• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.185-199
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the dynamics of psychological and sexual violence in dating among high school students. Subjects consisted of 1,205 male and female adolescents from all parts of the country. 1,092 respondents were included in the final analysis(90.6%). For psychological violence, 13.3%(n=145) reported to have such experiences with a dating partner at least once or more. The most frequently used forms of violence were shouting, insulting language and behaviors, and blaming for a physical appearance. There were no sex differences in frequency of psychological violence between males and females, as an aggressor or a victim. Responses of victims were mostly negotiation and communication, and trying to forget it. For sexual violence, 27.8%(n=303) was found to have such experiences in a dating scence at least once or more. Hugging and kissing, close contact of parts of body, and gazing at parts of body were most frequently used forms. Responses of victims were pretending not to notice it and responding in the same way. There were significantly more male aggressors of sexual violence than females, but no sex difference in the number of victims. Those who reported to have experiences of violence were compared to the counterparts who had no experience in attitudes toward violence between dating partners and married couples, experiences of violence in childhood, school violence, and observations of violence between parents. Those with experience of dating violence reported to have significantly more experiences of violence in childhood and school, and parental violence. Based on the findings of this study, suggestion were made in regard to the need for development of dating violence prevention program for adolescents, and for welfare programs for adolescents in community.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.515-530
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• 2013

The results of investigations into marine incidents have become an important basis in determining not only possible causes, but also the extent of negligence between the perpetrator and victim. However, marine incidents occur under special circumstances i.e. the marine environment, and this leads to difficulties in identifying causes due to problems in scene preservation, reenactment and acquisition of witnesses. Given the aforementioned characteristic of marine incidents, the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) has adopted mandatory regulations on the carriage of Voyage Data Recorders (VDRs) and Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) for ships of a certain gross tonnage and upwards, so as to reflect recent developments in radio communication and marine technology. Adopted to provide an international standard for investigations and to promote cooperation, the Code of the International Standards and Recommended Practices for a Safety Investigation into a Marine Casualty or Marine Incident (Casualty Investigation Code) recommends member states to build capacity for analysis of VDR data. Against this backdrop, this paper presents methods for efficient investigations into the causes behind marine incidents based on data analysis of VDR, which serves as the black box of ships, as well as digital forensic techniques.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.294-303
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• 2010

Unexpected results caused by medical service are defined as malpractice, and the doctor must bear the responsibilities following the medical treatment. Malpractice disputes are disputes between patients, who are seen as the only victim in this way, and medical personnel who do not admit to the charges. Unfortunately, in reality, an official approach to mutual understanding and communication in the instance of such disputes does not exit. Based on this background, this study was attempted to prevent similar forms of medical disputes from occurrence and provide fundamental data to prepare by analyzing the medical disputes precedent. Results of the study are as follows: First, For type of medical institution, hospitals accounted for the most part as 62.9%. Second, Among total medical disputes, the cases surgery accounted for 27.8%, violation of duty care accounted for 20.6% and that of medical treatments 11.3%. Third, For a mean agreed amount by medical department, it was the highest in obstetrics & gynecology as 38,384,000 won. In conclusion, the most desirable method of dispute resolution is to prevent a cause of dispute to the root.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1481-1488
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• 2018

As female gamers are rapidly increasing, the misogyny and the misandry in game playing situation are also increasing. Recent #Gamergate and GodGunbae incident exhibit that such discriminative/hate behaviour in game playing can be developed into real physical threat or crime. In this paper, we investigate and analyze young Korean game players on how the attackers group, victims group, and gender-issue-indifferent group behave differently in game playing through survey. We found that male gamers had high hostile sexism against female gamers especially on females' game attitude and streotyped hatred with respect to the gender ${\times}$ group interaction. In big-5 personality test, however, it is not clear if attackers and victims had a noticeable different personality patterns. In result, we verify that there exist gender stereotype and high hostile sexism among young Korean gamers. Active gender-equality education on their adolescent period is necessary to avoid such destructive hatred in game playing.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.1018-1023
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• 2019

