• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.347-358
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the association between oral health status and pulmonary ventilatory defects. Methods: The 6th (2013-2015) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data was used. The study subjects were those aged 40-79 who had pulmonary function examination. Complex samples general linear model analysis, Complex samples cross-tabulation analysis, and Complex samples logistic regression analysis were conducted. Results: In terms of restrictive ventilatory defects, the study subjects (8.3%) who recognized that their oral health status was bad outnumbered those who recognized that their oral health status was good (6.1%) (p<0.05). Many of the study subjects who experienced difficulty in biting, chewing and/or speech, and who had an unhealthy periodontal had restrictive ventilatory defects and obstructive ventilatory defects (p<0.05). The association between oral health status and pulmonary ventilatory defects was analyzed. The findings showed that those who had unhealthy periodontal had a 1.33 times higher probability of pulmonary ventilatory defects than those who had a healthy periodontal (p<0.05). After taking into account general characteristics (age, sex, incomes, education, and smoking) of the subjects, the association between oral health status and pulmonary ventilatory defects was analyzed. The result found that only in cases where one experienced dental caries was an association with pulmonary ventilatory defects found. In other words, those who had dental caries showed a 0.73 times higher probability of pulmonary ventilatory defects than those who had no dental caries (p<0.05). Conclusions: Based on the findings of this research, oral health status was found to be associated with pulmonary ventilatory defects. To improve oral health, it is necessary to provide life-cycle stages based oral health education. Therefore, it is required to develop an oral health education program and develop a national oral health policy.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.214-222
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a walking-support program on the pulmonary ventilatory functions of elderly people who had undergone upper-abdominal surgery. Method: The study was a quasi-experimental research design. There were 26 partcipants who were admitted for upper-abdominal surgery to P University Hospital in B city. Walking exercise education was provided individually to the experimental group the day before their operation and 20 minutes a day for five days after the surgery using the 'Walking Exercise Guide Document'. Pulmonary ventilatory function was with FVC (Forced Vital Capacity), PEF (Peak Expiratory Flow), FEVI (Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second), FER (Forced Expiratory Ratio), Oxygen Saturation, and VAS (Visual Analog Scale). Results: The objective indexes of pulmonary ventilatory function were not significantly different between the two groups, but the subjective index was significantly different. Conclusion: With the above results, the walking support program could be an effective nursing intervention for improving pulmonary ventilatory function of surgical patients.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to examine the effects of deep breathing exercises with Incentive Spirometer on the pulmonary ventilatory function of pnemothorax patients undergoing a thoracotomy. Mothod: This experiment used anonequivalent control group non-synchronized design which compared pre-experimental measures with post-experimental ones. The subjects of this study were 34 inpatients who were scheduled for a thoracotomy and classified into the experimental group (17 patients) or control group (17 patients) by using an Incentive Spirometer or not. The collected data was analyzed by a SPSS Win I PC (percentage, mean, standard deviation, chi-square test, t-test, repeated measured two-way ANOVA). Result: The Pulmonary Ventilatory Function of the experimental and control group were significantly increased on the first day, third day, and fifth day after the thoracotomy, but the group interaction period was not significant. Conclusion: This study showed that the deep breathing exercises with an Incentive Spirometer and deep breathing exercise without an Incentive Spirometer were both effective for recovering the pulmonary ventilatory function after a thoracotomy.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 1985

In order to study the effect of air pollution on the ventilatory function of lung, pulmonary function studies were carried out in middle school students (male) living isn Sasang industrial area more than 10 years, and were compared with those of control group. The following results were obtained; 1. Lung capacities were normal in observed & control group, and were not significantly different between two groups. 2. The respective parameters of ventilatory function test of observed group were smaller than that of control group, but FVC, $FEV_1$, $FEV_1/FVC$, FEF 25-75%, Vmax 50, MVV of two groups were normal. 3. PEFR, Vmax 25, Vmax 75 of observed group were significantly decreased, and there were statistically significant differences between two groups in FEF 25-75% (p < 0.01), Vmax 25 (p < 0.05), Vmax 50 (p < 0.01), Vmax 75 (p < 0.05), PEFR (p < 0.05) and MVV (p < 0.02).

