• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.442-449
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• 2006

Electrical, optical, and structural properties of indium zinc oxide (IZO) films grown by a box cathode sputtering (BCS) were investigated as a function of oxygen flow ratio. A sheet resistance of $42.6{\Omega}/{\Box}$, average transmittance above 88% in visible range, and root mean spare roughness of $2.7{\AA}$ were obtained even in the IZO layers grown at room temperature. In addition, it is shown that electrical characteristics of the top-emitting organic light emitting diodes (TOLEDs) with the BCS grown-IZO top cathode layer is better than that of TOLEDs with DC sputter grown IZO top cathode, due to absence of plasma damage effect. Furthermore the effects of oxygen flow ratio in IZO films are investigated, based on x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultra violet/visible (UV/VIS) spectro-meter, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis results.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.245-252
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• 2009

Changes in the surface morphology and light scattering of textured Al doped ZnO thin films on glass substrates prepared by rf magnetron sputtering were investigated. As-deposited ZnO:Al films show a high transmittance of above 80% in the visible range and a low electrical resistivity of $4.5{\times}10^{-4}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$. The surface morphology of textured ZnO:Al films are closely dependent on the deposition parameters of heater temperature, working pressure, and etching time in the etching process. The optimized surface morphology with a crater shape is obtained at a heater temperature of $350^{\circ}C$, working pressure of 0.5 mtorr, and etching time of 45 seconds. The optical properties of light transmittance, haze, and angular distribution function (ADF) are significantly affected by the resulting surface morphologies of textured films. The film surfaces, having uniformly size-distributed craters, represent good light scattering properties of high haze and ADF values. Compared with commercial Asahi U ($SnO_2$:F) substrates, the suitability of textured ZnO:Al films as front electrode material for amorphous silicon thin film solar cells is also estimated with respect to electrical and optical properties.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.831-840
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• 2019

액정을 이용하는 X-선 검출기에서 전면광원을 적용하는 액정 X선 검출기를 제안하였고 X선 영상을 찍어 작동을 확인하였다. 제안한 방식은 빛을 이용하므로 트랜지스터를 이용하는 방식에 비해 잡음이 적고 제작 비용을 낮출 수 있다. 액정을 이용하는 검출기는 광도전층을 이용하여 입사 X선을 액정의 분자 배열 변화로 유도하고 액정을 통과하는 빛의 변화량을 읽도록 한다. X선을 조사하고 잰 빛의 투과율과 이것에 대응되는 기준투과율 곡선의 전압으로부터 X선 조사량을 교정(Calibration)하는 과정을 정립하였다. 비정질 셀레늄을 광도전층으로 적용하였으며 200℃ 이상의 고온 처리가 필요한 배향막 공정 대신 패럴린 배향막을 사용하는 공정을 확립하였다. 제안된 액정 X선 검출기의 경우, 방사선량을 획기적으로 줄일 수 있다는 것을 시뮬레이션으로 보였다. 제안된 방식의 X-선 검출기를 제작하고 액정 바이어스 전압을 조절하며 X-선 라인 영상을 비교하였으며 고정 바이어스에서 시간에 따른 이미지 변화를 관찰하였다. 영상사진으로 10 lines/mm의 선패턴을 구별할 수 있었다. 이러한 실험을 바탕으로 검출 패널의 위상이 3π 정도인 17인치 시제품에 적용하여 저선량 액정 X선 검출기의 상용화를 추진할 예정이다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.19
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• pp.91-92
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• 2006

Aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) films are attractive materials as transparent conductive electrode because they are inexpensive, nontoxic and abundant element compared with indium tin oxide (ITO). AZO films have been deposited on glass (corning 1737) substrates by RF magnetron sputtering system. The electrical resistivity of AZO films was $1.81{\times}10^{-2}{\Omega}cm$ and the average transmittance in the visible range 400-800 nm was more than 76% Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with AZO/TPD/$Alq_3$/Al configuration were fabricated. The current density-voltage properties of devices were studied and compared with ITO devices fabricated under the same conditions.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2017년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.51-63
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• 2017

The touch panel was developed decades ago and has become a popular input device in daily life. Because human-computer interaction is becoming more important, the next generation of touch panels require stretchability and bio-compatibility to allow integration with the human body. However, because most touch panels were developed based on stiff, brittle electrodes, electronic touch panels face difficulties to achieve such requirements. In this paper, for the first time, we demonstrate an ionic touch panel based on polyacrylamide hydrogel containing LiCl ions. The panel is soft and stretchable and thus, can sustain a large deformation. The panel can freely transmit light information through it because the hydrogel is transparent, with 99 % transmittance for visible light. A 1-dimensional touch strip was investigated to reveal the basic mechanism of sensing, and a 2-dimensional touch panel was developed to demonstrate its functionalities. The ionic touch panel was operated under high deformation with more than 1000% areal strain without sacrificing its functionalities. Furthermore, an epidermal touch panel on the skin was developed to demonstrate the mechanical and optical invisibility of the ionic touch panel through writing words, playing the piano and playing games.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.873-877
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• 2006

