• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.161-167
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose an in-plane switching (IPS) mode for liquid crystal displays (LCDs) that, in principle, is free of retardation of the LC cell. Basically, the optical configuration of the LC cell consists of an A-plate and an LC layer for switching between the dark and bright states. We could achieve a fast response time compared with the conventional in-plane LC cell because the free retardation condition of the proposed LC cell enables us to reduce the cell gap even by quarter-wave retardation without any change of the optimized LC material in the transmissive mode. Experiments for verification of the proposed in-plane switching LC cells have shown a significant reduction of the rising time and falling time simultaneously due to the small cell gap. Furthermore, we also proposed an optical configuration for wide viewing property of the retardation free IPS LCD by applying the optical films. We proved the wide-view property of the retardation free IPS LCD by comparing its optical luminance with the calculated optical property of the conventional IPS LCD.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.229-235
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• 2012

This paper dealt with the fabrication of a partial discharge (PD) analyzer for insulation diagnosis of power facilities like transformers, cables and gas-insulated switchgears. An analytic algorithm for the phase (${\phi}$), the magnitude (q), and the pulse count (n) of PD pulse was designed and a time-frequency (TF) map algorithm was applied in the system to eliminate noises by analyzing the time and the frequency component of signals. All the algorithms were operated by a LabView graphical program. The detection circuit consists of a coupling capacitor, a detection impedance, and a low noise amplifier. A plane-plane and a point-plane electrode system were fabricated to simulate different types of insulation defects. In the experiment, we could easily understand the characteristics of PD pulses using the prototype PD analyzer.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.58-70
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• 2005

Management practices and ordinances for urban scenic view protection are varied by cities because they have their distinctive nature and social environment. Therefore landscape management methods for urban scenic views are generally varied by the characteristics of city landscape and ordinance. This case study for scenic view protection practices in U.S.A. is very meaningful and appropriate because cities initiate a plan and/or an ordinance to manage urban scenic view in Korea. Urban scenic view protection methods were analyzed based on followings: 1) how to select scenic view resources and define spatial areas for preserving them, 2) how to control building height, open view corridor and guide landscaping and 3) how to carry out view protection methods and organize them in laws or ordinances. Findings of this study will be applied usefully in the development of urban scenic view protection methods in Korea.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.209-214
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to provide the fundamental data for a dummy design used I read-made clothing and underwear production I terms of a pattern of breast types based o their morphological characteristics in accordance with different pattern of breast types. The breast's side and frontal views of the breast were measured with 90 junior high school girls of age between 13 and 16 residing in the urban area of Seoul using the plan photogrammetry. 1. The correlation between the side view body measurement and the breast's side and front view were analyzed by using the canonical correlation analysis, whereby the side view body measurement is showing a 39% of the breast's side view and frontal view. 2. The breast's side and front view has been classified by cluster analysis. The results of custer analysis for the breast's side and front view would be turned out the four cluster. 1) The cluster Ⅰ, The most volumed breast's side view.(20%) 2) The cluster Ⅱ, The fastest growing breast's front view.(38%) 3) The cluster Ⅲ, the latest growing breast.(3%) 4) The cluster Ⅳ, the middle degree growing breast.(39%)

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.325-336
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• 2009

건강한 정상 교합 어린이 83명(남자 42명, 여자 41명)을 대상으로 보호자 동의하에 cone beam CT 영상을 촬영하여, 하악 제 1대구치의 맹출 양상을 연구하였다. 대상을 발육 정도에 따라 Nolla stage(4-10단계)로 구분한 후 삼차원 기준 평면인 전두면(frontal), 시상면(sagittal), 수평면(horizontal)에서 각각 하악 제 1대구치의 맹출 양상을 관찰하였다. 1. 전두면과 수평면에서, 하악 제 1대구치간 폭경은 감소하였는데, stage 5에서 stage 8까지 가장 크게 감소했다가 약간 증가하였다. 2. 시상면과 전두면에서, 하악 제 1대구치 맹출량은 교합평면을 기준으로 stage 5에서 stage 7까지 가장 많은 맹출 이동을 보였다. 3. 수평면과 시상면에서, 하악 제 1대구치는 제 2유구치 원심면으로부터 stage 4에서 stage 6까지 원심으로 이동하였고 이후 큰 변화가 없었다. 4. 시상면에서, 교합 평면과 하악 제 1대구치의 근원심 치축이 이루는 각은 stage 4에서 stage 8까지 증가하였다. 5. 전두면에서, 교합 평면과 하악 제 1대구치의 협설측 치축이 이루는 각은 지속적으로 증가하였다. 6. 수평면에서, 정중 시상면과 하악 제 1대구치의 치축이 이루는 각은 stage 5부터 stage 8까지 증가하다 stage 8이후에는 다시 약간 감소하였다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.105-114
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• 1985

In order to obtain the basic data of the movements of the mandible for orthodontic treatment and gnathosurgery of cleft individuals, the ranges and shapes of the movements of the mandible were measured in frontal, sagittal, and horizontal view with Saphon Visi-Trainer CII, in 19 adult cleft lip and palate individuals. The subjects included 5 BCLP, 9 UCLP, and 5 CLA patients. The measurements were compared with the values of normal individuals reported by Kang 1. Frontal view. The mean values for maximal laterotrusion were almost the same as those previously reported for the normal individuals. Mandibular deviation in maximal opening was usually toward the right, while it was mainly toward the left in normal individuals. Typical shield was formed only in the CLA group. 2. Sagittal view; The mean value for maximal protrusion was not different from that of normal group and antero-posterior deviation showed a significant difference. The angle of maximal protrusion and horizontal plane was less than that of normal group. 3. Horizontal view; The mean values for maximal laterotrusion and protrusion were not different from those of the normal group. The angle of the laterotrusion and horizontal plane was larger in the left and smaller in the right.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2006