Since 2010, vehicle black boxes have become popular with many people, if there is no record of the vehicle accident scene, or if the offender deliberately deletes the image data, the victim succeeds. The biggest advantage of blockchain is that it is impossible to modify and delete data by data distribution storage. The biggest disadvantage is that sensitive data is also distributed. In this paper, we propose a blockchain method for the black box by using the advantage of shared block data and we intend to solve the problem of personal information leakage which is a disadvantage of blockchain by storing sensitive information stored in a blockchain in a private server by LINK blockchain with a private server. We also attached code(Github) and demonstration video(Youtube) linking LINK blockchain with the private server in this paper.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.34
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• pp.161-195
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• 2006

Standing to sue has become one of the most important and controversial issues in suits between the press and the victims injured by the press reports. Even thought Korean law was patterned after the European legal system, there is no denying that the Korean Constitution was influenced by that of the United States. The judicial system was also influenced by its counterpart in the United States. The doctrine of standing to sue has plagued the U.S. Supreme Court for several decades. The traditional test of standing in the federal courts was, at the beginning of the century, whether the interest asserted by the plaintiff amounted to a 'legal right', entitled to the protection of the common law. In recent years, the Supreme Court seems to have settled on a two-tiered method for determining whether a plaintiff has standing to sue in federal court. The first level of inquiry is the constitutional core, and the second is the judicially imposed prudential limitations. The purpose of this study is to find out the doctrine of standing in the legal proceedings caused by the press reports. The press needs to internally transform as well to prevent legal dispute, enforcing confirmation when collecting news materials and building up the device for pre-examining the news. The press is also requested to help sincerely the victim recover, realizing that they waste their reputation and credit not to mention a lot of time and monet during the legal dispute.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.17 no.3 s.106
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• pp.307-316
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• 2006

In this paper the analytical method, namely advanced minimum coupling loss(A-MCL), was proposed in order to analyze the coexistence of OFDM-based systems beyond 3G(B3G) with point-to point(PP) fixed service(FS) microwave systems. Our proposed method is based on a power spectral density(PSD) analysis. So it can be easily applicable to analyze the coexistence of OFDM-based systems B3G using flexible spectrum usage(FSU) with other systems, where the conventional MCL method cannot allocate transmit power partially to some subcarriers which overlap the band of a victim system. By applying the conventional MCL method and the A-MCL method, interfering power levels at the receiver of a interfered system are respectively calculated. A-MCL can calculate interference power more accurately than MCL by the maximum value of 4.5 dB. Therefore it can be concluded that our prosed method, namely A-MCL, is applicable to a sharing analysis of OFDM-based systems B3G.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.197-207
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• 2022