We have fabricated top omission organic light emitting diodes with transparent Ba/Ag double layer cathodes deposited by using thermal evaporation method. The device structure was $glass/Ni(200nm)/2-TNATA(15 nm)/{\alpha}-NPD(15nm)Al_{q3}:C545T\;(1%,\;35nm)/BCP(5nm)/Ba(10nm)/Ag(8nm)$. The optical transmittance of the Ba(10 nm)/Ag(8 nm) layer was over 60 % in the visible wavelength region. The maximum efficiency of the device was $13.7\;cd/A\;at\;0.69\;mA/cm^{2}$ and the efficiency of over 10 cd/A was achieved at wide range of current densities and luminances.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.43-46
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• 2011

In this study, we investigated the effects of the post Ar plasma treatment at different RF powers for various durations on electrical, structural, and optical properties of relatively thin Al-doped zinc oxide films. The sheet resistance was observed to decrease rapidly for the first 5min, beyond which the resistance apparently saturated. As the RF power increased, the grain size and the interplanar distance of (002) planes also increased. The observed decrease in sheet resistance was stated to be a consequence of Al and/or Zn interstitials as well as grain growth. It was also found that Ar plasma treatment increased the transmittance of Al-doped zinc oxide films in most of the visible light range below the blue light.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.173-177
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• 2008

We have developed the transparent passivation layer for top emission organic light emitting diodes using CsCl thin film by the thermal evaporation method. The CsCl film was deposited on the Ca/Ag semitransparent cathode. The optical transmittance of Ca/ Ag/CsCl triple layer is higher than that of Ca/Ag double layer in the visible range. The device with a structure of glass/Ni/2-TNATA/a-NPD/Alq3:C545T/BCP/Alq3/Ca/Ag/CsCl results in higher efficiency than the device without CsCl passivation layer. The device without CsCl thin film shows a current efficiency of 7 cd/A, whereas the device passivated with CsCl layer shows an efficiency of 10 cd/A. This increase of efficiency isresulted from the increased optical extraction by the CsCl passivation layer.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 1996

좀부추의 생육에 적합한 광환경을 구명하기 위하여 여러 가지 칼라 필름을 이용하여 광투과특성, 생장특성, 무기성분과 엽록소 함량을 조사하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다- 칼라 필름의 종류에 따른 광투과 특성에서 광질은 대조구와 투명 필름의 경우 광의 파장 별 선택적인 차단은 없었지만 기타 필름은 선택적으로 감소 또는 차단되었으며, 광량은 대조구의 광투과량을 100으로 볼 때 투명 필름이 76.5%로써 가장 높았고, 녹색 필름은 13.5%로써 가장 낮았다. 생육특성은 투명색, 황색, 핑크색 필름이 양호한 반면 녹색과 청색 필름은 저조하였다. 엽록소 함량은 청색 필름에서 0.27mg/g으로써 가장 높았지만, 황색필름은 0.16mg/g으로써 가장 낮았고, 무기 성분 함량은 녹색 필름이 질소, 인산 칼리, 칼슘, 마그네슘에서 가장 높았지만, 주황색 필름은 인산, 칼륨, 핑크색 필름은 질소, 칼리, 마그네슘에서 가장 낮았다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.98-103
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• 2019

Optical filters to control light wavelength of displays or cameras are fabricated by multi-layer stacking process of low and high index thin films. The process of multi-layer stacking of thin films has received much attention as an optimal process for effective manufacturing in the optical filter industry. However, multi-layer processing has disadvantages of complicated thin film process, and difficulty of precise control of film morphology and material selection, all of which are critical for transmittance and coloring effect on filters. In this study, the composite $TiO_2$, which can be used to control of UV absorption, coated on nano hollow silica sol, was synthesized as a coating material for optical filters. Furthermore, systematic analysis of the process parameters during the chemical reaction, and of the structural properties of the coating solutions was performed using SEM, TEM, XRD and photo spectrometry. From the structural analysis, we found that the 85 nm nano hollow silica with 2.5 nm $TiO_2$ shell formation was successfully synthesized at proper pH control and titanium butoxide content. Photo luminescence characteristics, excited by UV irradiation, show that stable absorption of 350 nm-light, correlated with a 3.54 eV band gap, existed for the $TiO_2$ shell-nano hollow silica reacted with 8.8 mole titanium butoxide solution. Transmittance observed on substrate of the $TiO_2$ shell-nano hollow silica showed effective absorption of 200-300 nm UV light without deterioration of visible light transparency.