본 논문은 2차원 형태의 가상 라벨을 시계 평면(view plane)상에 효율적으로 배치하기 위한 방법에 대해 다룬다. 제안하는 방식은 실시간 처리에 적합한 연산량을 가지면서, 기존의 자동 라벨 배치 알고리즘들이 완전하게 해결하지 못했던 국부 최소문제를 중첩 자유 영역을 이용해 극복하였다. 또한, 시계 평면에서 혼잡이 적은 영역에 라벨을 배치함으로써 배치된 라벨의 가독력을 향상 시켰다. 라벨의 배치에 있어서 배경 성분의 고려는 필수적이다. 하지만 기존의 논문들은 이러한 문제에 큰 관심을 기울이지 않았고, 자동 라벨 배치 알고리즘과 배경 분석 알고리즘은 개별적으로 연구가 진행되어왔다 본 논문은 가독력의 향상을 위해서 배경의 컬러와 텍스처 성분을 이용한 배경 분석 방식을 제안하였으며, 컬러 영상의 배경을 분석하여 자동 라벨배치 분야에 처음으로 적용하였다. 본 논문은 자동 라벨 배치 알고리즘과 배경 분석 알고리즘이 유기적으로 결합함으로써 이전의 논문에서 볼 수 없었던 배치 성능을 보여주며, 다양한 실험을 통해 이를 검증하였다.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2012

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the radiological characteristics of the osteoarthritis of the second metatarsophalangeal (MTP) and tarsometatarsal (TMT) joint. Materials and Methods: Between January 2002 and August 2010, 27 patients (33 feet) who had second metatarsal osteoarthritis (OA) were reviewed retrospectively. Group 1 was 14 patients (17 feet) with second MTP joint OA. Group 2 was 13 patients (16 feet) with second TMT joint OA. Group 3 was 24 patients (25 feet) had hallux valgus without second metatarsal (MT) OA as control. Weight bearing foot anteroposterior (AP) and lateral view were checked, and measured hallux valgus angle, metatarsus adductus angle (MAA), second MT functional length, first and second MT length by Hardy & Clapham method on AP view, angle of second MT with horizontal plane, calcaneal pitch, talo-first MT on lateral view. Results: On weight bearing foot AP view, second MT functional length of group 1, 2, 3 was 2.4 mm, -0.1 mm, 0.7 mm and MAA of group 1, 2, 3 was $17.7^{\circ}$, $17.7^{\circ}$, $14.5^{\circ}$. Second MT functional length of group 1 was longer than control group and it was statistically significant. MAA was significant different between group 1-3 and group 2-3. Angle of second MT with horizontal plane of group 2 was smaller than control group and it was statistically significant. Other radiographic parameters have no statistical significance. Conclusion: Group 1 has long functional length of second MT and group 2 has small angle of second MT with horizontal plane.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.271-280
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• 2023

PURPOSE. This in vitro study aimed to compare the accuracy of the conventional facebow system and the newly developed POP (PNUD (Pusan National University Dental School) Occlusal Plane) bow system for occlusal plane transfer in asymmetric ear position. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Two dentists participated in this study, one was categorized as Experimenter 1 and the other as Experimenter 2 based on their clinical experience with the facebow (1F, 2F) and POP bow (1P, 2P) systems. The vertical height difference between the two ears of the phantom model was set to 3 mm. Experimenter 1 and Experimenter 2 performed the facebow and POP bow systems on the phantom model 10 times each, and the transfer accuracy was analyzed. The accuracy was evaluated by measuring the angle between the reference virtual plane (RVP) of the phantom model and the experimental virtual plane (EVP) of the upper mounting plate through digital superimposition. All data were statistically analyzed using a paired t-test (P < .05). RESULTS. Regardless of clinical experience, the POP bow system (0.53° ± 0.30 (1P) and 0.19° ± 0.18 (2P) for Experimenter 1 and 2, respectively) was significantly more accurate than the facebow system (1.88° ± 0.50 (1F) and 1.34° ± 0.25 (2F), respectively) in the frontal view (P < .05). In the sagittal view, no significant differences were found between the POP bow system (0.92° ± 0.50 (1P) and 0.73° ± 0.42 (2P) for Experimenter 1 and 2, respectively) and the facebow system (0.82° ± 0.49 (1F) and 0.60° ± 0.39 (2F), respectively), regardless of clinical experience (P > .05). CONCLUSION. In cases of asymmetric ear position, the POP bow system may transfer occlusal plane information more accurately than the facebow system in the frontal view, regardless of clinical experience.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1998년도 하계종합학술대회논문집
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• pp.773-776
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• 1998

In this paper, we propose an efficient multi-view images coding algorithm which finds the optimal texture from the restricted number of multi-view images. The X-Y plane of the normalized object space is divided into triangular patches. The depth value of the node is determined by applying the block based disparity compensation method and then the texture of the each patch is extracted by applying the affine transformation patch is extracted by applying the affine transformation based disparity compensation method to the multi-view images. We restricted the number of images contributed to determining the texture comapred to traditional methods which use all the multi-view images in the texture extraction. Experimental results show that the SNR of images encoded by the proposed algorithm is better than that of imaes encoded by the traditional method by the amount about 0.2dB for the test sets of multi-view images called dragon, kid, city and santa. The recovered images from the encoded data by the proposed method show the better visual images than the recovered images from the encoded data by the traditional methods.