• Title/Summary/Keyword: Volunteer system

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Design of a Crowd-Sourced Fingerprint Mapping and Localization System (군중-제공 신호지도 작성 및 위치 추적 시스템의 설계)

  • Choi, Eun-Mi;Kim, In-Cheol
    • KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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    • v.2 no.9
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    • pp.595-602
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    • 2013
  • WiFi fingerprinting is well known as an effective localization technique used for indoor environments. However, this technique requires a large amount of pre-built fingerprint maps over the entire space. Moreover, due to environmental changes, these maps have to be newly built or updated periodically by experts. As a way to avoid this problem, crowd-sourced fingerprint mapping attracts many interests from researchers. This approach supports many volunteer users to share their WiFi fingerprints collected at a specific environment. Therefore, crowd-sourced fingerprinting can automatically update fingerprint maps up-to-date. In most previous systems, however, individual users were asked to enter their positions manually to build their local fingerprint maps. Moreover, the systems do not have any principled mechanism to keep fingerprint maps clean by detecting and filtering out erroneous fingerprints collected from multiple users. In this paper, we present the design of a crowd-sourced fingerprint mapping and localization(CMAL) system. The proposed system can not only automatically build and/or update WiFi fingerprint maps from fingerprint collections provided by multiple smartphone users, but also simultaneously track their positions using the up-to-date maps. The CMAL system consists of multiple clients to work on individual smartphones to collect fingerprints and a central server to maintain a database of fingerprint maps. Each client contains a particle filter-based WiFi SLAM engine, tracking the smartphone user's position and building each local fingerprint map. The server of our system adopts a Gaussian interpolation-based error filtering algorithm to maintain the integrity of fingerprint maps. Through various experiments, we show the high performance of our system.

Convergence and Integration Review of Fire fighter Image through Disaster Movies (재난 영화를 통해 본 소방관 이미지에 대한 융·복합적 고찰)

  • Lee, In-Seob;Kim, Jee-Hee;Kim, Yun-Jeong
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.91-97
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    • 2017
  • The purpose of the study was to investigate the fire fighter image through disaster movies in Korea and other countries. From September 1 to 7, 2016, the movie search methods were carried out using movie title and key words via Wikipedia and various internet web sites from 1903 to 2016. The results included that the fire fighters had been considered as the precious person of volunteer activity regarding fire suppression, investigators, and self-sacrifice. Through the convergence and integration review of the disaster movie, this research suggested that the national based establishment of the welfare and safety system for the posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) and critical incident stress management(CISM) education program. This study will provide the basic data for the development of welfare and safety management for the fire fighters and let the people know the sacrifice of the fire fighters including the motto, "First in and the last out".

The Hope of the Stroke Patients (뇌졸중환자의 희망)

