• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.141-148
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• 2021

In some intersections or busy traffic roads, there are more pedestrians in a specific period of time, and there are many traffic accidents caused by road congestion. Especially at the intersection where there are schools nearby, it is particularly important to protect the traffic safety of students in busy hours. In the past, when designing traffic lights, the safety of pedestrians was seldom taken into account, and the identification of motor vehicles and traffic optimization were mostly studied. How to keep the road smooth as far as possible under the premise of ensuring the safety of pedestrians, especially students, will be the key research direction of this paper. This paper will focus on person, motorcycle, bicycle, car and bus recognition research. Through investigation and comparison, this paper proposes to use YOLO v4 network to identify the location and quantity of objects. YOLO v4 has the characteristics of strong ability of small target recognition, high precision and fast processing speed, and sets the data acquisition object to train and test the image set. Using the statistics of the accuracy rate, error rate and omission rate of the target in the video, the network trained in this paper can accurately and effectively identify persons, motorcycles, bicycles, cars and buses in the moving images.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.93-106
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• 2006

With the rapid growth of the wireless Internet communication, a new generation of mobile devices have made possible the broad distribution of mobile digital contents, such as image, music, video, games and applications over the wireless Internet. Mobile devices are rapidly becoming the major means to extend communication channels without copy Protection, usage rule controlling and authentication. As a result, mobile digital contents may be illegally altered, copied and distributed among unauthorized mobile devices. In this paper, we take a look at Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) DRM v2.0 in general, its purpose and function. The OMA is uniquely the focal point for development of an open standard for mobile DRM. Next we introduces features for an active content and illustrates the difference between an active content and an inactive content. Enabling fast rendering of an active content, we propose an OMA-based DRM framework. This framework include the following: 1) Extending DCF Header for supporting an selective encryption, 2) Content encryption key management, 3) Rendering API for an active content. Experimental results show that the proposed framework is able to render an active content fast enough to satisfy Quality of Experience. %is framework has been proposed for a mobile device environment, but it is also applicable to other devices, such as portable media players, set-top boxes, or personal computer.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.149-156
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• 2021

OTT service, which allows video content to be viewed as a streaming service on the Internet network, has recently attracted a lot of attention, and the number of users is also increasing rapidly. It would be a natural strategy for OTT companies to acquire more content to gain a competitive advantage in relations with traditional media companies and other OTT companies. However, there are research results to show that the investment in facilities by Internet service providers who must transport the increasing Internet traffic from OTT provider to end users should increase as the amount of Internet traffic originated by OTT services also increases. This study empirically analyzed how content investment by Netflix, a leading OTT company, affects its revenue growth and network investment by Internet service providers through a polynomial distributed lag model. And the analysis results show that Netflix's content investment contributes to the company's increase in revenue, and also has an effect on the increase in network investment by Internet service providers. This result confirms that OTT operators' content acquisition strategy is a valid management strategy, and empirically supports the study results that OTT operators need to share the cost of Internet network facility investment.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.29-35
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• 2022

This paper proposes a fuel cell education framework installed on a Metaverse environment, which is to reduce the burden of education costs and improve the effect of education or learning. This Meta-Fuel cell platform utilizes the Unity 3D Web and enables not only theoretical education but also hands-on training. The platform was designed and developed to accommodate a variety of unit education contents, such as ppt documents, videos, etc. The platform, therdore, integrates ppt and video demonstrations for theoretical education, as well as software content "STACK-Up" for hands-on training. Theoretical education section provides specialized liberal arts knowledge on hydrogen, including renewable energy, hydrogen economy, and fuel cells. The software "STACK-Up" provides a hands-on practice on assembling the stack parts. Stack is the very core component of fuel cells. The Meta-Fuelcell platform improves the limitations of face-to-face education. It provides educators with the opportunities of non-face-to-face education without restrictions such as educational place, time, and occupancy. On the other hand, learners can choose educational themes, order, etc. It provides educators and learners with interesting experiences to be active in the metaverse space. This platform is being applied experimentally to a education project which is to develop advanced manpower in the fuel cell industry. Its improvement is in progress.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.223-231
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• 2022

Covid-19, which has made a huge difference in our daily lives, has also brought major changes to our college education. As the class was changed from the traditional face-to-face class to a non face-to-face class, both teachers and students had difficulties in adapting, and problems such as the occurrence of academic achievement gaps due to non face-to-face classes were also raised. Therefore, this study aims to find out what attitudes students have toward non-face-to-face classes at universities caused by Covid-19. Accordingly, this study tried to identify the types of subjective perceptions college students have toward non-face-to-face classes by applying the Q methodology, and to suggest points for reference in the development and improvement of non-face-to-face classes in the future. Five types were found as a result of analysis using 30 P samples and 34 Q samples. First, learning efficiency-oriented type, second, class participation and communication-oriented type, third, non-face-to-face class active acceptance and utilization type, fourth, dissatisfaction type due to remote system and equipment operation errors, fifth, passive response type according to the situation to be. From the results of this study, it seems that it is necessary to develop an educational method for effective non-face-to-face class considering the characteristics of each type, and the merits of non-face-to-face classes, especially recorded lectures, in terms of learning efficiency, are evident. Therefore, even if face-to-face classes are conducted entirely at universities, it is believed that providing video-recorded lectures in class will be of great help to students' learning.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.153-161
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• 2022