Given the prevalence of violence in Ukrainian families, measures to prevent parental abusive treatment against children are urgent. It is important to study today's youth awareness about violence within families in order to enhance a culture of engagement with spouses and children in future. The aim of the study is to examine students' reflective experiences and their attitudes towards forms, frequency, causes and effects of parental abusive treatment. During the research the following methods were used step-by-step: theoretical analyses of scientific resources, anonymous questionnaire, quantitative and correlation analyses. According to result of survey 98 students who were interviewed, none of them fell victim of sexual abuse in their families. However, more than a half (51%) of the students surveyed experienced some forms of parental physical punishment. All the interviewed students encountered psychological cases of parental violence. The mostprevalent forms of parental abuse among the interviewees are criticism, negative comparison, emotional detachment, arrogance, intimidation, blackmail and humiliation. The most prevalent consequences of parental abuse among students are anxiety, low self-esteem, insecurity, impatience, suspiciousness, constraint in communication. Students agree that budget limitations, forced labor, criticism, spanking, emotional detachment, ignoring type of communication, reproach, blackmail are acceptable methods of punishment to use when raising their own children. These results clearly demonstrate the problem of the impact of parental abuse on children and its consequences in the future. A virtual dimension of the actualized problem is considered, namely: - virtualization of aggression and cruelty in the postmodern world. - the level of determining the factor of cruelty from the space of virtual culture. - the mirror image of everyday cruelty in the virtual environment; - the phenomenon of video games as a source and context of representation of the factor of cruelty in behavioral realities; - cybercrime as a virtualized result of cruelty in family and everyday realities. - futurological perspectives of virtualization of cruelty in communicative culture in general and in family relations in particular. The postmodern world is fundamentally different from the traditions and culture of the past, primarily due to the development of computer technologies and the virtualization of life in general. So, for example, virtual communities have become, in a certain way, another world, a second reality of life in general. And certain behavioral factors, in particular cruelty in the private environment, became a projection of such a phenomenon as cybercrime. Video games are a unique modern phenomenon, which multipolarly absorb all facets of human potential, communicative tendencies, behavioral and characterological factors, from the warmth of interpersonal relationships to the extreme degree of cruelty.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.58
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• pp.67-96
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to examine psychological difficulties that elderly women experience in each divorce decision making stage and they are shown by counselling cases made with elderly women who got divorced in their early stage of elderly life. For this purpose, total 18 counseling cases were collected from November 2012 to March 2013 and a qualitative analysis was made accordingly. The result of this study was made by analyzing meaningful subjects emerged in individual testimonies during a counseling process and it shows that the decision to divorce goes through stages such as , , , , , and . In addition, psychological difficulties experienced in a divorce decision process appear to be, , , , , , and . It is meaningful that this study provides counseling strategies for psychosocial support of the elderly women who go through difficulties in their divorce decision making process.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.14
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• pp.53-83
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• 2012

This thesis is a study of artistic measures and climate refugees, based on Hack's World Climate Refugee Camp project. According to Hack, climate refugees appeared with the process of globalization. Hack claimed that the people who put climate refugees in danger are the industrialized nations, and therefore, their rejection of refugees is nonsense. He also stated that the fundamental solution would be the active participation of such nations. Thus, he travels around the world, encouraging participants and globalizing his project. Interestingly, the practical participation method of his climate calamity project is divided into four methods, which are all related to realizing the danger and presenting various solutions. First, the aesthetic of survival: the reason Hack focused on the warming trend and claimed that we have to accept the climate refugees as refugees comes from the thought that we are all potential refugees, and the anxiety that climate refugees may cause war in the end. The solution Hack found for surviving in such a world is to create "refugee camps" to notify people about the seriousness of climate change, and to put the "aesthetic for survival" in action. Second, a relation-oriented relationship: communication between Hack and the participants was done in various ways. They are experiencing a bond and emotions of an interrelationship through their actions in the experimental field, experiencing a new form of art, which they were not able to experience in a museum. Third, a utopian measure: Hack's utopian measure started from the fear of dystopia but Hack still believes that it is not only a dream, but that it can be realized. He claims that even though the start may be feeble, it is possible to rescue children from starvation and to treat climate refugees as proper human in the end, when communication and cooperation is done the right way and properly. Fourth, the aesthetic of global relation, the internet: the new solution Hack is trying on the internet is to make more people participate in his project. It is fate that "human are the wrongdoer and the victim at the same time", but according to Hack's opinion, social disaster can be avoided through effort and it is optimistic that we can give form to the culture revolution we are experiencing now. Hack's project illustrated the importance of daily life, compared to art inside a museum, through active participation of the people and opened up a new method of art through realistic responses to disasters. This is distinctive from the past exhibitions, where artists gave shape and form to ideals and an imaginary world, in that it shows that the artist and audience aim for creating a community-like structure, just like Bourriaud's art method. Hack's project of climate calamity illustrates that installation and action art is not only an art genre which shows installation and activities, but that it can include social and political issues and that it can be completed with the help of participants, consequently becoming a genre of modern art. Hack raises a question about art's identity through various descriptions. Artists as planners, who base their artworks on their subjectivity or the characteristics of a specific period, the people as participants, the duet of art work and play, human and human, and further, human and nature. The practical participation method, as a measure for "disaster", reveals the new art of the 21st century within Hack's artworks. Even though there are several problems with Hack's usage of art as a measure for disaster, it will actively open up a new page for the 21st century's art with the theme of disaster.