigate differences in the brain morphology between a group of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and control subjects. Optimized VBM permits comparison of gray matter (GM) volume at voxel-level from the entire brain. The purpose of this study was to assess the regional GM volume change measured by optimized VBM in MCI subjects compared to controls. Methods Twenty patients with MCI and 20 control subjects with normal cognition were recruited for this study. We applied the optimized VBM protocol to the image data including study-specific template and the modulation of the data with the Jacobian determinants. GM volume differences between the MCI subjects and the control subjects and their correlations with the neuropsychological performances were investigated. Results Optimized VBM analysis revealed GM volume reduction in hippocampus, precentral gyrus, insula and parietal operculum in the MCI group compared to the control group (family wise error corrected p < 0.05). Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD-K) word list recall scores were significantly correlated with the GM volumes of hippocampus, precuneus and posterior cingulate in the MCI group (FWE corrected p < 0.05). Conclusions The results confirm previous findings of atrophic changes in medial temporal lobe and parietal lobe in the MCI group and suggest that these abnormalities may be related with cognitive decline and prognosis in patients with MCI.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.324-337
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• 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the different brain oxygen metabolism statuses in preeclampsia using magnetic resonance imaging and investigate the factors that affect cerebral oxygen metabolism in preeclampsia. Materials and Methods: Forty-nine women with preeclampsia (mean age 32.4 years; range, 18-44 years), 22 pregnant healthy controls (PHCs) (mean age 30.7 years; range, 23-40 years), and 40 non-pregnant healthy controls (NPHCs) (mean age 32.5 years; range, 20-42 years) were included in this study. Brain oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) values were computed using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) plus quantitative blood oxygen level-dependent magnitude-based OEF mapping (QSM + quantitative blood oxygen level-dependent imaging or QQ) obtained with a 1.5-T scanner. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to investigate the differences in OEF values in the brain regions among the groups. Results: Among the three groups, the average OEF values were significantly different in multiple brain areas, including the parahippocampus, multiple gyri of the frontal lobe, calcarine, cuneus, and precuneus (all P-values were less than 0.05, after correcting for multiple comparisons). The average OEF values of the preeclampsia group were higher than those of the PHC and NPHC groups. The bilateral superior frontal gyrus/bilateral medial superior frontal gyrus had the largest size of the aforementioned brain regions, and the OEF values in this area were 24.2 ± 4.6, 21.3 ± 2.4, and 20.6 ± 2.8 in the preeclampsia, PHC, and NPHC groups, respectively. In addition, the OEF values showed no significant differences between NPHC and PHC. Correlation analysis revealed that the OEF values of some brain regions (mainly involving the frontal, occipital, and temporal gyrus) were positively correlated with age, gestational week, body mass index, and mean blood pressure in the preeclampsia group (r = 0.361-0.812). Conclusion: Using whole-brain VBM analysis, we found that patients with preeclampsia had higher OEF values than controls.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2012

목적: Tract-based spatial statistics와 화소기반 형태분석 방법을 이용하여 경도의 알츠하이머병 환자와 경도인 지장애 환자에서 확산텐서영상을 이용하여 뇌 백질의 이상을 평가하고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 21명의 경도의 알츠하이머병 환자와 13명의 경도인지장애 환자, 그리고 16명의 건강한 노인군을 대상으로 확산텐서영상을 시행하였다. 각 참가자마다 분할 비등방도를 구하여 Tract-based spatial statistics를 이용하여 세 그룹간의 비교를 하였다. Tract-based spatial statistics 방법과의 비교를 위하여, 화소기반 형태분석 방법을 이용한 분석도 함께 시행하였다. 결과: Tract-based spatial statistics 분석결과, 경도의 알츠하이머 환자에서 건강한 노인군보다 방사관의 양측 전각과 우측 후각, 후시상방사, 우측 상세로다발, 뇌량체부, 우측 쐐기전소엽이랑에서 분할 비등방도가 유의하게 감소하였다. 화소기반 형태분석에서는 양측 갈고리다발, 좌측 부해마회의 백질, 우측 대상다발에서 추가적으로 분할 비등 방도가 감소되어 있었다. 경도의 알츠하이머 환자군과 경도인지장애 환자군의 비교, 경도인지장애 환자군과 건강한 노인군의 비교연구에서는 분할 비등방도의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론: Tract-based spatial statistics 분석결과, 경도의 알츠하이머 환자군에서 건강한 노인군에 비해 뇌 백질의 분할 비등방도가 여러 곳에서 감소되어 있었다. 화소기반 형태분석방법은 tract-based spatial statistics보다 더 많은 곳에서 뇌 백질의 이상을 보였다. 그러나, 인공물 또한 더 많이 관찰되었다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.179-183
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• 2016

Mapping brain structural and functional connections through the whole brain is essential for understanding brain mechanisms and the physiological bases of brain diseases. Although region specific structural or functional deficits cause brain diseases, the changes of interregional connections could also be important factors of brain diseases. This review will introduce common neuroimaging modalities, including structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional MRI (fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging, and other recent neuroimaging analyses methods, such as voxel-based morphometry, cortical thickness analysis, local gyrification index, and shape analysis for structural imaging. Tract-Based Spatial Statistics, TRActs Constrained by UnderLying Anatomy for diffusion MRI, and independent component analysis for fMRI also will also be introduced.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.30-40
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• 2004

