• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.586-596
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• 2013

This study was designed to investigate the effect of Korean whole wheat flour making pan bread. Korean whole wheat flour was mixed with flour at the level of 10% (WHF10), 20% (WHF20), 30% (WHF30), 40% (WHF40) and 50% (WHF50) in order to make bread. According to mixogram, the CON (control), WHF10, WHF20, WHF30, WHF40, except WHF50 were found to be proper between 3 and 5 min. in terms of peak time. CON and WHF10 for peak value were at the level of over 60%. By increasing the ratio of Korean whole wheat flour, the pH, dough fermentation rate, volume, specific volume and moisture content were decreased, and gumminess, cohesiveness and hardness except springiness, were increased for storage days. In the crumbScan analysis, the addition of Korean whole wheat flour decreased the volume and increased the crumb fineness of pan bread. In the sensory evaluation, WHF30 showed good preference in the aspect of flavor, taste and overall acceptance, but was not significant between WHF20. CON scored the highest points in volume, specific volume, moisture content and texture, but was not significant between WHF20.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.46-46
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• 2010

In this paper, we studied the volume resistivity and the electrical conductivity properties of nano composites to investigate the electrical properties of epoxy composites added nano MgO. The specimens were produced by classifying to 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, 10[wt%] and virgin specimen according to the addition amount of MgO. We measured the volume resistivity of nano filler using the High Resistance Meter(4329A) at the measuring temperature changed to 25, 50, 80, 100, and [$120^{\circ}C$]. As the result, it is confirmed that the volume resistivity was the highest stability and volume resistivity value is $2.6{\times}10^{17}\;[\Omega{\cdot}cm]$ at 3.0[wt%]. And it is confirmed that the electrical conductivity property is sharply increased at low electric filed region and the conductivity current density is rapidly increased at high electric filed region.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.580-586
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• 2004

The ray effects of finite volume method (FVM) or discrete ordinate method (DOM) are known to show a non-physical oscillation in solution of radiative heat transfer on a boundary. This wiggling behavior is caused by the finite discretization of the continuous control angle. This article proposes a combined procedure of the Monte-Carlo and finite-volume method (CMCFVM) for solving radiative heat transfer in absorbing, emitting, and an-isotropically scattering medium with an isolated boundary heat source. To tackle the problem, which is especially pronounced in a medium with an isolated heat source, the CMCFVM is suggested here and successfully applied to a two-dimensional circular geometry.

• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
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• 2015.03a
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• pp.48-52
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• 2015

Control of polymer conformations in heterogeneous confinement plays an important role in natural and engineering processes. We present a simulation study on the conformational structure and dynamics of a single, flexible polymer in a dense array of nanoposts with different sizes and separations, especially, when the volume of the interstitial space formed between four nanoposts is less than the size of the polymer chain. When a polymer is placed in the array of nanoposts, the size of polymer increases compared with that in the absence of nanoposts due to the confinement effect. It is shown that when a polymer is confined in the array of nanoposts the chain is elongated in the direction parallel to the nanoposts. As the interstitial volume between four nanoposts decreases either by increasing the nanopost diameter or by decreasing the separation between nanoposts, the chain elongation becomes more pronounced. On the contrary, the polymer size varies in a non-monotonic fashion, with an initial elongation followed by a chain contraction, as the interstitial volume is reduced both by increasing the nanopost diameter and decreasing the separation at the same time while keeping constant the width of the passageway between two nanoposts. The simulation analysis shows that the non-monotonic dependence of polymer size is determined by interplay between the chain alignment along the nanoposts in each interstitial volume and the chain spreading through passageways over several interstitial volume.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.218-228
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• 1997

Correlations between the amount of DAW (Dry Active Waste) generated from present Korean PWRs and their operating parameters were analyzed. As the result of multi-variable linear regressions, a model predicting the volume of DAW using the number of shutdowns ( $f_{FS}$ ) and total personnel exposure ( $P_{\varepsilon}$) was derived. Considering one standard error bound, the model could successfully simulate about 8575 of the real data. In order to predict the amount of DAW to be generated from a KNGR another model was derived by taking into account the additional volume reduction by supercompaction system. In addition, the volume of WAW (Wet Active Waste) to be generated from KNGR (Korean Next Generation Reactor) was calculated by considering conceptual design data and replacement effect of radwaste evaporator with selective ion exchangers. Finally, total volume of SRW (Solid Radioactive Waste) to be generated from KNGR was predicted by inserting design goal values of $f_{FS}$ and $P_{\varepsilon}$ into the model. The result showed that the expected amount of SRW to be generated from KNGR would be in the range of 33~44㎥. $y^{-1}$ . It was proved that the value would meet the operational target of KNGR proposed by KEPCO, that is, 50㎥. $y^{-1}$ .

