• 한국조리학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.266-276
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• 2012

본 연구는 이스트의 소금 스트레스 시간이 반죽의 발효와 제품의 특성에 미치는 결과를 분석하여 산업적으로 이용하고자 이루어졌다. 반죽의 가스 생성율과 발효율, pH, 부피, 비용적, TPA, crumScan, 색도와 관능검사 등을 통하여 분석하였다. 반죽의 가스 생성율과 발효율을 살펴본 결과 침지시간이 45분일 때 가장 가스 보유력이 좋은 것으로 나타났고, 침지시간이 15분, 30분, 45분의 pH 값이 5.74로 빵을 만들기에 가장 적절한 값이었다. 부피와 비용적은 45분이 가장 좋았으며, 조직감 분석결과 대조구의 경도가 가장 낮고 부드러웠으며, 탄력성은 크게 차이가 없었다. CrumScan결과 기공의 조밀도는 대조구가 가장 낮았으며, 기공의 찌그러짐 정도는 45분이 가장적었다. 색도 분석 결과는 L값은 75분, a값과 b값은 15분이 가장 높았다. 관능검사에서는 질감, 향, 식감, 맛에서 가장 기호도가 높은 침지시간 45분이 전체적인 기호도에서도 역시 가장 선호되었다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.13-19
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• 1995

A dual purpose robot automation system is developed for both arc welding and spot welding by one robot within a cell. The need for automation of both arc welding and spot welding processes is urgent while the production volume is not so big as to accommodate separate stations for the two processes. Also, space is too narrow for separate stations to be settled down in the factory. A spot welding robot is chosen and the functions for arc welding are implemented in-house at cost of advanced functions. For the spot welding, a single pole type gun is used and the robot has to push down the plate to be wolded, which causes the robot positioning error. Therefore, position error compensation algorithm is developed. The basic functions for the arc welding processes are implemented using the digital I/O board of robot controller, PLC, and A/D conversion PCB. The weaving pattern is taught in meticulously by manual teach. A fixture unit is also developed for dual purpose. The main aspects of the system is presented in this paper especially in the design and implementation procedure. The signal diagrams and sequence logic diagrams are also included. The outcome of the dual purpose welding cell is the increased productivity and good production stability which is indispensable for production volume prediction. Also, it leads to reduction of manufacturing lead time.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.118-123
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the composition of artificial cariogenic biofilms using a Streptococcus mutans biofilm model over a period of time. Methods: We analyzed the dry weight, colony forming unit (CFU) number, extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) biovolume, and acid production rate of S. mutans biofilms formed on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite discs after 26 h, 50 h, 74 h, 98 h, 171 h, and 195 h. In addition, we performed a laser scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy to determine the bacterial volume, EPS biovolume, and biofilm thickness. We calculated the biofilm density using dry weight and EPS biovolume. Results: Over a period of time, there was no change in the CFU number and acid production rate of S. mutans biofilms, but there was an increase in the dry weight and EPS biovolume of S. mutans biofilms. The bacterial volume, EPS biovolume, and biofilm thickness only increased in the 50-h-old biofilm; however, no change was observed in 50-195-h-old biofilms. In addition, an increase in the biofilm density was observed over time. Conclusions: These results suggest that the acid production ability of cariogenic biofilms does not change, but the biofilm density increases over time. However, due to scientific information, further research needs to be conducted in the field of dentistry to get further insights on the progression of cariogenic biofilms over time.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.1337-1350
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• 2023

Caproic acid is a precursor substance for the synthesis of ethyl caproate, the main flavor substance of nongxiangxing baijiu liquor. In this study, Clostridium butyricum GD1-1, a strain with high caproic acid concentration (3.86 g/l), was isolated from the storage pit mud of nongxiangxing baijiu for sequencing and analysis. The strain's genome was 3,840,048 bp in length with 4,050 open reading frames. In addition, virulence factor annotation analysis showed C. butyricum GD1-1 to be safe at the genetic level. However, the annotation results using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Automatic Annotation Server predicted a deficiency in the strain's synthesis of alanine, methionine, and biotin. These results were confirmed by essential nutrient factor validation experiments. Furthermore, the optimized medium conditions for caproic acid concentration by strain GD1-1 were (g/l): glucose 30, NaCl 5, yeast extract 10, peptone 10, beef paste 10, sodium acetate 11, L-cysteine 0.6, biotin 0.004, starch 2, and 2.0% ethanol. The optimized fermentation conditions for caproic acid production by C. butyricum GD1-1 on a single-factor basis were: 5% inoculum volume, 35℃, pH 7, and 90% loading volume. Under optimal conditions, the caproic acid concentration of strain GD1-1 reached 5.42 g/l, which was 1.40 times higher than the initial concentration. C. butyricum GD1-1 could be further used in caproic acid production, NXXB pit mud strengthening and maintenance, and artificial pit mud preparation.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2021