  • 김이순
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.212-227
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    • 1997
  • Cerebrovascular diseases in Korea is an important health problem since mortality and mobidity have been increased rapidly. It marked the 2nd cause of specific death rates in 1993. The stroke causes physical function disorder due to hemiparalysis and emotional disorder, and stroke patients experience helplessness, powerlessness. sense of alienation and loss of hope. These feelings make the rehabilitation difficult because they lose the will of life. The subjects of the study were seven citizens who live in Pusan, are over 50 years old and belong to low income-level. The data were collected from Jan. to Sep. 1995. The researcher as a caregiver and volunteer made confidence of them and asked for their agreement on the purpose of the study. The subjects expressed their experience as openheartedly as possible. The analysis of the data was made through the phenomenological analytic method suggested by Giorgi, which is as follows ; as an unit of description which include the subject' expressions and the researcher's observation, it is examined the theme that express the hope experience with the subject's language(underlining), and the focal meanings are identified. The focal meaning is the crystalization of the theme, which is written in the language of the researcher. After intergrating the focal meaning and make the situated structural description as the meaning of the hope experience identified on each subject's point. After intergrating the situated structural description and make the general structural description as the meaning of the hope experience identified on total subject's point then the systemizing of the structure of the hope experienced phenomena and the flowing of the conciousness was researched. The conclusions of this study was as follows : The ten sources of hope which the subjects experienced were sorted as under 〈mutual relations to others : spouse, children, relatives, fellow believer. health professioner. associate patient group〉, 〈spiritual dependence〉. 〈recovery of physical function〉. 〈rumination of the past life〉, 〈expectation of the future〉. 〈economic power〉, 〈belief〉, 〈ability〉. 〈spontaneous participation〉 and 〈recovery of roles〉. Their hope was spoken out by the following two kinds of linguistics. First. the hope was expressed in the affirmative expression as follows : 〈 to be dependable〉, 〈to make efforts〉, 〈to keep under control〉, 〈to desire〉, 〈to be pleasant〉, 〈to be peaceful〉, 〈to be grateful〉, 〈to give help〉, 〈self-confidence. Courage〉, 〈to be happy〉, 〈to satisfy oneself〉, 〈to share with others〉, 〈to understand〉 and 〈to be affected, be impressed〉 Second, the hope was expressed in the negative on pression as under : 〈to be distressed〉, 〈to be uneasy〉, 〈to be sorry, be unsatisfied〉 〈despair〉, 〈to abandon〉, 〈to be fearful〉, 〈to suffer〉, 〈to bear a burden〉 〈to be confused〉, 〈to be solitary〉, 〈chest trouble〉, 〈to feel heavy〉 〈grief〉, 〈to be daunted〉, 〈to get angry〉, 〈to be uncomfortable〉, 〈to have something regretable〉 and 〈to feel guilty〉. And their hope was expressed by the following four behavioral expressions : 〈physical sphere〉, 〈psychological sphere〉, 〈social support sphere〉 and 〈spiritual sphere〉. The reaction patterns of their hope experience appeared in the following 4 coping method : 〈conquest type〉, 〈dependence type〉, 〈adaptation type〉 and 〈fate type〉. Finally, in the hope structure the sense of certainty don't always coexict with the sense of uncertainty, When the stroke patients try to search for the best quality of life, the senses of certainty and uncertainty make a continual cyclic system in the hope structure.

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Neural correlations of familiar and Unfamiliar face recognition by using Event Related fMRI

  • Kim, Jeong-Seok;Jeun, Sin-Soo;Kim, Bum-Soo;Choe, Bo-Young;Lee, Hyoung-Koo;Suh, Tae-Suk
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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    • 2003.09a
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    • pp.78-78
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    • 2003
  • Purpose: This event related fMRI study was to further our understanding about how different brain regions could contribute to effective access of specific information stored in long term memory. This experiment has allowed us to determine the brain regions involved in recognition of familiar faces among non familiar faces. Materials and Methods: Twelve right handed normal, healthy volunteer adults participated in face recognition experiment. The paradigm consists of two 40 familiar faces, 40 unfamiliar faces and control base with scrambled faces in a randomized order, with null events. Volunteers were instructed to press on one of two possible buttons of a response box to indicate whether a face was familiar or not. Incorrect answers were ignored. A 1.5T MRI system(GMENS) was employed to evaluate brain activity by using blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) contrast. Gradient Echo EPI sequence with TR/TE= 2250/40 msec was used for 17 contiguous axial slices of 7mm thickness, covering the whole brain volume (240mm Field of view, 64 ${\times}$ 64 in plane resolution). The acquired data were applied to SPM99 for the processing such as realignment, normalization, smoothing, statistical ANOVA and statistical preference. Results/Disscusion: The comparison of familiar faces vs unfamiliar faces yielded significant activations in the medial temporal regions, the occipito temporal regions and in frontal regions. These results suggest that when volunteers are asked to recognize familiar faces among unfamiliar faces they tend to activate several regions frequently involved in face perception. The medial temporal regions are also activated for familiar and unfamiliar faces. This interesting result suggests a contribution of this structure in the attempt to match perceived faces with pre existing semantic representations stored in long term memory.