The current National Curriculum clearly states that students should utilize digital information as a core competency. With ICT-based non-face-to-face learning has become commonplace, that ability has become as basic and essential as the competency to read and write in traditional education. Therefore, this work analyzed the characteristics of ICT utilization learning in the social studies curriculum of elementary school to cultivate basic abilities and skills for learners' future, and these discussed from the perspective of digital literacy. The results are as follows. First, the ICT utilization learning could be found in most units for the subject, but most of them were just the searching material and the watching video. Second, when approached from the perspective of digital literacy, the main activities were the 'access' in the lowest level. Third, the higher levels such as 'understand' and 'create' were few activities. This result gave the task of reflecting on the ICT education so far. Rather than just focusing on increasing the frequency of the ICT using, it is necessary to improve the quality of students' activities in ICT learning for progressing digital literacy. For the students' skills of utilizing digital information could be developed differently depending on the type of ICT learning activity.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.25-30
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• 2022

This study is a study on the filter bubble reinforcement phenomenon of SNS recommendation algorithm such as YouTube, which is a characteristic of the Russian-Ukraine war (2022), and the victory or defeat factors of the hybrid war. This war is identified as a hybrid war, and the use of New Media based on the SNS recommendation algorithm is emerging as a factor that determines the outcome of the war beyond political leverage. For this reason, the filter bubble phenomenon goes beyond the dictionary meaning of confirmation bias that limits information exposed to viewers. A YouTube video of Ukrainian President Zelensky encouraging protests in Kyiv garnered 7.02 million views, but Putin's speech only 800,000, which is a evidence that his speech was not exposed to the recommendation algorithm. The war of these SNS recommendation algorithms tends to develop into an algorithm war between the US (YouTube, Twitter, Facebook) and China (TikTok) big tech companies. Influenced by US companies, Ukraine is now able to receive international support, and in Russia, under the influence of Chinese companies, Putin's approval rating is over 80%, resulting in conflicting results. Since this algorithmic empowerment is based on the confirmation bias of public opinion by 'filter bubble', the justification that a new guideline setting for this distortion phenomenon should be presented shortly is drawing attention through this Russia-Ukraine war.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.519-525
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• 2023

The human brain constantly emits electrical impulses, which is called brain waves, and brain waves can be defined as the electrical activity of the brain generated by the flow of ions generated by the biochemical interaction of brain cells. There is a study that emotion is one of the factors that can cause stress. Brain waves are the most used in the study of emotions. This paper is a study on whether emotions affect stress, and showed two images of fear and joy to four experimenters and divided them into three stages before, during, and after watching. As a measurement tool, brain waves at the positions of Fp1 and Fp2 were measured using the NeuroBrain System, a system that can automate brain wave measurement, analysis, brain wave reinforcement, and suppression training with remote control. After obtaining the brain wave data for each emotion, the average value was calculated and the study was conducted. As for the frequency related to stress, the values of Alpha and SMR, Low Beta, and High Beta were analyzed. Brainwave analysis affects stress depending on the emotional state, and "fear" emotions cause anxiety by raising Beta levels, resulting in higher Mind Stress levels, while "joy" emotions lower Beta levels, resulting in a significant drop in Mind Stress.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.32
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• pp.209-245
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• 2006

This study examines primarily the effects of perceived risk and scarcity massage on consumers in CATV homeshopping. For consumers, the perceived risk is the cause of delaying purchase decision in CATV Homeshopping while scarcity message in the Ad facilitate purchasing intention in the CATV homeshopping. And another important characteristic of consumer which exerts impact on the response of consumer to the Ad and the product is the frequency of purchasing experience. Thus the purpose of this study is to test the effect of 3 factors on consumer's response to homeshopping Ad and product: one is perceived risk, another is scarcity message and the third is consumer's difference in purchasing. And these are defined as independent variables. The responses of the consumer, the dependent variables of this test are measured in three dimensions; 1) the purchasing intention of the product, 2) the attitude toward the Ad, and 3) the attitude toward product of the consumer. 110 housewives are sampled and assigned to 4 experimental groups. All the groups first watched a video-taped homeshopping Ad messages, and then filled up their responses on the administered questionnaire. The results of this study shows as follows: 1) Perceived risk has negative effect to consumer response. 2) Scarcity message has positive effect to consumers response. 3) But especially perceived risk has negative effect to high frequency purchasing experience group. 4) Scarcity message has also negative effect to high frequency purchasing experience group. 5) The interaction effect of perceived risk and scarcity message is most prominent to the consumers of high frequent purchasing experience.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 2014

In this study, ICT medical service provider's level of knowledge fire fighting safety and methods on coping with fires in the regions of Gwangju and Jeonam Province of Korea were investigated to determine the elements affecting such levels and provide basic information on the manuals for educating how to cope with the fire fighting safety in medical facilities. The data were analyzed using SPSS Win 14.0. The scores of level of knowledge fire fighting safety of ICT medical service provider's were 7.06(10 point scale), and the scores of level of recognizing how to cope with fire fighting safety were 6.61(11 point scale). level of recognizing how to cope with fire fighting safety were significantly different according to gender(t=4.12, p<.001), age(${\chi}^2$=17.24, p<.001), length of career(${\chi}^2$=22.76, p<.001), experience with fire fighting safety education(t=6.10, p<.001), level of subjective knowledge on fire fighting safety(${\chi}^2$=53.83, p<.001). In order to enhance the level of understanding of fire fighting safety and methods of coping by the ICT medical service providers it is found that: self-directed learning through avoiding the education just conveying knowledge by lecture tailored learning for individuals fire fighting education focused on experiencing actual work by developing various contents emphasizing cooperative learning deploying patients by classification systems using simulations and a study on the implementation of digital anti-fire monitoring system with multipoint communication protocol, a design and development of the smoke detection system using infra-red laser for fire detection in the wide space, video based fire detection algorithm using gaussian mixture mode developing an education manual for coping with fire fighting safety through multi learning approach at the medical facilities are required.