• 대한수의학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.83-90
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• 1989

The changes in serum total protein and immunoglobulin levels, and BVD, IBR and PI-3 viral neutralizing antibody titers in colostrum-conferred Korean native calves during the first 12 weeks postpartum were studied, and the results obtained were summerized as follows: The Mean concentration of total protein, total immunoglobulin, IgG, IgM and IgA in sera of 9 calves at birth were $3.8{\pm}0.5g/dl$, $0.27{\pm}0.15mg/ml$, $0.06{\pm}0.08mg/ml$, $0.21{\pm}0.11mg/ml$, and extremely low concentration, respectively. Serum total protein level reached a maximum at 20 hours after birth, total immunoglobulin, IgG, and IgM levels at 24 hours, and IgA level at 28 hours, respectively. Serum IgA level reached a minimum at 4 weeks old, IgM level at 5 weeks, total immunoglobulin level at 8 weeks, and IgG level at 10 weeks, respectively. After then those levels had begun to increase, but total protein level was still decreasing at 12 weeks old. The half-lives of IgG, IgM, and IgA were 21.1 days, 4.0 days, and 2.6 days-respectively. In 10 Korean native cows immediately after parturition, serum neutralizing antibody titers specific to BVD, IBR and PI-3 virus were $8.7{\pm}1.5{\log}_2$, $5.7{\pm}1.2{\log}_2$, and $6.8{\pm}1.01{\log}_2$, respectively. And colostral neutralizing antibody titers against BVD, IBR, and PI-3 virus were $10.1{\pm}1.4{\log}_2$, $6.8{\pm}1.3{\log}_2$ and $7.8{\pm}1.7{\log}_2$, respectively. Before suckling the colostrum, SN antibody titers against BVD, IBR, and PI-3 virus were undetectable from all of 9 Korean native calves. Nevertheless SN antibody titer against BVD virus reached a maximum level ($9.2{\pm}0.6{\log}_2$) at 24 hours after birth, that against IBR virus ($6.1{\pm}1.0{\log}_2$) at 20 hours after birth, and that against PI-3 virus ($6.8{\pm}0.9{\log}_2$) at 32 hours after birth, respectively. In 12 weeks old calves, the SN antibodies against BVD and IBR virus were still decreasing, but that against PI-3 virus reached a minimum at 10 weeks, and increased after 12 weeks of age. The half-lives of SN antibodies against BVD, PI-3 and IBR, virus were 16.0 days, 22.6 days, and 25.5 days, respectively.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.185-187
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• 2005

We tested the in vivo ability of a DNA chip to detect virus-specific genes from virus-infected olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Target cDNA was obtained from total RNA of virus infected cell lines by reverse transcription (RT) and was labeled with fluorescent dye (Cy5-dUTP). The results show the successful detection of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) and viral hemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) genes in the virus-infected fishes.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.272-278
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• 1994

약독화된 수두 바이러스(Varicella-zoster virus: VZV)를 샤람 폐세포(human embryonic lung c cells)에서 배양하였으며, 수두 바이러스의 생산에 미치는 혈청의 종류와 농도의 효과를 조샤하였다. 수두 바이러스는 바이러스 감염 비율이 높을수록 높 은 역가를 보였으며, 배양시간이 경과함에 따라 바 이러스 감염된 세포의 파괴로 인하여 세포수가 감소 되었다 .. Newborn calf serum(NCS), calf serum (CS), horse serum(HS) 등의 혈청을 샤용한 배양에서의 수두 바이러스의 역가는 CSis와 FBS를 사 용한 배양에서보다 낮아서 수두 바이러스 생산을 증 가하기 위해 이들 혈청의 사용은 적합하지 못하였 다. 그러나, calf serum iron supplemented(CSis) 혈청을 첨가한 배지에서의 세포 친화 바이러스(cell­a associated virus)와 세포 유리 바이러스( cell-free v virus)수율은 fetal bovine serum(FBS)을 첨가한 배지에서의 수율과 비슷하였으며, 고농도의 혈청사 용은 고려되어져야 할 요소이었다. 또한, 수두 바이 러스의 증식 벚 감염력 유지가 혈청성분과 농도에 의해서 영향을 받고 있음을 보였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.979-986
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• 2014

Plant pathogenic RNA viruses are present in a variety of plant-based foods. When ingested by humans, these viruses can survive the passage through the digestive tract, and are frequently detected in human feces. Kimchi is a traditional fermented Korean food made from cabbage or vegetables, with a variety of other plant-based ingredients, including ground red pepper and garlic paste. We analyzed microbial metatranscriptome data from kimchi at five fermentation stages to identify plant RNA virus-derived sequences. We successfully identified a substantial amount of plant RNA virus sequences, especially during the early stages of fermentation: 23.47% and 16.45% of total clean reads on days 7 and 13, respectively. The most abundant plant RNA virus sequences were from pepper mild mottle virus, a major pathogen of red peppers; this constituted 95% of the total RNA virus sequences identified throughout the fermentation period. We observed distinct sequencing read-depth distributions for plant RNA virus genomes, possibly implying intrinsic and/or technical biases during the metatranscriptome generation procedure. We also identified RNA virus sequences in publicly available microbial metatranscriptome data sets. We propose that metatranscriptome data may serve as a valuable resource for RNA virus detection, and a systematic screening of the ingredients may help prevent the use of virus-infected low-quality materials for food production.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 1980년도 학술대회지
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• pp.245-249
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• 1980