The domestic semiconductor industry can produce various products that will satisfy customer needs by diversifying assembly parts and increasing compatibility between them. It is necessary to improve the production line as a method to reduce the work-in-process inventory (WIP) in the assembly line, the idle time of the worker, and the idle time of the process. The improvement of the production line is to balance the capabilities of each process as a whole, and to determine the timing of product input or the order of the work process so that the time required between each process is balanced. The purpose of this study is to find the optimal WIP and buffer size through SA (Simulated Annealing) that minimizes lead time while matching the number of two parts in a parallel assembly line with bottleneck process. The WIP level and buffer size obtained by the SA algorithm were applied to the CONWIP and DBR systems, which are the existing production systems, and the simulation was performed by applying them to the new hybrid production system. Here, the Hybrid method is a combination of CONWIP and DBR methods, and it is a production system created by setting new rules. As a result of the Simulation, the result values were derived based on three criteria: lead time, production volume, and work-in-process inventory. Finally, the effect of the hybrid production method was verified through comparative analysis of the result values.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.124-132
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• 2010

해양 식물플랑크톤 일차생산력의 전 지구적 중요성에도 불구하고 자료 처리상의 어려움 때문에 국내에서는 신뢰할만한 자료가 많지 않다. 식물플랑크톤 일차생산력은 시간-수심 적분 과정을 거쳐 최종적으로 단위 면적당 하루 일차생산력을 구하지만, 시간 적분에 대한 연구결과는 많지 않은 편이다. 본 연구에서는 단위 시간당 일차생산력을 시간 적분하여 하루 일차생산력을 계산하는 수학적 모델을 제시하고 새만금호를 대상으로 모델의 실효성을 검정해 보았다. 검정 결과, 시간 적분 모델이 일사량 실측치를 대입하여 합산한 결과와 잘 일치하였다. 일차생산력 계산을 위한 기초 광량 자료는 변화가 심한 일 자료보다 한 달 또는 한 주간 평균 자료를 대입하는 것이 더 신뢰성 있는 결과에 도움이 되는 것으로 판단되었다. 일차생산력 수직적분은 수직적으로 불균일한 식물플랑크톤 분포 때문에 어려움이 있으나, 엽록소 분포를 몇 가지 유형으로 분류하여 수식화한 다음, 각 수식을 시간 적분한 일차생산력 모델과 합성하여 적분하면 해결할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 영어영문학
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.973-998
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• 2010

This paper aims at assessing the significance of Lyrical Ballads of 1798, the agreed inaugurator of English Romanticism, in terms of such key concepts as poetic "experiments," "conversation," and the authorial function. The 1798 volume marks an interesting incidence in which an author with no tangible substantiality can wield his authorial function over his works. The volume is signed without the named proper noun-its author is neither William Wordsworth nor Samuel Taylor Coleridge. The figure of the author in this case is realized by the poems he writes; he produces, and is produced by, his works-a fact that constitutes part of the poetic experiments manifested in the Advertisement. Working under this reciprocal production, the Author of the 1798 volume and his poems are collectively aiming at establishing a new class of poetry and an interpretive community. The notion of "conversation" is a key element in the thematic, stylistic ties among individual poems. Poems of the 1798 volume effect multi-layered, "blended" voices. Readers are expected to draw out the topological interweaving among poems through the practices of dialogic reading. In this light, the sequential necessity of "The Rime" and "Tintern Abbey" should be emphasized. They are stitched together in a logic of textual placement and the transition from one to the other is never arbitrary. Most of all, they are working under the same authorial function, complementing each other, and addressing the same poetic project in different textual locations. As an inaugural work of English Romanticism, Lyrical Ballads of 1798 in fact makes so many things happen and yet again anticipates something yet to come with elusiveness. The value of this poetic experiments should be judged not only by what is claimed in it, but what it sets out to do and "how far" it will be performed, as implied in the Advertisement. The efficacy of the volume, more than anything else, is dependent upon the performative power of words.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.747-751
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• 1999

