• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Objective: This study identifies the difference among the heights of a chair's backrest (High, Mid, No), the biomechanical changes chair users undergo over time, and the variables that can measure musculoskeletal disorders, eventually providing information on the appropriate type of backrest. Method: Eleven healthy subjects in their 20s and 30s who had no experience with musculoskeletal disorders or surgical operations within the last 6 months participated in this study. Computer typing tasks were randomly designated and performed according to the type of chair backrest, and evaluation was performed for Flexion-Relaxation Ratio (FRR) analysis after the computer typing tasks. This study used eight infrared cameras (sampling rate: 100 Hz) and nine-channel electromyography (sampling rate: 1,000 Hz). ANOVA with repeated measures was conducted to verify the results, with the statistical significance level being α = .05. Results: Although there was no significant difference in craniovertebral angle (CVA), this study showed time and interaction effects depending on the height of the backrest (p<.05). When working without the backrest, the head-spine angle was lower compared to the chairs with backrest, based on the computer work. As for the head angle, the higher the back of the chair was, the less the head flexion and the body angle became, whereas the body flexion became less when there was a backrest. In addition, the body flexion increased over time in all types of backrests (p<.05). The muscle activity of the upper body tended to be high in the high backrest chair. On the other hand, a lower muscle activity was found with a low backrest. Conclusion: These results show that a chair is more ergonomic when the body angle is correctly set without bending and when it is supported by a low backrest. Accordingly, this study determines that the backrest affects shoulder and neck musculoskeletal disorders during typing and that medium-height backrest chairs can help prevent musculoskeletal disorders, contrary to the expectation that high-backrest chairs are preferable.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.252-264
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• 2023

Background: The primary aim of this study is to statistically analyze and compare the difference in treatment outcomes based on the frequency and duration of acupotomy treatment for lumbar disk herniation. Methods: The evaluation of efficacy and safety involved using visual analog scale (VAS), numeric rating scale (NRS), Roland Morris disability questionnaire (RMDQ), EuroQol 5-dimention (EQ-5D), and similar parameters. This was achieved through the establishment of a comparable cohort using propensity score matching. Group A comprised 46 patients who underwent 4 sessions of acupotomy treatment for 2 weeks, while Group B consisted of 15 patients who received 6 acupotomy sessions for 3 weeks. Results: For Group A, the average amount of change in VAS values at weeks 4 and 6 was significantly decreased. However, the average amount of change in RMDQ values was not significant. Notably, the average amount of change of EQ-5D values at week 6 increased significantly. As for Group B, the average amount of change of NRS values in weeks 2 and 3 was significantly decreased. Conversely, the average amount of change in RMDQ and EQ-5D values was not significant. In comparing the 2 groups at the final follow-up, the average amount of change in all evaluation values was not significant. Further, no significant interaction effect was observed in the changes over time in all evaluation values between the 2 groups. Conclusion: This study establishes that there was no statistically significant difference in pain reduction, functional impairment, and quality of life improvement between 2 group.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.148-155
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• 2023

Background: Although visual examination and palpation are used to assess shoulder motion in clinical practice, there is no consensus on shoulder motion under dynamic and static conditions. This study aimed to compare shoulder joint motion under dynamic and static conditions. Methods: The dominant arm of 14 healthy adult males was investigated. Electromagnetic sensors attached to the scapular, thorax, and humerus were used to measure three-dimensional shoulder joint motion under dynamic and static elevation conditions and compare scapular upward rotation and glenohumeral joint elevation in different elevation planes and angles. Results: At 120° of elevation in the scapular and coronal planes, the scapular upward rotation angle was higher in the static condition and the glenohumeral joint elevation angle was higher in the dynamic condition (P<0.05). In scapular plane and coronal plane elevation 90°-120°, the angular change in scapular upward rotation was higher in the static condition and the angular change in scapulohumeral joint elevation was higher in the dynamic condition (P<0.05). No differences were found in shoulder joint motion in the sagittal plane elevation between the dynamic and static conditions. No interaction effects were found between elevation condition and elevation angle in all elevation planes. Conclusions: Differences in shoulder joint motion should be noted when assessing shoulder joint motion in different dynamic and static conditions.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.83-91
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• 2019

Gameplay exists not only in game activities, but also in other art forms. An animated film with strong gameplay whose gameplay narrative follows the presupposition principle, achieved through unimaginable sound effects, exaggerated visual styling, hypothetical time and space concepts, fictional storylines and character performances. The strength or the presence or absence of gameplay in animated films is reflected in the grasp and use of these gameplay elements in the process of animated film narratives. The gameplay narrative of animated films fully utilizes the characteristics of gameplay thinking. In the process of scriptwriting and narrative, it combines entertainment, action, adventure, competition and other elements to fully reflect the characteristics of "gameplay". Gameplay narratives often use the strategies of reverse setting, repetition and interaction, and rules and challenges setting, which not only enhances the fun of animated film narratives, but also attracts the attention of the audience, which then can enhance the audience's viewing experience.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.35-37
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• 2022

Online video conferencing systems such as Zoom and Discord are mainly used for non-face-to-face work due to their good accessibility and lack restriction of space. However, most online video conferencing systems are difficult to interact in both directions, and problems such as difficulty in communication and lack of immersion are emerging in participants who use them. On the other hand, Metaverse, which has attracted attention with the development of spatial computing, enables smooth interaction like the real world in the three-dimensional virtual world by utilizing hearing, visual, and touch information. In this paper, we propose a method of utilizing the metaverse platform to improve the problem of lack of immersion in the existing online video conferencing system. Through the proposal method, platform users can share and check each other's work screens in a virtual space and exchange various data. In order to improve participants' of immersion, the environment and improvement plan of the metaverse platform were constructed and compared with the existing online video conferencing platform.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.423-430
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• 2023

