• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.362-366
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• 1996

This paper is generally divided in 2 parts. One is the study on vowels about korean singer's lyric song in view of Daniel Jones' Cardinal Vowel. The other is acoustic study on vowels in my singing about korean lyric song. Analysis data are KBS concert video tape and CSL's. NSP file on my singing and Informants are famous singers i.e. 3 sopranos, 1 mezzo, 2 tenors, 1baritone, and me. Analysis aim is to find out Korean 8 vowels([equation omitted]) quality in singing. The methods of descrition are used in closed vowels, half closed vowels, half open vowels, open vowels and rounded vowels, unroundes vowels and formants. The study of the former is while watching the monitor screen to stop the scene that is to be analysixed. The study of the latter is to analysis the spectrogram converted by CSL's. SP file. Analysis results are an follows: Visual and auditory korean vowels quality in singing have the 3 tendency. One is the tendency of more rounded than is usual Korean vowels. Another is the tendency of centralized to center point in Cardinal Vowel and the other is the tendency of diversity in vowel quality. Acoustic analysis is studied by means of 4 formants. Fl and F2 show similiar step in spoken. In Fl there is the same formant values. This seems to vocal organization be perceived the singign situation. The width of F3 is the widest of all, so F3 may be the characteristics in singing. In conclude, the characteristics of vowels in Korean lyric songs are seems to have the tendencies of rounding, centralizing to center point in Cardinal Vowel, diversity in vowel quality and, F3'widest width in compared with usual Korean vowels.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.47-64
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• 2011

The China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission(CIETAC) released online arbitration rules which apply the resolution of disputes over electronic commerce transactions, as well as other economic and trade disputes in which the parties agree to do. The evidence submitted by the parties may be electronic evidence created, sent, received or stored by electronic, optical or magnetic means. Electronic evidence with a reliable electronic signature shall carry the same effect and probative force as a document with a hand-written signature. Where a case is tried in a tribunal, the arbitration tribunal shall conduct an online trial hearing using internet video conference or other electronic or computer communication means. Unless the parties have another agreement, summary procedure shall apply to cases where the amount in dispute exceeds RMB 100,000 but no more than RMB 1 million, or where the amount in dispute exceeds RMB 1 million and a party submits a written application for summary procedure after obtaining the written consent of the other party. Unless the parties have agreed otherwise, fast-track procedure shall apply to cases where the amount in dispute does not exceed RMB 100,000 or where the amount in dispute exceeds RMB 100,000 and a party submits a written application for fast-track procedure after obtaining the written consent of the other party. Notable features of the Online Rules are as follows; first, there is not detailed consideration for online arbitration. Second, communications between the parties and the tribunal are allowed only through the Secretariat. Third, elaborate provisions regarding the electronic submission and transmission of documents is provided for. Forth, various factors must be considered by the tribunal in deciding the evidence's reliability. Fifth, reasonable endeavours is levied on CIETAC to keep data communications secure and encrypted. Sixth, the tribunal has the right to investigate and collect relevant evidence. And finally different procedures are provided for in consideration of the various types of E-commerce.

• Journal of Information Technology and Architecture
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.273-281
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• 2013

Smart work can classify three types. First, mobile office equipped with a portable computer and connect to the company servers and Intranet via mobile phones. Second, home working using video conference system. Third, smart work center. Smart work has enabled us to work efficiently, to work anytime and to work anywhere, beyond conventional office working. This paper presents development processes of a smart work for After Service Business, especially, for the elevator industry. we called implemented mobile office system "A/S work". A/S work using mobile devices has some advantages as compared with previous system. 1) Before/After photo management function 2) Assessment process of customer satisfaction 3) The work history management app. 4) The inquiry and confirmation function to current status of all workers 5) The group SMS function sending selected workers. 'M' elevator company has used A/S work as efficient smart work system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.512-515
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• 2003

MPEG-4 has mediocrity Standing encoding personality to process multimedia data including audio and video etc in the Internet and computer. It can use extensively without being limited to one territory of communication, computer, broadcasting, Mobile etc. Like this, according as digital contents do fetters to MPEG-4 is circulated, copyright problem was risen. So, people had a lot of interests to protect and manage copyright. Hereupon, MPEG of the ISO/IEC established IPMP(Intellectual Property Management and Protection) standard, and supplements and corrects continuously standard. Therefore, existing system does fetters to MPEG-4 need system that process IPMP information. Hereupon, in this paper, designed system module that is processed by IPMP extension standard that progress now, and embodied copyright protection and management system that user can insert and update IPMP information efficiently within whole or specification part of MPEG-4 digital contents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.837-840
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• 2003

