• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.261-265
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was aimed to investigate direct care stress and job satisfaction in home care nurses. Method: Subjects were 139 home care nurses of hospitals in urban cities. Data was collected by a self report questionnaire. Direct care stress was measured by Community Health Nurses Perceptions of Work-Related Stressors Questionnaire. Job satisfaction was measured by a visual analogue scale. Results: The average score of direct care stress was 60.4. There were significantly high direct care stress in those who had less than that 3 years experience than in their counterparts. The average score of job satisfaction was 79.5. There were significant high job satisfaction in those who willingly chose to work. Direct care stress negatively correlated with the length of office experience of the home care nurse. Conclusion: A direct care educational program should be developed for those who have less than 3 years experience to decrease their stress level.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.99-109
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• 2016

Purpose: This study investigated factors influencing the xerostomia symptoms in the patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Methods: Eighty-six participants over the age of twenty were randomly enrolled from patients with TMDs. The patients were diagnosed by Diagnostic Criteria-TMD (DC-TMD). Intensity of the pain and level of stress of the patients were recorded using TMD pain visual analogue scale (VAS) and stress VAS, respectively. The Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90R), dry mouth symptom questionnaire, unstimulated salivary flow rate (USFR) and oral moisture were measured. Results: The patients who had above the mean of the TMD pain VAS had significantly higher scores on the stress VAS, subjective dry mouth symptoms and T-score of somatization. The patients who suffered from pain more than three months had significantly higher TMD pain VAS, subjective dry mouth symptoms and T-score of somatization. There were no significant differences in xerostomic symptoms according to the diagnosis of TMDs. Moreover, TMD pain VAS and the stress VAS did not correlated to USFR and oral moisture. Conclusions: The level of individuals' TMD pain and stress significantly affect their subjective dry mouth symptoms, however, it did not affect USFR and oral moisture.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2007

Purpose: The objective of this study was to report the outcomes of patients treated with extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) for refractory plantar fasciitis of the foot. Materials and Methods: From November 2005 to October 2006, a total of sixty-two patients with refractory plantar fasciitis were treated with extracorporeal shock wave therapy. The main outcome measurements were visual analogue scale (VAS) and Roles and Maudsley score evaluated before treatment and at one and six months after treatment. Results: Roles and Maudsley score was excellent (0%), good (6.4%), fair (35.4%) and poor (58.2%) before treatment which improved to excellent (56.5%), good (38.7%), fair (4.8%) and poor (0%) at final follow-up. VAS scores also significantly improved after ESWT (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant correlation between clinical results and body mass index (BMI) (p=0.102). Conclusion: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy appears to be an effective and safe treatment modality for refractory plantar fasciitis and may help the patient to avoid surgery for refractory heel pain.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.35-42
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• 2011

Three hundred and fourteen low back pain patients completed the Korean version of the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (KODQ) and the Rasch analysis was then applied to identify the inappropriate items and to determine ODQ item difficulties according to a subject's characteristics. For women and youths, the 'sex life' item showed misfit statistics, whereas for older subjects it was the 'pain intensity' and 'standing' items. Also, in the acute low back group the 'pain intensity', 'standing' and 'sex life' items showed misfit statistics. For all subjects, the most difficult item was 'pain intensity', whereas the easiest item was 'walking'. But for the older and acute groups 'lifting' was the most difficult item and for those who have a visual analogue scale score of 3 or less 'sitting' was the most difficult item. These results show that differential item functioning is present in several items according to sex, age, acute and chronic pain, and VAS score. This study may be useful for adjusting the KODQ item difficulties for low back pain patients with different characteristics.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.99-105
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• 2005

