• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.112-116
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• 2005

저자들은 PWS로 확진된 영아에서 양측성의 심한 Hutch 방광게실과 방광요관 역류가 동반됨을 처음으로 발견하였다. PWS의 근긴장도 저하와 Hutch 게실의 관련성을 생각할 수 있으며 향후 보다 많은 증례 연구를 통해 선천성 방광 게실과 관련한 증후군에 PWS를 포함시킬 것을 고려 해 야 하겠다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.145-150
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• 2013

Endoscopic treatment is a minimally invasive treatment for managing patients with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Although several bulking agents have been used for endoscopic treatment, dextranomer/hyaluronic acid is the only bulking agent currently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for treating VUR. Endoscopic treatment of VUR has gained great popularity owing to several obvious benefits, including short operative time, short hospital stay, minimal invasiveness, high efficacy, low complication rate, and reduced cost. Initially, the success rates of endoscopic treatment have been lower than that of open antireflux surgery. However, because injection techniques have been developed, a recent study showed higher success rates of endoscopic treatment than open surgery in the treatment of patients with intermediate- and high-grade VUR. Despite the controversy surrounding its effectiveness, endoscopic treatment is considered a valuable treatment option and viable alternative to long-term antibiotic prophylaxis.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.86-89
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• 1998

A bladder diverticulum occurs when the bladder mucosa herniates or protrudes through the muscular wall of the baldder. The majority of congenital bladder diverticula occurs in males. They are the most common in the region of the bladder base, most frequently in the region of the ureteral hiatus, in which case they are known as Hutch's diverticula. They can give rise to obstruction or reflux. We had experienced a case of bilateral Hutch's diverticulum associated with vesicoureterai reflux in a 23 month old male. Chief complaints were urinary frequency and dysuria. Voiding cystourogram and CT scan revealed large bilateral Hutch's diverticulum with bilateral vesiciureteral reflux grade VI. There was evidence of urinary infection. This patient was successfully treated by ureteroneocystostomy. We report this case with a brief review of related literatures.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.53-59
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• 1997

목적 : 한쪽 신장이 완전히 기능이 없는 무형성신이나 거의 기능이 없는 다낭성이형성신 환아에서 하나 남은 신장마저 방광요관역류가 동반되어 손상되는 사례가 최근 많이 보고되고 있어 일측성 무형성신, 저형성신, 다낭성이형성신을 일측성 신발생 이상이라는 하나의 군으로 묶어 일측성 신발생 이상 반대측으로 방광요관역류가 잘 동반되는지를 조사하고자 하였다. 방법 : 1987년 1월 1일부터 1996년 12월 31일까지 세브란스 병원, 영동 세브란스 병원에서, 또 1994년 1월1일부터 1996년 12월 31일까지 아주대학 병원에서 일측성 무형성신, 저형성신, 다낭성이형성신으로 진단받은 96명의 소아를 대상으로 후향적 연구를 시행하였다. 진단은 방사선 소견에 근거하였으며, 96명의 대상 환아 중 48명의 환아가 배뇨성 방광요도조영술을 시행하였다. 결과 : 1. 일측성 신발생 이상을 가진 96명 환아군의 성별 분포는 남아가 58명으로 60%였고, 여아가 38명으로 40%였다. 2. 일측성 신발생 이상의 분포는 좌측이 45례로 47%였고, 우측이 51례로 53%였다. 3. 일측성 신발생 이상을 진단받게 된 동기를 보면 총 96례 중 산전 진단에 의한 경우가 41례로 가장 많았으며, 요로 감염의 검사 도중이나 다른 동반 기형의 평가 도중 발견된 경우가 각각 18례, 16례로 많았다. 질환별로 볼 때 일측성 무형성신이나 저형성신은 요로 감염의 검사 도중이나 다른 동반 기형의 평가 도중 발견된 경우가 많았으나 다낭성이형성신은 산전 진단으로 발견된 경우가 대부분이었다. 4. 배뇨성 방광요도조영술을 시행한 환아들의 경우 일측성 신발생 이상의 진단 연령은 $1.8{\pm}3.3$세였고, 배뇨성방광요도 조영술의 시행 연령은 $2.5{\pm}3.8$세로 통계적으로 유의한 격차가 있었다(P<0.01). 5. 일측성 무형성신으로 진단받은 18명의 환아 중 9명, 일측성 저형성신으로 진단받은 11명의 환아 중 5명, 일측성 다낭성이형성신으로 진단받은 19명의 환아 중 3명에서 반대측 방광요관역류가 있었다. 6. 방광요관역류가 있었던 환아들은 역류의 정도가 평균 3등급 이상으로 중등도 이상이었다. 반대측 방광요관역류가 있었던 17명의 환아 중 3명은 만성 신부전 상태에 있었고, 6명은 방광요관문합술을 시행받았다. 결론 :한쪽 신장의 기능이 없거나 거의 없다고 여겨지는 일측성 신발생 이상 환아에서 반대측 방광요관역류를 조기에 발견하기위해 선별적 검사로 배뇨성 방광요도조영술을 반드시 시행해야 한다고 결론지을 수 있었다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2015