This dissertation discusses the formulation of a nonlinear storytelling board that preserves the contextual perspective of characters. Storytelling encompasses the director's creative intention by leveraging the interaction of various elements to construct a logical narrative that explores cause and effect. Its primary objective is to enhance viewers' empathy. Consequently, there is a pressing need for comprehensive research on differentiating storytelling from storyboarding. Moreover, the integrated approach to storytelling and storyboarding holds scholarly value in understanding the process of narrative composition and visualization. Thus, a study proposes a method for constructing nonlinear storytelling boards considering the discrete camera perspective and contextual scene continuity, ultimately contributing to visual complexity and correlation comprehension. This approach enables a careful and simultaneous consideration of the correlations that deepen cognition, including the physical, emotional, and event rhythms mentioned in Karen Perlman's theory.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.253-258
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• 2023

In comics, panels serve a variety of dramatic purposes, including controlling the flow of the story through the size, placement, and order of panels; directing the eye to where characters or specific actions take place; expressing the passage or sequence of time; and using backgrounds, lighting, and color to emphasize emotion and convey mood. When applied to VR animation, these comic panels can give users a more immersive experience of the cartoon world in the VR space. In the VR animation "Mescaformhill: Missing Five," produced in 2022, the comic panels directing is very important to guide the viewer's attention, and in the VR space, the camera angle can be freely changed to realize various visual effects, and the physical interaction brings the comic panels directing to life. This can open up new ways of storytelling in VR animation and contribute to its successful expansion into new mediums.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.35-49
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• 2023

The purpose is to derive its aesthetic characteristics by objectifying the visual image of the YouTube campaign into adjectives. As a result, we intend to identify advertising strategies that use them as basic data for setting fashion design concepts. A group of experts in fashion majors watched each of them, wrote adjectives, and collected 75 adjectives. By analyzing the frequency of adjectives, aesthetic characteristics were derived with adjectives recording the upper number of times, and the results were obtained that they had the characteristics of deconstruction. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, Tamburin's Jenny appeared to be strange, scary, rambling and charming. Among the internal meanings of deconstruction due to spatial, social, and psychological distance from consumers, it can be said that T.P.O's mutual textuality and play of interaction. Second, Gucci Cruise be chosen rural, strange, wild, unharmonious, and difficult, which is a mixture of intertextuality and play of T.P.O. Third, The Excise Gucci Campaign parodies that juxtaposes six films directed by Stanley Kubrick, making them strange, retro, difficult, interesting, and wrong. Deconstructionist de-genre and de-boundary Fourth, Kenzo World is weird, dynamic, wrong, difficult, difficult, and confused, which correspond to T.P.O's interactive textuality, play of the second half, and destruction and decomposition among the external expressions of deconstruction. Fifth, Burberry Hero emphasized the aesthetic value of traditional men, so it was ostensibly wild, free, powerful, sensual, and fantastic. Compared to the lifestyle of men who usually work at work, this corresponds to play of second best.

• Korean Journal of Schizophrenia Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.74-80
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• 2018

Objectives : This study investigated whether long-acting injectable (LAI) paliperidone is different from its oral form in terms of the effect on cognitive function in schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. Methods : We reviewed the medical records of patients in Seoul National University Bundang Hospital who were diagnosed as having schizophrenia and/or other psychotic disorders based on DSM-5 from 2016 to 2017. Seven patients were treated with oral paliperidone and 11 were treated with paliperidone palmitate. All patients underwent clinical and neuropsychological assessment, including the Korean version of the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) at their first visit or within one month of their initial treatment. MCCB was repeated within three to 12 months after the initial assessment. Results : There was no significant difference between the two groups in most cognitive domains including speed of processing, attention and vigilance, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning and reasoning and problem solving domain. However, patients treated with paliperidone palmitate showed better improvement in social cognition domain than those taking oral paliperidone. The standardized values of social cognition domain scores had significantly improved over time in patients under paliperidone palmitate, demonstrating a significant time-by-group interaction. Conclusion : Our results show that long-acting injectable paliperidone could be helpful in some aspects of improving cognitive function in schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. Further studies with other antipsychotics are necessary to generalize the results.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.578-592
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• 2023

This study identified and evaluated by deriving and categorizing concepts related to the user experience of metaverse fashion shows using grounded theory, which is a qualitative research method. Based on experiential marketing theory, in-depth interviews were conducted for 14 days with 14 males and females in their 20s and 30s. The research results and contents are as follows: The causal condition was the purpose of using metaverse fashion shows, and the action/interaction strategy caused by such a case was found to be establishing a system for metaverse fashion shows and promoting a positive brand image. The results included content evaluation of satisfaction, normal, or dissatisfaction. The contextual condition was a change in the form of consumption that emphasized experience, while the interventional condition was psychological distance. Based on this, the core category was defined as "consumption patterns that emphasized the purpose of use and experience affects the metaverse fashion shows and psychological distance appeared as a user experience evaluation through the establishment of a system of metaverse fashion shows and the promotion of a positive brand image". User types were classified as active or passive. Active users have the autonomy to select content according to their individual preferences, and accordingly, their experience preference tends to change. In contrast, passive users' preference for the technical quality of content is relatively low, but they have a high concentration of content diversity and audio-visual interest elements.