Total saponins extracted from Panox ginseng have no effect on the cytotoxic T-cell activity, and natural killer cell activity in mice infected with A/WSN influenza virus. The saponins, however suppressed delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to the virus and to sheep erythrocytes when administered to the animal before sensitization. Thus a prophylactic anti-inflammatory action of the total saponins of ginseng is observed, which may be related to their steroid-like structure.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2004

A simple and reliable procedure for RT-PCR detection of Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV), Cherry rasp leaf virus (CRLV), and Cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus (CNRMV) was developed. Two virus specific primer sets for each virus were found to specifically detect each virus among fourteen sets of designed oligonucleotide primers. Total RNAs extracted from healthy and from ASPV-,CRLV- and CNRMV-infected plant tissues were used to synthesize cDNA using oligo dT primer and then amplified by virus-specific primers for each virus. Each primer specifically amplified DNA fragments of 578 bp and 306 bp products for ASPV (prAS CP-C and prAS CP-N primers, respectively); 697 bp and 429 bp products for CRLV (prCR4 and prCR5-JQ3D3 primers, respectively); and 370 bp and 257 bp products for CNRMV (prCN4 and prCN6-NEG 1 primers, respec-tively) by RT-PCR. DNA sequencing of amplified DNA fragments confirmed the nature of each amplified DNA. Altogether, these results suggest that these virus specific primer sets can specifically amplify viral sequences in infected tissues and thus indicate that they can be used for specific detection of each virus.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.507-512
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• 1998

Molecular analysis has been done for characterization of the interactions between three beet curly top virus (BCTV) strains and two Arabidopsis ecotypes in terms of virus inducible disease symptoms and infectivities. The total DNA was isolated from three tissues (shoot tips, infection origins and roots) of virus infected plants and this DNA was analyzed by quantitatively and qualitatively to elucidate virus movement and symptom development. CTV-Worland infected Col-O and Sei-O showed only symptom shown in hypersusceptible ecotype Sei-O by BCTV-worland was shoot tip stunting. Kinetics of virus DNA accumulation of three different viruses indicated that roots contained more virus DNA than shoot tips or infection origins, and that disease symptom severity was strongly correlated with virus DNA accumulation. These results suggest that the mild and Worland-specific symptoms shown in Sei-O by BCTV-worland are caused by the interactions of host factors provided by hypersusceptible ecotype and viral factors of mild strain.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.371-375
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• 1999

Total 1,434 sera collected from 72 pig farms were tested for the detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus antibodies. The overall seroprevalence of PRRS virus antibodies was 49.3% (707/727). Of 72 farms tested 59 (81.9%) farms had at least one or more than one pigs with PRRS virus antibodies. The seroprevalence of PRRS virus antibody varied with age. Seroprevalence of PRRS virus antibody in 1 to 30-day-old, 31 to 40-day-old, 41 to 50-day-old, 51 to 60-day-old, and over 61-day-old pig were 27.4%, 52.3%, 57.9%, 52.7%, and 68.2%, respectively. Gilt showed relatively higher seroprevalence (61.2%) than sow (29.2%) and boar (38.3%). In most farms, the infection of PRRS virus was chronic and confined to grower or finisher. This pattern of infection suggests that partial depopulation of the infected herds appears be one of the measures to eradicate the PRRS virus infection. High seroprevalence of the PRRS virus antibody in gilts and boars indicates that the infected gilts and boars in the breeding farms are the major source of the PRRS virus infection, and also play an important role in spreading the PRRS virus between fan mates or herds.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2004

Total 2,451 sera collected from pig farms nationwide were tested for the detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS) virus antibodies. The results were analyzed between different geographic regions, types of breeding pigs, and different years. The overall seroprevalence of PRRS virus antibodies for 3 years was 32.4%(705/2,451). The seroprevalence of PRRS virus antibodies in years 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2004 was 33.4% (284/850), 38.6%(291/754), 33.3%(155/466), and 17.1%(65/381), respectively. The seropevalence of PRRS virus antibody in sow in years 2000, 2001, 2002 and 2003 was 31.7%, 28.4%, 29.6%, and 13.4%, respectively. The seropevalence of PRRS virus antibody in gilts in years 2000, 2001, 2002 and 2003 was 36.6%, 67.4%, 54.7%, and 33.9%, respectively. The seropevalence of PRRS virus antibody in boars in years 2000, 2001 and 2003 was 45.7%, 36.4%, and 100%, respectively. No boar serum sample was submitted for the diagnosis of PRRS virus antibody in the year 2000. High seroprevalence of the PRRS virus antibody in sow, gilts and boars indicates that the infected breeding pigs are the major source of the PRRS virus infection, and also play an important role in spreading the PRRS virus between fan mates or herds.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.223-228
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• 1998

Turnip mosaic virus)TuMV-Ca) was isolated from a Chinese cabbage showing severe mosaic and black necrotic spots symptoms in Korea. The virus was identified as a strain of TuMV by its host range test, particle morphology, serology, double stranded RNA analysis. For detection of the virus, reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was performed with a set of 18-mer TuMV-specific primers to amplify a 876 bp DNA fragment The virus was rapidly detected from total nucleic acids of virus infected tissues as well as native viral RNA of purified virion particles by RT-PCR. Detection limit of the viral RNA by RT-PCR was 10 fg.