• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권12호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2018

본 연구는 머리전방자세와 둥근어깨자세에 대한 일반 운동과 동작관찰, 시각적 되먹임의 효과를 알아보고자 한다. 머리전방자세와 둥근어깨자세를 가진 24명으로 하였으며, 일반 운동군(8명), 동작관찰군(8명), 시각적 되먹임군(8명)으로 무작위 배분하였다. 모든 운동군은 주 3회, 총 4주간 운동하였다. 운동 전 후 머리척추각(CVA), 둥근어깨자세(RSP), 시각적 상사척도(VAS), 경부장애지수(NDI)를 평가하였다. 연구결과 CVA는 일반 운동군과 동작관찰군에서 유의한 변화를 보였으며, RSP, VAS, NDI의 경우 모든 운동군에서 유의한 변화를 보였다. 운동군 간 변화량 비교에서는 VAS에서 동작관찰군이 일반 운동군과 시각적 되먹임군보다 큰 변화량을 보였다. 본 연구결과 동작관찰이 머리전방자세와 둥근어깨자세의 개선에 효과가 있을 것이라고 사료된다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2012

This study analyzed the observation characteristics with the subject of observation data through defining the change of the observation degree as attention /conscious observation /visual understanding. Furthermore, by obtaining the formular with which to estimate the subjects' observation amount, this study suggests a potential method for easier analysis of observation characteristics. The conclusions from the study are as the followings. First, the observation frequency was being generated with wide deviation among subjects while there was a flow-on characteristics depending on the degree of observation. These characteristics enabled the study to obtain the formular with which to estimate the observation amount. Second, the study could establish the area frequency by grade from the entire observation data. The area I was at most 4% for the area frequency but accounted for 18.2% of the entire effective observation time, and the area II 16% and 38.7% respectively. Accordingly, only considering the observation area distribution of the area I or the areas I and II shows which position of the space the subjects were observing. Third, with the subject of the relatively higher observation time at at the subject's observation characteristics, as the observation phase was getting higher, the observation time decreased more. Forth, by obtaining the formular to estimate the observation amount for observation data according to the change of observation degree, the study could find the estimating observation characteristics of additional subjects. The formular shortens the analysis time and facilitates the analysis process.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.108-118
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• 2013

This study has analyzed the process of space information perceived and recognized through the estimation of observation frequency and number according to the time range of observation data acquired from observation experiment with the object of hospital lobby. The followings are the results analyzed at this study. First, the continual observation of 3 and 6 times was attentive and conscious for probing to find an object rather than for acquiring exact information and that of 9 times could be regarded as the time for acquiring visual appreciation. However, the repetitive occurrence of high and low frequencies can be thought of repetitive acts for visual appreciation. Second, the continual observation of 3 and 6 times had the highest observation frequency of II, while that of 9 times had the highest observation frequency of III. In case of 3 and 6 times, the observation frequency had the tendency to become a little higher after being low since V, and in case of 9 times it had the repetition of becoming low and high and from IX it characteristically got higher. This feature can be thought to be the process that the subject repeats the fixation and movement of observation at a visual activity for perception and recognition. In the process of first observation, the observation frequency was the highest after 20 seconds or so, but since then, it gets lower and repeatedly gets higher and lower as time passes. After 90 seconds, the frequency showed the tendency of getting higher continuously. Third, the examination of changing features of frequency may show the characteristics of exploration for and attention to space but if the observation frequency is not associated with observation times for analysis there will a limitation that the features of observation frequency cannot be clarified. Accordingly, the simultaneous analysis of both is very effective for estimating the observation characteristics seen at the processes of perception and recognition. Fourth, the general analysis of the both revealed: with the progress of observation time the discontinuous space exploration decreased, and as the observation time got longer the fixed attention to a specific spot increased. Fifth, in order to estimate the observation characteristics by the change of time range the observation frequency and times by trend line was analyzed, which approach seems to be an appropriate technique that can comprehensively show the overall flow of time series data.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of computer pointing game on the visual perception ability of children with severe intellectual disability. Based on a literature review, we developed a computer pointing game to improve visual perception ability, which consisted of three stages; catching a hamburger, catching a hamburger and a soda, and catching various foods. At each stage, different instructional models were applied by difficulty level of the contents. Experiments were performed among four children with severe intellectual disabilities for three weeks. They belonged to H public school in Kyeonggi, Korea. Their visual perceptions were quantitatively measured four times by utilizing the Korean Developmental Test of Visual Perception tool (K-DTVP-2). For qualitative evaluation, an observation assessment diary was written and analyzed. All four children at the fourth test showed better visual perception ability, compared with the ability at the first test. As a result of the analysis of the observation assessment, they were considered successful in their learning and ordinary life related to visual perception. It can be concluded that the computer pointing game may play a role in helping children with severe intellectual disabilities improve their visual perception ability.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2006

People with visual impairments are difficult to go to education facility by themselves, because of their limited visual ability, orientation, and usability field, so they prefer dormitories. Those dormitories playa role in living space, education, communication and culture function. Therefore those facilities planned more user centered design, since they are influenced by user actability and their values. User centered designs that match between the user and space are understood as well as their characteristics and behavior. Especially for understanding their activity, observation is conducted about their behavior in dormitories. Thus the purpose of this study is suggested to be a basic source that planning about residential facility for people with visual impairments through interview and observation investigation by analysis that they resident in space motion and performance.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.76-85
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• 2014