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.7-15
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• 1975

The maximum breathing capacity (MBC) and the maximum mid-expiratory flow rate (MMF) are widely used in evaluation of the ventilatory function, among various parameters of pulmonary function. The MBC volume is the amount of gas which can be exchanged per unit time during maximal voluntary hyperventilation. Performance of this test, unlike that of single breath maneuvers, is affected by the integrity of the respiratory bellows as a whole including such factors are respiratory muscle blood supply, fatigue, and progressive trapping of air. Because of this, the MBC and its relation to ventilatory requirement correlates more closely with subjective dyspnea than does any other test. The MMF is the average flow rate during expiration of the middle 50% of the vital capacity. The MMF is a measurement of a fast vital capacity related to the time required for the maneuver and the MMF relates much better to other dynamic tests of ventilatory function and to dyspnea than total vital capacity, because the MMF reflects the effective volume, or gas per unit of time. Therefore, it is important to have a prediction formula with one can compute the normal value for the subject and the compare with the measured value. However, the formulas for prediction of both MBC and MMF of the Korean children and adolescents are not yet available in the present. Hence, present investigation was attempt to derive the formulas for prediction of both MBC and MMF of the Korean children and adolescents. MBC and MMF were measured in 1,037 healthy Korean children and adolescents (1,035 male and 1,002 female) whose ages ranged from 8 to 18 years. A spirometer (9L, Collins) was used for the measurement of MBC and MMF. Both MBC and MMF were measured 3times in a standing position and the highest values were used. For measurement, the $CO_2$ absorber and sadd valve were removed from the spirometer in order to reduce the resistance in the breathing circuit and the subject was asked to breathe as fast and deeply as possible for 12 seconds in MBC and to exhale completely as fast as possible after maximum inspiration for MMF. During the measurement, investigator stood by the subject to give a constant encouragement. All the measured values were subsequently converted to values at BTPS. The formulas for MBC and MMF were derived by a manner similar to those for Baldwin et al (1949) and Im (1965) as function of age and BSA or age and height. The prediction formulas for MBC (L/min, BTPS) and MMF (L/min, BTPS) of the Korean children and adolescents as derived in this investigation are as follows: For male, MBC=[41.70+{$2.69{\times}Age(years)$}]${\times}BSA$ $(m^{2})$ MBC=[0.083+{$0.045{\times}Age(years)$}]${\times}Ht$ (cm) For female, MBC=[45.53+{$1.55{\times}Age(years)$}]${\times}BSA$ $(m^2)$ MBC=[0.189+{$0.029{\times}Age(years)$}]${\times}Ht$ (cm) For male, MMF= [0.544+{$0.066{\times}Age(years)$}]${\times}Ht$ (cm) For female, MMF=[0.416+{$0.064{\times}Age(years)$}]${\times}Ht$ (cm)

• 수면정신생리
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2004

Sleep is associated with definite changes in respiratory function in normal human beings. During sleep, there is loss of voluntary control of breathing and a decrease in the usual ventilatory response to both low oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels. Especially, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is a distinct neurophysiological state associated with significant changes in breathing pattern and ventilatory control as compared with both wakefulness and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. REM sleep is characterized by erratic, shallow breathing with irregularities both in amplitude and frequency owing to marked reduction in intercostal and upper airway muscle activity. These blunted ventilatory responses during sleep are clinically important. They permit marked hypoxemia that occurs during REM sleep in patients with lung or chest wall disease. In addition, sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is more frequent and longer and hypoventilation is more pronounced during REM sleep. Although apneic episodes are most frequent and severe during REM sleep, most adults spend less than 20 to 25% of total sleep time in REM sleep. It is, therefore, possible for patients to have frequent apneas and hypopneas during REM sleep and still have a normal apnea-hypopnea index if the event-rich REM periods are diluted by event-poor periods of NREM sleep. In this review, we address respiratory physiology according to sleep stage, and the clinical implications of SDB and hypoventilation aggravated during REM sleep.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.746-753
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• 1998

