• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.263-271
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• 2008

3D seismic tomography technique was assessed for applicability of developed 3D tomography algorithm based on Fresnel volume in the dam-planned area. Reconstructed 3D tomogram based on Fresnel volume and Fast Marching Method(FMM) reveals similar velocity structure to the other geotechnical survey results. With the correlation analysis between RMR data and seismic velocity information, it could provide reliable information of rock mass rate. The applicability of 3D seismic tomography was verified in this study. It would be expected to apply 3D tomography with new developed first arrival calculation and inversion algorithm to the engineering field economically.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.111-126
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• 2017

Small-scale UAS(Fusion technique of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles platform and Sensors, 'sUAS') opens various new applications in construction fields and so becoming progressively common due to the considerable potentials in terms of accuracy, costs and abilities. The purpose of this study is that the investigation of the validation on the utilization of sUAS for earth stockpile volume calculations on sites. For this, generate 3D models(DSM) with sUAS aerial images on an cone shaped soil stockpile approximately $270m{\times}300m{\times}20m$, which located at Baegot Life Park in Siheung-si, compared stockpile volume estimates produced by sUAS image analysis, against volume estimates obtained by GNSS Network-RTK ground surveying method which selected as the criteria of earth stockpile volume. The result through comparison and examination show(demonstrate) that there was under 2% difference between the volume calculated with the GNSS Network RTK data and the sUAV data, especially sUAS imaged-based volume estimate of a stockpile can be greatly simplified, done quickly, and very cost effective over conventional terrestrial survey methods. Therefore, with consideration of various plan to assess the height of vegetation, sUAS image-based application expected very useful both volume estimate and 3D geospatial information extraction in small and medium-sized sites.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

Purpose : To analyze tumor's movement and volume change from changing position in order to minimize movement caused by breathing. Materials and Methods : We conducted survey of 14 patients with HCC(Hepatocellular carcinoma). Patient immobilization device was made in two ways(Supine position, prone position) and from image acquisition, tumor's movement, volume and dose are analyzed. Results : The mean movement of target(LR, Left-right) in supine position and prone position was $2.76{\pm}1.25mm$, $2.21{\pm}0.93mm$. AP(Anterior-posterior) and SI(Superior-inferior) was $4.02{\pm}1.63mm$, $11.56{\pm}3.08mm$, $3.36{\pm}1.17mm$, $7.45{\pm}1.96mm$. Treatment volume was decreased and normal liver volume was increased in prone position. Conclusion : We could reduce the margin of the treatment volume by minimizing the movement of liver caused by breathing. Especially in prone position, it is considered to be able to decrease the movement of the liver and increase normal liver volume.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.61-74
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to investigate the information search, information use and search outcomes. 420 students in Chungnam and Taejon area were surveyed. Questionnaire survey method and multiple regression and path analysis were used. Some major conclusions were as follows: 1) The levels of the information search, information use and search outcomes were relatively low. 2) The volumes of information search and the contents of information were mainly affected by psycho-behavioral variables. 3) The level of information use was affected by the content of information, desire to seek information, involvement, and previous knowledge. 4) The search outcome was affected positively by the information use, involvement, volume of information search, desire to seek information, and perceived risk. 5) The volume of information search and the information use were the parameter of the search outcomes.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.279-290
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• 2004

Sludge quantity has increased at "A"water treatment plant due to deterioration of raw water quality and GAC installation. Increased sludge resulted in overloading on sludge handling facilities. The object of this study is to survey sludge quantity and capacity of sludge handling facilities at "A"water treatment plant. Measured quantity of sedimentation sludge considerably exceeded the design capacity of sludge holding basin. Sludge holding basin was properly designed, but low concentration of sludge discharged from sedimentation basin caused production of large volume of the sludge. Timer operated control system for sludge withdrawal unit and leakage through a control valve were suspected to cause the low concentration. Augmentation of the control system by a turbidity meter and addition of a new control valve successfully reduced the sludge volume enough to satisfy the design capacity of sludge holding basin. Unlike sedimentation sludge, measured quantity of washwater was considerably less than the design capacity of washwater basin because it was over-designed.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.53.4-53.4
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• 2017

