• Clinical Pain
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.49-52
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• 2021

Bertolotti's syndrome (BS) refers to chronic low back pain (LBP) associated with lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV). Many studies suggest that the anomalous articulation alters biomechanics, resulting in discomfort on the ipsilateral side. Herein, we present an unusual case of BS presenting pain on the non-articulated side. A 46-year-old man visited our clinic with history of chronic LBP, refractory to treatment of analgesics, modalities and manual therapies. Electrodiagnostic studies showed no evidence of lumbosacral radiculopathy. Radiographies noted unilateral pseudoarticulation of L5~S1 vertebrae, on the contralateral side of his pain. The pain improved dramatically after sacroiliac joint block and facet joint block with iliolumbar ligament infiltration on the non-articulated side. Clinicians should be cautious that the unaffected joint in BS may serve an important role in altered lumbopelvic biomechanism, since it might eventually lead to intractable chronic LBP when overlooked.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.478-483
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• 2022

A single specimen (522.0 mm in total length) of the family Muraenidae, collected from the waters off south-western Jeju-do Island in November 2021, was identified as Echidna nebulosa on the basis of morphological and molecular methods (DNA barcoding). This species is characterized by several morphological traits as follows: 10 rounded molar, median intermaxillary, and vomerine teeth; 4 predorsal vertebrae, 50 preanal vertebrae and 123 total vertebrae; and a pale background color with two rows of 17-20 blackish brown starry blotches along the head and body. As this is the first record of E. nebulosa in Korea, we propose the new Korean names, "Dung-Geun-Ni-Gom-Chi-Sog" for the genus Echidna, and "Beol-Kkok-Gom-Chi" for E. nebulosa.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2009

청소년 환자에서 수직적, 수평적 골격형태에 따른 경추골 성숙도를 비교하기 위하여 10세 환자 198명, 12세 환자 216명, 14세 환자 138명의 측모두부방사선사진을 평가하여, 수직적 골격형태에 따라 분류하였다. 각 연령별로 4개의 표준화된 계측치를 합하여 그 합이 극단적인 수직 성장을 보이는 30명과 극단적인 수평 성장을 보이는 30명을 선택하였고, 이들을 수직적인 군과 수평적인 군으로 각각 나누었다. 골성숙의 평가를 위해, 경추 하연의 만곡도와 경추의 수직-수평 비를 관찰하여 연령에 따라 측정하였다. 측정치를 SPSS 통계프로그램을 이용하여 통계 분석하였다. 전체적으로 10세, 12세, 14세 모두에서 경추 하연의 만곡도는 골격 형태가 수직적인 군에 비해 수평적인 군이 더 컸으나통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 12세의 수평적인 군은 수직적인 군보다 제 3경추와 제 4경추의 수직-수평 비가 유의하게 더 컸으나, 10세와 14세에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 12세에서 각 군의 SUM, FMA, 수직-수평비 사이에는 약한 음의 상관관계가 있었다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.131-136
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• 2002

The vertebrae of female African elephant (Loxodonta africana) of twenty-eight years old were observed macroscopically. The result was summarized as follows; the vertebral formula of African elephant was $C_7$ $T_{21}$ $L_3$ $S_4$ $Cd_{21}$. The total length of the vertebral column removed intervertebreal disks was 353 cm. The length of each segment of vertebral column was 44 cm in cervical, 142 cm in thoracic, 21 cm in lumbar, 27 cm in sacral and 119 cm in caudal vertebrae. The 17th and 18th thoracic vertebrae (T) were partially fused each other in four parts: the transverse processes of 17th and 18th T, caudal articular process of 17th T and cranial articular process of 18th T, left mammilary process of 18th T and left transverse process of 17th T, and vertebral arch of 17th and 18th T, respectively. Others partial fusions also observed among the third luwbar, sacrum and ilium. These were in between transverse process of third lumbar vertebra and cranial parts of wing of sacrum, lateral part of sacrum and tuber sacrale, respectively. The sternum was consisted of three pieces; one is a part of anterior prestemum, two is the part from caudal demifacet at second facet to cranial demifacet at third facet in middle mesosternum, which is divided vertically into an half at second and third facets, respectively, and the last is the part between caudal demifacet of third facet in middle mesosternum and the posterior xiphisternum. There are 21 pairs of ribs, six sternal, ten asternal ribs and the last five being floating ribs.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.146-149
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• 2002