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to analyze the functional and clinical improvement effect on temporomandibular disorder by additional Hominis Placenta and bee venom herbal acupuncture treatment. Methods : A patient was treated with Hominis Placenta, bee venom herbal acupuncture, simple acupuncture, chiropractic therapy, and herbal medicine. We evaluated the improvement by visual analogue scale(VAS) score, mouth opening range, and X-ray image. Results : The VAS score was significantly decreased and mouth opening range was increased after treatment. X-ray image showed improved change after treatments. Conclusions : We think Hominis Placenta and bee venom herbal acupuncture treatment mainly contributed to the improvement of temporomandibular disorders. Further study is needed for the confirmation of this effect of on temporomandibular disorders.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.282-290
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare health promoting behavior between working and non-working mothers with infants and toddlers, and to investigate factors affecting the mothers'health promoting behavior. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted through conveniently sampled 403 women who visited the child health clinics at two public health centers. The questionnaire included the Health Promoting Life Style Profile (HPLP) and a visual analogue scale for subjective health status. ANCOVA, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression were conducted using SPSS ver. 21. Results: Working mothers' average HPLP score ($2.30{\pm}0.37$) was higher than non-working mother's ($2.15{\pm}0.37$). The score of the physical activity subscale was lowest among the subscales and there was a difference between the two groups. Subjective mental health status was the only predictor of working mothers'health promoting behavior, and it explained 23.2% of variance in health promoting behavior. Subjective mental health status, education, and age were the predictors of non-working mothers' health promoting behavior and they explained 27.2% of variance in health promoting behavior. Conclusion: According to the findings, both working and non-working mothers' health promoting behaviors were low. To promote mothers' health, it is necessary to develop diverse community health promotion programs to support mothers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2012

Purpose : This study aimed to compare the effect of two modes (proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation combination patterns and ball exercise) of low back stability for chronic low back patients. Methods : The subjects were recruited fourty patients who had low back pain. All subjects were randomly assigned to PNF combination patterns group, ball exercise group. Measurements were performed fourtimes: pre test, 2weeks, 4weeks, and 6weeks. Main outcome measures comprised the visual analogue scale(VAS), balance performance monitor(BPM). Results : The results were as follows. In the comparison of VAS score, sway area, sway path, and sway velocity according treatment period, score was significantly reduced in both PNF combination pattern group and ball exercise group. In the comparison of the both VAS and sway area between groups, there were significant. PNF combination pattern group significantly more decrease than ball exercise group at 6 weeks. However, both sway path and sway max velocity between group, there were not significantly. Conclusion : These results of this study indicated that PNF combination pattern which performed for six weeks had a significant influence than ball exercise group on low back pain.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.419-428
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• 2011

1. Objective: The aim of this study was to report significant improvement of tinnitus and insomnia after treatment with Cheongsimyeonja-tang in a Taeeumin patient with Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss(SSHL) that accompanied with Tinnitus. 2. Method: We measured the hearing recovery. For diagnosis on this case, pure tone audiometry was used. The degree of improvement was evaluated by Siegel's Criteria. Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory(THI) were also used to assess tinnitus objectively. 3. Result: There was no improvement in pure tone audiometry by Siegel's Criteria. However, VAS score was decreased from 10 to 1 and THI score was also decreased from 74 to 48. 4. Conclusion: A patient with SSHL, who has little possibility of recovery of hearing loss, was treated with Cheongsimyeonja-tang in a short period and significant improvement in tinnitus and insomnia was observed. We consider that consistent treatment of Cheongsimyeonja-tang can contribute to improve the hearing loss.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.211-217
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• 2005

Objectives : This study was to evaluate the effects of acupuncture at Sang-Baek, Dong-Si acupuncture point, for the patients with sprain of the wrist pain(snuffbox region). Methods : To randomize, We tossed a coin, so 36 patients were divided into two. Group A of 19 persons was treated with common acupuncture treatment, and Group B of 17 persons was treated with acupuncture of Sang-Baek. We evaluated the treatment effect of each group by Visual Analogue Scale and Modified Mayo Wrist Score. Results : After 7days from the baseline, in VAS, Group A is $4.84{\pm}1.80$ and Group B is $3.35{\pm}2.06(P=0.038)$. In Wrist Score, Group A is $26.47{\pm}18.70$ and Group B is $44.64{\pm}27.76(P=0.034)$ Conclusion : We knew that acupuncture of Sang-Baek is more effective.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.261-268
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• 2013

This study was performed to report the case of Korean medical treatment for the Patulous Eustachian tube patient with headache. The patient was treated by acupuncture, herbal medicine, bee venom injection, needle-embedding therapy, chuna therapy, release of cranial base and sacro-occipital therapy. Korean medical treatment was administered during 3 weeks. The improvement of clinical symptoms was evaluated by VAS (visual analogue scale) and SF-36 (36-Item Short Form Healthy Survey Instrument). After treatment, most symptoms decreased, headache VAS score changed 10 to 6 and tinnitus VAS score changed 10 to 5. Also, most SF-36 scores increased. Our study suggested that Korean medical treatments are effective in the patient with Patulous Eustachian tube. And further studies are required to identify underlying mechanism of treatment.