With large-volume surveys becoming the norm, it is increasingly important to accurately model the galaxy-halo connection and being able to create mock universes of galaxies - starting from dark matter halo catalogs - that reproduce with high-fidelity all the characteristics of a given experiment. This step is necessary, in order to safely interpret cosmological data and fully control systematic effects. We are developing a new Python-based tool which integrates several existing packages and allows one to reproduce many of the forms used to describe galaxy-halo models, ranging from halo occupation distribution (HOD) to abundance matching techniques, along with the characteristics of a given survey and the main testable observables. We are making the code parallel for high-performance parallel-architectures.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2006

This paper analyzes how levels of logistics standardization are related to logistics costs. The study surveyed ratios of standard pallet use in order to measure levels of firms' standardization in logistics management. Research focused on how firms' logistics costs were related to their levels of logistics standardization and ratios of standard pallet use. After measuring use of standard pallets and logistics costs, optimal levels of logistics standardization were estimated based on survey data. Logistics costs and standardization were more related to labor than to freight volume or export. Results indicated that firms could reduce logistics costs by raising levels of logistics standardization; optimal levels of standard pallet use out of Korean firms' total manufacturing cargo volume were estimated at 44.26% for multi-standard pallets and 57.99% for a single standard pallet (a unit load system). The study demonstrated that adopting a single standard pallet results in better cost saving logistics systems than use of multi-standard pallet types. These results may explain why firms pursue standardization in logistics systems.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.61-82
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• 2006

In order to cope with improvement of labor cost and cargo volume, Korean ports, especially Busan port, are in need of many new facilities. Of course, current facilities should be fully used, and at the same time it needs to make every effort to maximize its productivity as well as cost saving. To this end, this study has decided to focus on automatic yard operation suitable to the domestic container terminal environments, making a survey of many advanced container terminals, trying to find out their common factors, and finally suggesting several alternatives based on the combination of these factors. Also, this study has suggested the present value of initial investment and operating cost by alternative, and at the same time presented the relationship between cargo handling volume and cost/revenue of the optimal alternative, so that it may be of help in decision making.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.45-50
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• 2001

The modern architecture has to find more essential configuration order rather than the spatial order in the reasonable feint. In other side, paintings and sculptures as a part of the building in the past become a pure art and develop an abstract art. Also they make many affects on the modern architecture as a paradigm. New material has brought to the new forms and the changes of the overall culture and art. One of the new changes has made the object that is one of unique culture symptoms in the 20C and the general part of the modem art includes it. The wall that limits the inside area through mass and volume before the recent times had treated as the object to express the special mean and character. However, the wall has developed as a component that consists of the internal space through surface and volume rather than mass or structure since the recent times. Now, I survey the objective tendency of the wall in the modem interior architecture mainly focused on the relation between object in the abstract art and wall inside.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.143-150
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• 1990

A cooperative Korea-Japan investigation for the demersal fisheries resources of the East China Sea was carried out by using the training ship Oshoro Maru belong to Hokkaido University Japan, during 5-12 November, 1989. The research vessel sampled 24 stations with demersal trawls on the East China Sea continental shelf, and 96 nautical miles of track line were surveyed hydroacoustically. The echo sounder used during the survey was of a scientific type having echo integration capabilities and the computer system was programmed to obtain echo integration data for each depth stratum between the transducer and the bottom. The target strength of fish school(TS per 1kg) was estimated from the relationship between mean volume backscattering strength and catches caught by the demersal trawls. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. Approximately 96 species were identified from survey catches. 2. The mean volume backscattering strength for the layer occupied by bottom trawls at 25 and 100 KHz were-63.9 dB and -67.3 dB, respectively. Then the average catch per unit time of each trawl haul was 58.8 kg/hour. 3. The mean volume backscattering strength for the entire layer between the transducer and the bottom at 25 and 100KHz were -61.9 dB and -67.0 dB, respectively. 4. The mean fish school target strength per unit weight(TS/kg) at 25 and 100 KHz were -23.6 dB/kg and -26.6 dB/kg, respectively.