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The Study of Human Rights Sensitivity and the Types of Perception in regards to Human Rights for College Students (대학생의 인권감수성 수준과 인권인식 유형에 관한 연구)

  • Shim, Tae Een;Lee, Song Yi
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.19 no.10
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    • pp.352-360
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the level of human rights sensitivity and the types of perception in regards to the human rights of college students to enhance their human rights sensitivity. The study methodology included a t-test and variance analysis for the level of human rights sensitivity, and a Q-factor analysis for the perception types of human rights. As a result of examining whether there is a difference in human right sensitivity, it was found that female students were higher than male students, and juniors and seniors were higher than freshmen and sophomores. The human rights sensitivity of the students in the social and science department were the highest, and those who had volunteer experiences were more susceptible to human rights than those who did not. Students who registered for organ donation were higher than those who did not, and those who received human rights education showed higher human rights susceptibility than those who did not. Four perception types of human rights were analyzed 'universal social moralists', those who have an idealistic mindset and make decisions based on moral standards, 'practical realists', those who have no intention of breaking out of the social norm and who do not want to take any risks for human rights, 'social system advocates', those who have a clear understanding of the basic human rights concept, but don't think that they should break the rules of society for the sake of individual rights, and 'social contracts advocates', those who are willing to bend the rules of society for human rights, but not to the extent of ruining relationships. These study results are expected to contribute to the possibility of the social viewpoint that human rights sensitivity can be developed in the context of social experience as well as perception.

A Study on Community Service Order : It's Effective Introduction, Operation, and Establishment in Korea (우리나라 사회봉사명령제도의 효과적 도입, 운영 및 정착에 관한 연구)

  • Bae, Im-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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    • v.39
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    • pp.128-156
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    • 1999
  • Community Service Order is a program that holds a significant place in the system of probation. With its important role in the probation, there is an equally high expectation of the intervention from the program among the people which it serves. The problem lies in that people's understanding of the program is minimized to merely a volunteer-based social activity, which cause a division on how the program is to be run. The purpose of this research is to come up with a method that can efficiently organize the administrative plan to maximize its potentiality of the program. To adopt such a plan, "Sentencing to Service," an effective community service order program in Minnesota, U. S. A. was examined. An interview with the administrative staff, as well as a survey, using systematic sampling, with the participants was conducted to study the effective process and intervention of the program that has existed for fifteen years. The result concluded that "Sentencing to Service" is a successful program with the components of success being that of a positive support from the local community and high motivation level of the participants. In order for the program to be a positive experience for the participants, it is highly contingent upon the crew leaders. On the basis of the research findings, the following suggestions are made. First, a structured guideline for those who are involved in the program is necessary. Second, thorough training provided for the crew leaders are required and a social worker is recommended for the position of crew leader. Lastly, Community Service Order should not widen the net, but ought to serve as an alternative to incarceration.

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The Lived Experience of Mothers about Rearing of School Children With Cerebral palsy (뇌성마비 취학아동 어머니의 양육체험)

  • Baek Kyoung-Seon
    • Child Health Nursing Research
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.434-450
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    • 2001
  • This study is designed to understand the meaning and nature of raising children with cerebral palsy. It researches the experience of mothers of schoolchildren with cerebral palsy by the research method of hermeneutic phenomenology. The study was conducted from November 10, 1999 to December 20, 2000. When children with cerebral palsy usually show symptoms in the early stage of cerebral palsy, mothers do not take children to a doctor for diagnosis. And, most of mothers have a difficult time to accept the reality; they usually respond to the initial diagnosis with shock, reproach, and deny. When mothers start recognizing the reality, they consider that their children have cerebral palsy due to the their mismanagement during pregnancy, delivery, nursing, and initial treatment. They shelter their children from view and feel guilty that they cannot afford to try folk remedies for their children. As time passes, mothers face conflicts between families in diverse ways. Families put the blame on genetic effects. Mothers-in-law give their daughters-in-law a hard time, husbands shift the responsibility of raising children onto their wives, and trouble arises between families-in-law and mothers native families. When children grow up, it is physically difficult for mothers to take care their children. In addition, they suffer from all the troubles in family due to childrens handicap. Mothers try the diverse methods of bringing up children. However, they start getting tired of raising children as they experience failures and financial difficulties. Mothers feel collapsed recalling the ways of raising children. They feel anxiety, miserable, lonely, and worrying when they think how children would attend school, make friends, and live in the future. In this stage, mothers do their best to raise their children with hope. They tend to compare their children with others without handicap and spend money and time in attempting all the treatments. When mothers and children join the society at school, they find that the society does not understand disabled people, teachers show inconsiderate attitude, friends avoid them, and children hardly follow classes. Such experiences make mothers feel angry and frustrated. However, when children adapt to school, mothers see the possibility that children could accomplish schoolwork. They appreciate teachers help and others consideration. Mothers place appropriate expectations on their children and help them to prepare for the future. I would make following suggestions based on the results. 1. As a primary basic course of rehabilitation nursing intervention, solution-centered nursing intervention system should be developed. The intervention needs to be based on the understanding of mothers, who raise children with cerebral palsy, through in-depth interview. 2. Advance researches on the development of individual nursing intervention should be conducted. Individual nursing intervention needs to prevent and release actual pain focusing on mothers raising children with cerebral palsy. 3. Integrated curriculum that help children with cerebral palsy lead a normal school life with ordinary children should be developed. 4. Basic research on using of facilities and effective application of service volunteer to help children with cerebral palsy in school needs to be conducted.