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.863-870
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• 2004

The temperature and soot particle measurement technique in a laminar diffusion flame has been studied to investigate the characteristics of soot particle with temperature using a co-flow burner. The temperature distribution in the flame were measured by rapid insertion of a R-type thermocouple and the soot particles by LEM/LIS techniques. In these measurement, soot volume fraction, number density and soot diameters were analyzed experimentally. As a results, the spacial distributions of particle volume fraction, soot diameter, and number density are mapped throughout the flame using the Rayleigh theory for the scattering of light by particles. A laser extinction method was used to measure the soot volume fraction and laser induced scattering method was used to measure the soot particle diameter and number density. Also, we measured temperature without the effect of soot particles attached to the thermocouple junction, which is close to the nozzle. In this result, we found that upstream zone has a unstable flowing in co-flow diffusion flame and the y-axis temperature of flame has a uniform temperature distribution in the most soot volume fraction zone.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.1267-1273
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• 2004

The temperature and soot particle measurement technique in a laminar diffusion flame have been studied to investigate the characteristics of soot particle with temperature using a co-flow burner. The temperature distributions in the flame were measured by rapid insertion of a R-type thermocouple and the soot particles were detected were detected by LEM/LIS techniques. In these measurement, soot volume fraction, number density and soot diameters were analyzed experimentally. As a results, the spacial distributions of particle volume fraction, soot diameter, and number density are mapped throughout the flame using the Rayleigh theory for the scattering of light by absorbing particles. A laser extinction method was used to measure the soot volume fraction and Laser induced scattering method was used to measure the soot particle diameter and number density. Also, we measured temperature without the effect of soot particles attached to the thermocouple junction, which is close to the nozzle. In this result, we found that upstream zone has a unstable flowing in co-flow diffusion flame and the y-axis temperature of flame has a uniform temperature distribution in the most soot volume fraction zone.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.88-100
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• 2010

This paper investigates the influence of industrial activity volatility and exchange rate volatility on import container volume of the Korea during the 1999:1- 2010:9. Conditional variance from the GARCH(1, 1) model is applied as the volatility. The Johansen multivariate cointegration method and the error correction (general-to-specific) method are applied to study the relationship between import volume and its determinants. The empirical results show that volatility has statistically significant negative effect on import volume.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.751-755
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• 2005

Fibrous $Al_2O_3-(m-ZrO_2)/t-ZrO_2$ composites having core/shell structure were fabricated by multi-extrusion process. The effect o volume fraction between core ($Al_2O_3-(m-ZrO_2)$) and shell ($t-ZrO_2$ was investigated to understand the relationship between microstructure and material properites, in which the volume fractions of core and shell were varied as 40:60, 50:50 and 60:40. The material properties o hardness and bending strength were increased as the volume fraction of core was increased, and their maximum values were about 1320 Hv and 750MPa, respectively. However, as the volume fraction of core increased, the values of relative density and fracture toughness were decreased from 97.1 to $96.5\%$ and from $6.5MPa{\cdot}m^{1/2}$ to $5.7MPa{\cdot}m^{1/2}$, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.91-105
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• 2017

A literature review and survey were conducted regarding the silhouette changes in bell bottom pants and the overall visual evaluation in accordance with the changes. The survey was disseminated from December 2015 to January 2016 to 245 women in their 20s living in Busan. The variables used for the silhouette changes in bell bottom pants were the volume of flare and the flare's starting point, and 20 pairs of terms were selected for visual evaluation. The results of the study are as follows: 1. Visual evaluations according to the volume of flare in bell bottoms indicated that females in their 20s appraised pants with a flare volume of 54 cm close to a straight silhouette and flare volume of 62 cm (recognized clearly as characteristic of bell bottom pants) to be more attractive and sophisticated than pants with flare volumes of 70 cm and 78 cm. 2.Visual evaluations according to the starting point of the flare in bell bottom pants showed that women appraised their legs as looking thinner when the flare started near the thighs. In a vertical visual evaluation, women appraised that their legs looked longer when the flare started near the knees and pants fit tightly around them. 3.The analysis of silhouette factors affecting the visual evaluation of bell bottom pants indicated that the volume of flare has more effect visually than the starting point of the flare.