Purpose: We evaluated the long-term results of endoscopic Deflux$^{(R)}$ injection for treating vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children. Methods: Between September 2004 and September 2014, 243 children (137 boys and 106 girls) with a mean age of 53 months underwent Deflux$^{(R)}$ injection. Our clinical protocol included radionuclide voiding cystography (RNC) at postoperative 3 months, 1 year and 3 years to assess the VUR resolution. Results: The cure rates at 3 months, 1 year, and 3 years by patients were 70.8%, 64.3%, and 65.6% for the total patients and 79.2%, 75.2%, and 76.4%, for the ureters, respectively. The recurrence rate of postoperative febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) was 20% in patients without VUR at postoperative 1 year. Twenty patients undergoing ureteroneocystostomy (UNC) significantly had younger age (P=0.003), higher VUR grade (P<0.001), and lower success rates of Deflux$^{(R)}$ injection (P<0.05). On univariate analysis, older age (P=0.014) and lower grade of VUR (P=0.031) were the significant predictors of a successful outcome. But there was none on multivariate analysis. Younger age, especially age of 0-12 month-old, was the only significant predictor of postoperative febrile UTI recurrence on both univariate and multivariate analysis. Conclusion: Deflux$^{(R)}$ injection is efficacious with a low complication rate for the anti-reflux procedure in children. There is low recurrence rate of UTI though VUR persists, and high probability of no VUR at 3 years if no VUR at 1 year. It is recommendable not to perform follow-up RNC at 3 years routinely if no VUR at 1 year.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2024

Antenatally diagnosed urinary tract dilatation (UTD), previously referred to as antenatal hydronephrosis, is the most commonly detected abnormality by prenatal ultrasonography. Several grading systems have been developed for the classification of antenatal UTD using prenatal and postnatal ultrasonography. UTD comprises a wide variety of congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract ranging from transient UTD to more significant abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux, ureteropelvic junction obstruction, ureterocele, ureterovesical junction obstruction, posterior urethral valves, and non-refluxing megaureter. Optimizing the evaluation of antenatally detected UTD is essential to recognize children with important disorders while avoiding excessive investigations. Conservative approach with close follow-up is increasingly accepted as an appropriate treatment option for patients with asymptomatic vesicoureteral reflux and ureteropelvic junction obstruction in recent years. However, predicting permanent kidney damage in an unselected group of children with antenatal UTD is still challenging. The management and follow-up of children with UTD should be individualized based on recommendations from a pediatric nephrologist, a pediatric urologist, or both. Future research directed at predicting long-term outcomes of children diagnosed with UTD from mild findings to severe disease is needed to refine management for those at higher risk of kidney disease progression.

• 대한자기공명의과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한자기공명의과학회 1999년도 제4차 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.111-111
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• 1999

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제64권6호
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• pp.284-285
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• 2021

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2015

Introduction: This study investigated whether renal and bladder ultrasonography (RBUS) findings performed in children with the first incidence of febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) can predict UTI recurrence, high-grade vesicoureteral reflux (high-grade VUR), or acquired renal scarring (aRS). Methods: In all, 917 children who were admitted to our hospital from January 2001 to October 2010, owing to the first incidence of febrile UTI were enrolled in this study. All children underwent RBUS during admission. The mean follow-up was 7.9 months (standard deviation $[SD]{\pm}13.3$). UTI recurrence rates were calculated according to various clinical parameters. By using bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses, we determined whether age, sex, abnormal RBUS findings, abnormal dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scan findings, or RBUS findings parameters were predictive of UTI recurrence, high-grade VUR, or aRS. Results: On RBUS, hydronephrosis and congenital anomaly of the kidney and urinary tract significantly predicted UTI recurrence. A small kidney, hydroureter, hydronephrosis, cortical thinning, and increased parenchymal echogenicity significantly predicted high-grade VUR. However, their odds ratios (OR) are low compared to normal RBUS findings (recurrent UTI: OR 0.432 and 0.354 vs. 0.934, respectively, high-grade VUR: .019, 0.329, 0.126, 0.058, and 0.188 vs. 2.082, respectively). No RBUS findings significantly predicted aRS. Recurrent UTI, high-grade VUR, and abnormal RBUS findings significantly predicted aRS (OR of 4.80, 4.61, and 2.58, respectively). Conclusion: RBUS is necessary to exclude severe congenital renal scarring, obstructive uropathy, and renal abscess at the first incidence of febrile UTI and is helpful in determining the need for subsequent clinical imaging.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.136-141
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate clinical and radiological factors that may predict high-grade vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in patients with febrile urinary tract infection (UTI). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed medical records of 446 patients diagnosed with febrile UTI from March 2008 to February 2017. All patients underwent renal-bladder ultrasonography (RBUS), 99mTc dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) renal scan, and voiding cystourethrography (VCUG), and were divided in to 3 groups: a high-grade VUR group (n=53), a low-grade VUR group (n=28), and a group without VUR (n=365). Results: The recurrence and non-Escherichia coli infection rates in febrile UTI were significantly higher in the high-grade VUR group than in the other two groups (P<0.05). RBUS showed that hydronephrosis and ureter dilatation were more frequent in the high-grade VUR group than in the other groups (P<0.05). In the high-grade VUR group, a renal cortical defect was more likely to appear as multiple defects, and the difference in bilateral renal scan uptake between both kidneys was larger than in the other two groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: Recurrent UTI, non-E. coli UTI, abnormal findings on RBUS such as hydronephrosis and ureter dilatation, and abnormal findings in the DMSA renal scan such as multiple renal cortical defects and greater uptake difference were associated with high-grade VUR. VCUG should be selectively performed when RBUS and/or DMSA renal scan reveal significant abnormalities.