Recently the multimedia streaming traffic such as digital audio and video in the Internet has increased tremendously. Unlike TCP, the UDP protocol, which has been used to transmit streaming traffic through the Internet, does not apply any congestion control mechanism to regulate the data flow through the shared network. If this trend is let go unchecked, these traffic will effect the performance of TCP, which is used to transport data traffic, and may lead to congestion collapse of the Internet. To avoid any adverse effort on the current Internet functionality, A study on a new protocol of modification or addition of some functionality to existing transport protocol for transmitting streaming traffic in the Internet is needed. TCP-frienly congestion control mechanism is classified with window-based congestion control scheme and rate-based congestion control scheme. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for improving the transmitting rate on a hybrid TCP-friendly congestion control scheme combined with widow-based and rate-based congestion control for multimedia streaming in the internet.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.258-258
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• 2014

Spark discharge in water generates shockwaves which have been utilized to generate mechanical actuation for potential use in pumping application. Discharge pulses of several microseconds generate shockwaves and vapor bubbles which subsequently displace the water for a period of milliseconds. Through the use of a sealed discharge chamber and metal bellow spring, the fluid motion can be used create an oscillating linear actuator. Continuous actuation of the bellow has been demonstrated through the use of high frequency spark discharge. Discharge in water forms a region of high electric field around the electrode tip which leads to the creation of a thermal plasma channel. This process produces fast thermal expansion, vapor and bubble generation, and a subsequent shockwave in the water which creates physical displacement of the water [1]. Previous work was been conducted to utilize the shockwave effect of spark discharge in water for the inactivation of bacteria, removal of mineral fouling, and the formation of sheet metal [2-4]. Pulses ranging from 25 to 40 kV and 600 to 900 A are generated inside of the chamber and the bellow motion is captured using a slow motion video camera. The maximum displacements measured are from 0.7 to 1.2 mm and show that there is a correlation between discharge energy input to the water and the displacement that is generated. Subsequent oscillations of the bellow are created by the spring force of the bellow and vapor in the chamber. Using microsecond shutter speed ICCD imaging, the development of the discharge bubble and spark can be observed and measured.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.170-171
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• 2013

In aspect of HCI(Human Computer Interaction) gameplay is the procedure to solve the problem that gamers encounter in order to generate or discover a new rule to achieve gamers' goal. The goal of this research is to investigate the structure and understand the gameplay in aspect of affordance from ecological psychology rather than the traditional problem solving theory. This research selects 'World of Warcraft' as MMORPG(Massively Multiplayer Online Role Playing Game). Five expert gamers participated in this experiment. We record all gameplay using audio and video device. We conducted protocol analysis as qualitative method based on the verbal report and action protocol during game playing. As result, gameplay based on affordance includes selection and relation. We found that subjects selected one thing at once with attention. Moreover, we found that there were two behaviors : exploratory action and performatory action. We believe that learning, utilization, and transformation for affordance appear. The result of this research imply to suggest design guideline for game design methodology when designers develop game.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.975-977
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• 2013

Arduino is for design based on open source prototyping platform, artist, designer, hobby activists, etc, i has been designed for all those who are interested in the environment construct. Arduino adventage you can easily create applications hardware, without deep knowledge about the hardware. Configuration of arduino using AVR microcontroller ATmage 168, software to action arduino using arduino program, MATLAB, Processing. Arduino is open source base, you can hardware production directly and using shield additionally, the arduino can be combined. Processing iis open source. You can 2D, 3D, PDF output, using P3D and OpenGL graphics. Also you can check by running a stand-alone application. Through a combination of Arduino, library support, such as sound, video, and computer vision can be expanded, this program is the Android phone and iPhone programming. In this paper, sortware was used for Processing, hardware was used for arduino MegaADK board, After making easy 2axis game, using the software and hardware verification.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.867-869
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• 2012

FRUC(Frame Rate Up Conversion) is core techniques for higher quality terminals or low channel rate. For these applications, in this paper, we propose a block-based reliability evaluation method for FRUC techniques using bi-lateral symmetrical motion estimation. First, in order to measure the reliability, by introducing cost evaluation tools such as motion vector consistency as well as temporal matching and spatial matching characteristics and then by combining these tools, we propose an efficient method which arrange the blocks according to distortion size. Through several simulations, it is shown that the proposed method is very effective in finding the high distortion blocks. Furthermore, it is expected that the proposed method can be effectively utilized in FRUC techniques and Distributed Video Coding technologies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.127-130
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• 2007

Skin detection research is important role in the 3G of mobile phone for video telephony and security system by using face recognition. We propose skin detection algorithm as preprocessing to the face recognition, and use YCbCr color space. In existing skin detection algorithm using CbCr, skin colors that is brightened by camera flash or sunlight at outdoor in images doesn't acknowledged the skin region. In order to detect skin region accuracy into any circumstance, this paper proposes 3-channel skin detection algorithm.