When conscious and unconscious exploring information of space-visitors which is contained in the information acquired in the process of seeing any space is analyzed, it can be found what those visitors pick up as factors in the space for its selection as visual information in order to put it into action. This study, with the object of the space reproduced in three dimensions from the cafe which was visited for conversation, has analyzed the process of acquiring space-information by sex to find out the features of scanning path, findings of which are the followings. First, the rate of scanning type of males was "Combination (50.5%)- Circulation (31.0%) and that of females "Horizontal (32.5%) - Combination (32.1%)", which shows that there was a big difference by sex in the scanning path which took place in the process of observing any space. Second, when the features of continuous observation frequency by sex is looked into, the trends of increased "horizontal" scanning and decreased "Combination" scanning of both showed the same as the frequency of continuous observations increased, while in case of "Circulation" scanning, that of females was found to decrease but that of males showed the aspect of confusion. Third, the 'Combination' scanning of males was found strong at the short observation time with three times of continuous observation frequency defined as "Attention Concentration" while the distinct feature was seen that the scanning type was dispersed to "combination-circulation" as the frequency of continuous observation increased. Females start the information acquirement with "combination-circulation" but in the process of visual appreciation they showed a strong "Horizontal" These scanning features can be defined as those by sex for acquiring space information and therefore are very significant because they are fundamental studies which will enable any customized space-design by sex.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.128-136
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• 2009

This study analyzed and defines the property of visual perception throughout the revision of the observation time of the original space and the rotating space. The conclusions of this study are as fellows: First, based on the existing theory and experiment, the study obtained the basis which decides the sector data originating fixation-gaze after staring the specific sector over 300ms time. It will become the turning point hereafter for our research to fix the time in this way. Second, in analyzing the minute data, the study built a revision method of the observation time by analyzing the meanings and the reasons of the revision of the original data. Third, according to the difference of revision quantity, female testee have more increases in the amount of data than male testee from the original screen. On the other hand, the opposite tendency appears from the previous data. This shows there is a difference in the observation properly by sex. Last, we could grasp Information about the property of the observation time throughout eyeball fixations, and the revision and analysis of the 'controlled observation data'. These data can be used in design element arrangement of interior space, hereafter.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.56-65
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• 2004

This study divides the expression techniques of Zaha Hadid into various types who has manipulated her targeted drawings as her unique design tools in the process of architectural design, analyzes them in terms of the vanishing point, visual point for observation and object of observation and attempts to figure out how the multi-visual expression is applied in the conception of form and space and method of observation. By doing so, this study will suggest the characteristics of the expression techniques using multi-visual. Through the above study, the utilization and characteristics of multi-visual expression of the architecture design process of Zaha Hadid are summarized as follows. Firstly, Zaha Hadid utilizes the strained multi-visual perspective technique which can look out over the interaction between masses simultaneously at multi-angles by changing a perspective drawing of vanishing point 1, 2, and 3. Secondly, it utilizes a landscape perspective technique and embodies an Idea of landscape's spatial arrangement through it as the means to search a dynamic relation of architecture, city, land, and space. Thirdly, there is a projected expression using X-ray perspective technique to make the relations between inside and outside of building to three-dimension volume. Zaha Hadid has used the expression techniques using multi-visual by utilizing various points and has developed and used them as her creative tools for idea. By means of escaping from the expression techniques of simple revival, she has used a new expression technique that can represent recognized space. In the past, the content could change the expression techniques in architecture; however, the liberation of architectural expression techniques can change the content in modern times when require new attempts.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.128-136
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• 2015

This research, which has been planned to appreciate the features of continuous observation of space, has applied the procedure of acquiring continuous visual information when the act of watching takes place along the time to analyze the space characteristics through the scenes and time so that the features of attention shown in the process of acquiring visual information at the time of observing continuous scenes might be estimated. For analysis of the features of continuous observation was set up the premise that the features of observation and perception vary depending on gender, when the women shops in department stores were selected as research objects. The observation features found at the time of continuous observation of selling spaces in department stores were focused on two analysis methods in order to compare the differences and characteristics of the two. The followings are the findings. First, the area with predominant observation was found to be 87.1% in both methods. It was found that the analysis of observation features by "Analysis I" was useful for inter-sectional comparison of continuous images. Second, in case of extracting predominant sections, the ceiling or the structures which are the backgrounds rarely attracted any eyes. Depending on analysis method, there was the gap of 14.3%~25.0% between observed sections. Third, in case that the hall is curved, the eyes were found to be expanded from side to side and up and down. The review of observation numbers of predominant sections makes it possible to decide whether it should be regarded as (1) unstability or (2) expanding search, and when the images are enlarged from distant view to close-range view, the weakening vanishing point results in the increase of expanded search of surroundings. Accordingly, it was found that the characteristics of images has effects on the observation features when any space was continuously observed. Furthermore, the difference of analysis methods also was found to be likely to cause big differences in the results of analyzing observation features.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.9-10
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• 2008