연구배경: 폐암과 만성폐쇄성 폐질환은 모두 흡연과 밀접한 관계가 있다. 최근의 보고들에 의하면 흡연자들 가운데 폐쇄성 환기장애가 있는 경우 폐암의 발생율이 높을 뿐 아니라, 비흡연가에 있어서도 폐쇄성 환기장애가 있는 환기장애가 없는 경우에 비해 폐암의 상대적으로 높기 때문에 폐쇄성 환기장애가 폐암 발생의 독립된 위험인자로 간주되어야 한다고 한다. 방 법: 저자들은 폐기능에 영향이 적은 말초형 종괴 혹은 폐결절이 있었던 남자환자에서 악성으로 진단된 47예와 양성으로 진단된 26예의 폐기능 검사성적을 비교하여 폐암의 위험인자로서 폐쇄성환기장애의 역할을 조사하였다. 결 과: 나이는 폐암군과 양성군에서 각각 $61.6{\pm}9.40$세와 $52.5{\pm}9.602$세로 폐암군에서 유의하게 많았고(p<0.05). 흡연력은 폐암군에서 $32.0{\pm}19.21$, 양성군에서 $23.8{\pm}15.25$인년으로 폐암군에서 많은 경향이었으며 결절의 크기는 폐암군에서 $4.1{\pm}1.18cm$로 양성군의 $2.4{\pm}0.66cm$ 보다 유의하게 컸다(p<0.05). 노력성호기곡선에서 구한 지표들가운데 VC, FVC 및 $FEV_1$은 폐암군에서 유의한 차이는 없었다. $FEV_1/FVC%$는 폐암군에서 $65.9{\pm}14.02%$로 양성군의 $75.3{\pm}8.00%$ 보다 유의하게 낮았으며 (p<0.01), FEF 25-75%는 폐암 및 양성군에서 각각 $52.5{\pm}26.08%$, $74.3{\pm}28.83%$으로 폐암군에서 유의하게 갑소하였다(p<0.01). 폐암군에서 폐쇄성환기장애가 있는 경우가 23.4%으로 양성군의 3.8%에 비해 폐암군에서 폐쇄성환기 장애가 유의하게 많았다(p<0.05). 나이와 흡연력을 고려하지 않은 상태에서 폐암에 대한 폐쇄성환기장애의 odds ratio는 17.17이었으며, 나이와 고려하면 8.13이었다. 결 론: 이상의 결과로 폐쇄성환기장애는 폐암의 위험인자로 생각되며, 흡연가 가운데 폐쇄성환기장애가 동반된 경우에는 폐암의 조기진단을 위한 보다 적극적인 검사가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.187-198
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• 1996

The industrial use of MMMF(man-made mineral fibers), has been increasing, particularly since the banning of most asbestos products. Fibrous minerals can cause health abnormalities currently associated with occupational exposure to glass fiber. This study was conducted to evaluate health risks of glass fiber manufactory workers within the country. We examined questionaries, physical examination including auscultation, chest x-ray, pulmonary function test for 488 male workers, to go through their dermal itching symptoms and respiratory evaluation. we had the results as follows. 1. In 45% of the workers itching had been expressed at their entrance. At that time we was investigating, 18.5% had itching, and most of them complained it when they fall asleep and night. The Sequent itching site is waist and groin, upper and lower extremity in order, and it had been expressed mainly during summer and winter. 2. As the results of ventilatory functions test, 6.0% were obstructive type, 1.0% were restrictive type. So, glass fiber exposures should be controlled or elimination by protective devices in the workplace. 3. The means of FVC, $FEV_1,\;FEV_1%$ were in normal range. As the comparison of ventilatory functions by age groups, MMF was decreased significantly for the group, 50 years old and more than other groups. And the comparison by the serving periods at glass fiber producing factory, MMF was decreased for the workers had worked for $11\sim15$ years. Therefore, MMF be more sensitive index in the evaluation of ventilatory impairments caused by glass fiber workers.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.539-546
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• 1983

Maximal expiratory flow-volume [MEFV] curves were studied in 22 patients who underwent pneumonectomy with various pulmonary lesions, such as lung cancer, bronchiectasis and tuberculosis etc, at the preoperative stage and 3 week, 4 month and 12 month after pneumonectomy for the analysis of the reduction and progressive improvement of postoperative ventilatory function. And the factors affecting them like as age difference and the site of pneumonectomy were also analyzed. From these curves peak flow rate [PF R], maximal expiratory flows at 25% and 50% of expired forced vital capacity [V25, V50] and forced vital capacity [FVC] were obtained. In addition, partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood were measured. The results were as follows; 1. The mixed type, especially obstructive type of ventilatory impairment was observed at 3 week after operation. For 1 year of postpneumonectomy FVC was increased by 12.3% of predicted compared to 2.6% of predicted V50. 2. The improvement of FVC during 1 year of postpneumonectomy showed decreasing tendency with the increase of age but the changes of V25 and V50 were unremarkable. 3. The differences of immediate postoperative reduction and progressive improvement of ventilatory capacity after right and left pneumonectomy were analyzed. The reduction of V50, V25 and FVC at 3 week of postoperation were greater in patients with right pneumonectomy [20.9%, 18.2% and 26.2% of predicted] than in patients with left pneumonectomy 16.5%, 18.2% and 18.1%]. But there was no significant difference of these values at 12 month after pneumonectomy. 4. The partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood [$PaO_2$] was decreased by 13.6 mmHg at 3 week after pneumonectomy compared to the preoperative stage but returned to the normal range within 4 month after pneumonectomy. However, TEX>$PaCO_2$ was within the normal range during 1 year of postoperation.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1995년도 제47차 추계 학술대회 연제집
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• pp.357-358
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• 1995