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 내측 측두엽 간질환자의 MR 영상에 화소기반 형태분석방법(VBM)을 적용하여 회백질 부피감소를 보이는 영역을 뇌 전체를 관찰하여 찾아내고자 하였다. 둘째, 본 연구에서 적용된 VBM방법이 내측측두엽 간질환자의 간질병소의 편측성을 평가하기에 쓰일 수 있을지 조사하였다. MR영상으로 VBM 결과를 FDG PET의 SPM 분석결과와 비교하였다. 대상 및 방법: 12명의 좌측 내측측두엽 간질환자와 11명의 우측 내측측두엽 간질환자의 T1 강조영상을 각각 37명의 정상 대조군의 영상과 비교하였다. 모든 영상을 표준 뇌 표준판에 공간정합한 후, 평균영상을 생성하여 연구-특정적 뇌 표준판을 만들고 이 연구 측정적 표준판에 다시 비선형 공간정규화 하였다. 영상을 분할하여 회백질영상을 추출하고 변조한 후 편평화하였다. 환자군과 정상군의 차이를 SPM99를 이용하여 허위발견률을 기준으로 통계처리하였다. FDG PET 영상을 SPM을 이용하여 정상대조군 22명과 비교하였다. 결과: 좌측 내측측두엽 간질환자는 좌측의 해마와 편도체 영역에 회백질 부피/농도가 감소하였고, 뇌의 양측 소뇌, 전대상회, 방추상회의 부피/농도가 감소하였다. 우측 내측측두엽 간질환자는 우측 해마의 서 회백질이 감소하였다. 좌측 내측측두엽 간질은 좌측 측두엽과 시상 우측 내측측두엽간질 환자는 우측측두엽에 광범위한 부위에 FDG 섭취가 감소하였다. 결론: VBM 방법을 적용한 결과 간질원인 병소 해마와 해마주변영역에서 유의하게 회백질 부피/농도가 감소하였다. FDG PET SPM 분석에서 간질원인병소의 대사 감소를 찾을 수 있었던 것처럼, 이 연구에서 적용한 변조 VBM 방법은 내측측두엽 간질환자의 간질원인병소를 편측화할 수 있었고 내측측두엽을 제외한 다른 뇌영역의 해부학적 변화를 발견하는데 도움이 되었다. 이에 비하여 간질원인병소인 좌우측측두엽의 넓은 부위에 FDG 섭취가 감소하여 대조되었다.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

Purpose: Several morphometric studies have been performed to investigate brain abnormalities in congenitally deaf people. But no report exists concerning structural brain abnormalities in congenitally deaf adolescents. We evaluated the regional volume changes in gray matter (GM) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) in congenitally deaf adolescents. Materials and Methods: A VBM8 methodology was applied to the T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of eight congenitally deaf adolescents (mean age, 15.6 years) and nine adolescents with normal hearing. All MRI scans were normalized to a template and then segmented, modulated, and smoothed. Smoothed GM data were tested statistically using analysis of covariance (controlled for age, gender, and intracranial cavity volume). Results: The mean values of age, gender, total volumes of GM, and total intracranial volume did not differ between the two groups. In the auditory centers, the left anterior Heschl's gyrus and both inferior colliculi showed decreased regional GM volume in the congenitally deaf adolescents. The GM volumes of the lingual gyri, nuclei accumbens, and left posterior thalamic reticular nucleus in the midbrain were also decreased. Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that early deprivation of auditory stimulation in congenitally deaf adolescents might have caused significant underdevelopment of the auditory cortex (left Heschl's gyrus), subcortical auditory structures (inferior colliculi), auditory gain controllers (nucleus accumbens and thalamic reticular nucleus), and multisensory integration areas (inferior colliculi and lingual gyri). These defects might be related to the absence of general auditory perception, the auditory gating system of thalamocortical transmission, and failure in the maturation of the auditory-to-limbic connection and the auditorysomatosensory-visual interconnection.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.150-164
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the levels of brain iron deposition in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) and to determine whether distinctions compared to the general population exist. Furthermore, we examined potential variations in iron deposition among different PD subtypes. Methods: Structural brain imaging was conducted on 75 participants at Gangdong Kyung Hee University Hospital between August 2017 and May 2020. PD patients were categorized into Tremor Dominant (TD) and Postural Instability and Gait Difficulty (PIGD) subtypes. Voxel-based morphometry and QSM were employed to compare voxel-wise magnetic susceptibility across the entire brain between Normal Controls (NC) and PD groups. Subsequently, QSM values were compared between TD and PIGD groups. Results: QSM values were compared among 46 PD patients and 23 normal controls, as well as between TD (n=22) and PIGD (n=24) groups. Voxel-based QSM analysis revealed no significant differences between groups. Similarly, ROI-based QSM analysis showed no significant distinctions. Conclusions: No significant variations were observed between the PD patient group, NC group, or PD subtypes. This study systematically compared QSM values across a broad range of brain regions potentially linked to PD pathology. Additionally, the subdivision of the PD group into TD and PIGD subtypes for QSM-based iron deposition analysis represents a meaningful and innovative approach.