The Hohenheim in vitro gas test was used to assess the nutritional value of some crop residues of known in vivo digestibility. The crop residues are groundnut shells (GNS) corn cobs (CC); cassava peels (CaP); unripe and ripe plantain peels (UPP, RPP) and citrus pulp/peels (CPP). Compared to other crop residues, crude protein (CP) content of CC was low. Except for CaP and CPP that had low neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF), other residues contained a high amount of cell wall constituents. Net gas production was significantly different among the crop residues (p<0.05). Gas production was highest in CPP followed by CaP. CC, UPP and RPP have the same volume of net gas production, while the least net gas production was in GNS. True dry matter (TDM) digestibility was significantly different (p<0.05) among the residues. GNS was the least in TDM digestibility. CaP, UPP and RPP had similar TDM digestibility values, while the highest TDM digestibility was obtained in CPP. OM digestibility was different among the residues (p<0.05). CaP and CPP had the same ME value while CC, UPP and RPP had close ME values and GNS the least in ME (p<0.05). The potential extent (b) and rate (c) of gas production were statistical different among the residues (p<0.05). The Hohenheim gas test gave high in vitro organic matter (OM) digestibility for CC, CaP, UPP and RPP and CPP. Fermentable carbohydrates and probably available nitrogen in the crop residues influenced net gas production. The results showed that crop residues besides, providing bulk are also a source of energy and fermentable products which could be used in ruminant livestock production in the tropics.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.723-732
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• 2009

The quick response(QR) system is very popular in Korean apparel companies. However, the usage of QR system was not known well. The purpose of this study is to identify the usage of the quick response decision support system(QR DSS) and postponement manufacturing in the Korean apparel company. The researched company was the only one which used the QR DSS. The researchers carried out the depth interview with the QR decision makers of the company. This company had 14 brands, and had used the QR DSS since January, 2008. The results are as follows: The QR DSS was supportive computer software program, and it helped the staffs to make agile decision about QR repeat production of clothing. The QR DSS automatically calculated the related data, and suggested the expected sales volume and the proper supply amounts of the styles. There were four functions in QR DSS : 'QR Alert', 'Proper Supply Amount Simulation', 'Sensible QR', and 'Supply/Sales Simulation by Item'. The men's clothing brands effectively used 'Supply/Sales Simulation by Item' function. And the women's clothing brands effectively used 'QR Alert' function. This company also used the postponement production system for QR repeat production. The postponement production was conducted with four methods : the yarn stocking, the grey fabric stocking, the dyed fabric stocking, and the fabric sourcing. The men's clothing brands usually used of the yarn stocking methods and the dyed fabric stocking methods. The women's clothing brands usually used the grey fabric stocking methods. By using QR DSS and postponement production system the company was able to shorten the lead time for QR decision making.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.539-546
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• 2010

In this work, mass production of Bacillus licheniformis SCD121067 through medium optimization by statistical experimental method was studied. First, galactose, yeast extract and potassium phosphate dibasic were selected as carbon, nitrogen and phosphate sources for mass production of B. licheniformis SCD121067 by using one factor at a time method. Second, according to the result of Plackett-Burman experimental design, key factors was yeast extract and $K_2HPO$. Finally, the response surface methodology was performed to obtain the optimum concentrations of two selected variables. The optimized medium composition consisted of 20 g/L galactose, 36 g/L yeast extract, 0.41 g/L $K_2HPO4$, 0.25 g/L $Na_2CO_3$, 0.4g/L $MgSO_4$ and 0.01g/L $CaCl_2$. Dry cell weight (15.4 g/L) by optimum production medium were increased 10 times, as compared to that determined with basic production medium (1.5 g/L). Fermentation conditions were examined for the mass production of B. licheniformis. The effect of temperature, agitation speed, pH and aeration rate on the mass production of B. licheniformis were also studied in a batch fermenter which was carried out in a 2.5 L bioreactor with a working volume of 1.5 L containing optimized production medium. As a result, dry cell weight of batch culture was 30.7 g/L at $42^{\circ}C$, 300 rpm, pH 8.0 and 2 vvm.