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Turbo FLASH NRI Using Optimized Flip Angle Pattern: Application to Inversion-Recovery T1-Weighted Imaging (최적화된 Flip Angle Pattern을 사용한 Turbo FLASH MRI: Inversion-Recovery T1-Weighted Imaging에의 응용)

  • Oh, C.H.;Choi, H.J.;Yang, Y.J.;Lee, D.R.;Ryu, Y.C.;Hyun, J.H.;Kim, S.R.;Yi, Y.;Jung, K.J.;Ahn, C.B.
    • Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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    • v.1998 no.11
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    • pp.55-56
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    • 1998
  • The 3-D Fast Gradient Echo (Turbo FLASH, Turbo Fast Low Angle Shot) sequence is optimized to achieve a good T1 contrast using variable excitation flip angles. In Turbo FLASH sequence, depending on the contrast preparation scheme, various types of image contrast can be established. While proton density contrast is obtained when using a short repetition time with a short echo time and small flip angles, T1 or T2 weighting can be obtained with proper contrast preparation sequences applied before the above proton density Turbo FLASH sequence. To maximize the contrast to noise ratio while retaining a sharp impulse response (smooth frequency domain response), the excitation flip-angle pattern is optimized through simulation and experiments. The TI (the delay after the preparation sequence which is a 180 degree inversion RF pulse in the IR T1 weighted imaging case), TD (the delay time between the Turbo FLASH sequence and the next preparation), and TR are also optimized fur the best image quality. The proposed 3-D Turbo FLASH provides $1mm\times1mm\times1.5mm$ high resolution images within a reasonable 5-8 minutes of imaging time. The proposed imaging sequence has been implemented in a Medison's Magnum 1.0T system and verified through simulations as well as human volunteer imaging. The experimental results show the utility of the proposed method.

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Pastor's Expectations from Parish Nurses (목회자의 목회간호에 대한 역할기대)