It is reported that the mechanical properties of vertebral trabecular bone depend on the density and the mass of bones. Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease caused by low bone mass and microstructure deterioration of trabecular bone. Silva and Gibson (1997) studied the treatment of age-related bone loss using drug therapy. Vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of osteoporosis vertebrae. This procedure includes puncturing vertebrae and filling with Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). However, the relative effect of drug therapy and bone cement for osteoporosis treatment is not reported yet. In this study, several 2D models of human vertebral trabecular bone are analyzed by finite element method. The mechanical behaviors of the vertebral trabecular bone treated by the drug therapy and the bone cement are compared. This study shows that bone cement treatment is more effective strategy than drug therapy to prevent the degradation of bone strength.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2018

This study is to observe the developmental process of the larval skeleton according to the growth of the trident goby, Tridentiger obscurus belonging to the larvae and juveniles and use it as the basic data of the taxonomic study. 8 days after hatching, the parasphenoid was ossified with an average total length of 3.62 mm, and basioccipital began to ossify. Caudal vertebrae and neural spine ossified in vertebra. 17 days after hatching, the average total length of the long hairs was 4.32 mm, pterotic and epiotic were ossified, and interhyal and subopercle were ossified. 52 days after hatching, the average total length of the juvenile was 18.2 mm, and lateral ethmoid, hypohyal ossified, vertebrae were parapophysis, and epural bone was osseous to the bone.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.47-50
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• 2006

This 51-year-old man suffered from paraparesis of 1-week history. On preoperative images, spinal cord compression by infiltrative vertebral mass was shown at T3 and T4 level. Several months earlier, he underwent surgical resection of left 2nd to 4th ribs, due to painful growing chest wall mass, which was proved to be hepatocellular carcinoma. All available diagnostic procedure failed to uncover origin of malignancy. Operation was followed by adjuvant irradiation and chemotherapy to the vertebral mass, however he only to die in 3 months after operation. This is an extremely rare case of ectopic hepatocellular carcinoma at thoracic vertebrae which showed very aggressive clinical course. Possible pathogenic process is presented and discussed.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.22-25
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• 2014

Two species of small gobiid fishes genus Luciogobius, i.e., L. elongatus, L. platycephalus were described as the first records from Korea based on specimens collected from gravel beaches of Gijang-gun, Busan-si, Korea. Luciogobius elongatus is distinguished from congeners by very elongated and naked body, 42-44 vertebrae, 6-7 dorsal soft rays, and no free rays on pectoral fin, and L. platycephalus is characterized by having very depressed head, naked body, 40-41 vertebrae, 10-11 dorsal soft rays, and pectoral fin with only upper 2-4 free rays. We propose the new Korean name "Ga-neun-mi-kkeun-mang-dug", "Nab-jak-mi-kkeun-mang-dug" for L. elongatus and L. platycephalus, respectively.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.32-39
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• 2003

In this study we examined connections between vertebral motion and patterns of muscle activation during voluntary head tracking movements. A Rhesus (Maraca mulatta) monkey was trained to produce sinusoidal tracking movements of the head in the sagittal plane while seated. Radio-opaque markers were placed in the cervical vertebrae, and intramuscular patch electrodes were implanted to record from eight neck muscles. Videofluoroscopic images of cervical vertebral motion, and EMG (electromyographic) responses were simultaneously re-corded. Experimental results demonstrated that head and vertebrae moved synchronously and that motion occurred primarily at skull-C$_1$, C$\_$6/-C$\_$7/ and Csub 7/-C$_1$. Our findings illustrate that although the biomechanical constraints of each species may limit the number of solutions available, it is the task requirements that appear to govern CNS (central nervous system) selection of movement behaviors.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.401-404
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• 2015

The Korean stichaeid fish "Min-be-do-ra-chi", reported previously as Zoarchias glaber, is reviewed taxonomically and described on the basis of a single specimen collected from Jeju Island, Korea. "Min-be-do-ra-chi" was identified as Z. major by the following morphological characteristics: U-shaped markings on the dorsal and anal fins, 31 dorsal fin spines, 78 dorsal fin soft rays, 87 anal fin soft rays, and 109 vertebrae. In contrast, Z. glaber has triangular markings on the dorsal and anal fins, 92-96 anal fin soft rays, and 112-122 vertebrae. Therefore, our results suggest that the scientific name of this species reported previously as Z. glaber should be changed to Z. major.