  • Kim, Chung-Nam;Kwon, Young-Sook
    • Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.154-169
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    • 1996
  • Parish nursing is a community health nursing role developed in 1983 by Lutheran chaplain Granger Westberg. An increasing emphasis on holistic care, personal reseponsibility for a healthy lifestyle, and changes in healthcare delivery systems have undoubtedly facilitated the establishment and nurturance of an innovative nursing role in the community. Parish nurses are functioning in a variety of church congregations of various denominations. The parish nurse is a educator, a personal health counselor, a coordinator of volunteers. The parish nurses helps people relate to the complexed medical care system and assists people to integrate faith and health. The autors conducted a study on pastor's expectations from parish nurses. Results of this study will be useful to those instrumental in planning, initiating, supporting, and evaluating a parish nurses program The research was done on 130 pastors in Taegue and Kyong Sang Buck Do, of various ages ranging from their 20's to 60's: and pastoring churches of various sizes, ranging from under 100 to over 300 members. 94.6% agreed that they needed a parish nurse on their staff; and 86.2% said they wanted to start a parish nurse program in their churches if certain basic conditions were met. The pastors responded that some would hire the nurses on a full-time basis(22.3%), a part -time basis (37.7%) or use volunteer nurses (40%). The pastors said they would expect the following from a parish nurse: health counselling (80.0%) regular health check-ups (78.5%) health care for the elderly (78.5%) health information and education (72.3%) hospice care (72.3%) visiting sick church members at home (69.2%) arranging and training volunteers to help the seek (59.2%) health care for expectant mothers (50.0%) introducing and taking people to health care facilities (46.2%) The pastors were surveyed about specific areas of health education they would want the parish nurse to teach(for example, high blood pressure and heart disease prevention and management(76.2%) ; stress management(74.6%); and diabetes prevention and management(73.8%). The pastors were surveyed about specific areas of health counselling they would expect the parish nurse to do (for example, drug abuse, (73.1), alcohol abuse(64.6%), marriage conflict(60.0%), recovery after the loss of a loved one(56.9%), and women's conflict with parents-in-law(53.8%). The pastors were surveyed about types of things they would want included in regular health check-ups, what they would want a parish nurse to do on home visits, and what they would want included in home care for the elderly. They were also surveyed on what kind of spiritual care they would like parish nurses to give. Most (90.7%) wanted their parish, parishioners to be involved in the parish nurses program as volunteers, and in a variety of ways(such as visiting sick in their homes(68.5%) and helping with housework(63.1%) and taking sick people to health facilities(60%). Parish nurses role, activities, and boundaries of practice should be continuously monitored and refined and a 'case manager' should be conceptualized as an additional or all-encompassing role. An initial parish / community needs and readiness assessment should be done prior to establishing a program to detemine if the congregation is ready, willing, and able to support such a position for at least a 2 to 3 year period.

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Parish Nursing : A New Challenge for Primary Health Care (지역교회간호(Parish Nursing) - 일차건강간호를 위한 새로운 도약)

  • No, Yu-Ja;Baek, Yeong-Mi
    • The Korean Nurse
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    • v.37 no.2
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    • pp.53-62
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    • 1998
  • ursing as a profession is characterized by its holistic, mind-body-spirit approach to the patient. Also, nurses have historically been the leaders in health education and promotion. Parish nursing has a great potential for providing primary preventive health care. services as well as assisting people to access the health care system. While working in the community, parish nurses see the church as the new arena for delivering health care services. The parish nurse program was introduced by Granger Westberg in 1984. The concept of parish nursing is based on several beliefs; health is multidimensional and affects all aspects of an individual-physical, psychological, social, and spiritaul being. Parish nursing is one model in which churches can cooperatively work with health care institutions to address the needs of their parishioners. The role of the parish nurse is emphasized in four basic area: a) health education, b) health counseling, c) referal services, and d) facilitation and organization of support groups within the congregation. The parish nurse programs work chiefly in congregation or commuity where a certain language of faith is ready at hand. This means that the parish nurse works in an ecology of meanings and care which encourages the drawing on the message of God's grace, the practices and habits it encourages. The parish nurse may be involved in the church's health ministries and may work on either paid or volunteer basis; however, one of the most important qualification of the parish nurse is to have the nursing knowledge and skills to practice within the standards of Nursing Practice Act. The completion of standards of practice for professional nurses practicing as parish nurses had been identified as a priority by the HMA Executive Board (1996, HMA). In conclusion, parish nursing promotes health and healing by empowering the faith community, family, or individual to incorporate health and healing practices. There are several preconditions that should proceed to establish the foundation for successful development of the parish nursing program in Korea. First, reciprocal relationship with home health nursing should be considered. Second, correct terms and concepts of parish nursing should be studied and understood. Third, systematic study and investigation should be followed for further development of parish nursing. Fourth, strengths and weaknesses of different models should be studied to develop proper model of parish nursing for Korean situation. Finally, consensus of standardized education program and corporation with various religious communities as well as health institutions should be established. When these preconditions are met, the role of parish nursing as a new program for the promotion of holistic health will be established.

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