• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.33-38
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• 2016

Recently, development in vehicle safety could increase interest in children's safety in vehicle collisions. But the research of children safety in vehicle collisions is not being conducted as many as that of adult's. Especially the study for the vehicle crash was not much. This study focused on the comparison of child safety between test protocols to evaluate children's safety in crash test. Injuries of Q6 and Q10 dummy were evaluated using FFRB (Full frontal rigid barrier) test and 40% ODB (Offset deformable barrier) test with one model vehicle. Even though the limit number of test, the tendency of injury criteria of Q6 and Q10 dummy between the test protocols was not conformed but injury criteria of Q6 and Q10 were not same between FFRB and 40% ODB.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.715-720
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• 2006

This research investigates injury values and vehicle deformation for vehicle frontal crash compatibility. To investigate compatibility in an individual case, it is possible to impact two vehicles and evaluate the injury values and deformations in both vehicles. In this study, four tests were conducted to evaluate compatibility. A large and mini vehicle were subjected to a frontal car-to-car crash test at a speed of 48.3 km/h with an offset of 40%. An inclination car-to-car crash test using the large and small vehicle were conducted at 30 km/h at a $30^{\circ}$ angle. The results of the 48.3 km/h, car-to-car frontal crash revealed extremely high injury values on the chest and upper leg of the Hybrid III 50% driver dummy with seatbelt in the mini vehicle compared to the large vehicle. For the 30 km/h, car-to-car inclination crash, however, injury values in the small vehicle were 1.5 times higher compared to the large vehicle.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.613-618
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• 2007

The real vehicle crash experiment is the best way to evaluate the performance of a guardrail. However the experiment is very expensive because of high cost of vehicles and guardrail installation. Thus in this study, crash simulation of a vehicle against a steel guardrail is performed using LS-DYNA. There are many researches on the impact of a vehicle against a guardrail. However the friction between a vehicle and a guardrail is not considered, although it affects considerably the behavior of a guardrail. In this paper, the friction coefficient is applied to evaluate correctly the performance of a guardrail.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.231-236
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• 2002

Todays, crash safety requirements of the railway vehicle structures become important design criterion according to the increased driving speed and the lightweight construction. Although the crash analysis using computer simulation can be effectively applied to predict the crash performance of the railway vehicles in the early design stage, the optimized design w.r.t the crash safety could be realized by the crash tests with actual prototype vehicles. However, it is very expensive and time-consuming task to perform the crash test of the railway vehicles. As a measure to cope with the problem, in this paper, the scale modeling technique is suggested and experimentally verified to predict the impact energy absorption characteristics of full scale model of aluminum extrusions sub-structures and the high-speed railway vehicle structure.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.101-107
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• 2004

Recently the objective of vehicle design was focused on the crash safety and the energy saving. For the energy saving vehicle structures must be light weight, but for the crash safety some energy absorbing elements must be added. In this paper hybrid structure which consists of a steel and a FRP was studied on the energy absorption characteristics under the impact load by finite element method. Test results of the other researchers were compared with that of computer simulation on this simple hybrid structure. Side rail of vehicle front structure was replaced with hybrid materials for the application of the vehicle structure. 35mph frontal crash simulation was performed with hybrid structure and with conventional steel structure. By the adoption of hybrid structure, the improvement of energy absorption characteristics and reduction of weight was observed under the frontal crash simulation.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.60-66
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• 2024

Computer simulation significantly reduces the high costs associated with actual crash tests and is expanding due to its ability to analyze various test results quantitatively that are difficult to measure in real tests. Research on evaluation technologies is limited according to the finite element analysis, which aims to replace structural verification testing. In this study, considerations for virtual crash tests were derived, and the validity of the zero-energy mode (hourglass mode) was analyzed as part of the considerations for validating the results of vehicle crash simulations. The study reflects on the considerations for virtual crash tests and the variation in hourglass coefficient values affects the occurrence of the hourglass mode. As the hourglass coefficient changes, the maximum hourglass energy reaches over 5% of the maximum internal energy, necessitating a conservative review. A comprehensive study of the maximum hourglass energy is required, considering additional analysis results for various models and collision conditions.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.190-194
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• 2006

This research investigates vehicle structure acceleration and vehicle deformation with RCAR crash test. To investigate vehicle damage characteristics in an individual case, it is possible to RCAR low speed crash test. In this study, two tests were conducted to evaluate difference between RCAR new condition and RCAR old condition. A two large vehicles were subjected to a frontal crash test at a speed of 15km/h with an offset of 40% $10^{\circ}$ angle barrier and flat barrier. The results of the 15km/h with an offset of 40% $10^{\circ}$ angle barrier revealed high acceleration value on the vehicle structure and high repair cost compared to the RCAR 15km/h with an offset of 40% flat barrier. So in order to improve damage characteristics in low speed crash of vehicle structure and body component of the monocoque type passenger vehicles, the end of front side member and front back beam should be designed with optimum level and to supply the end of front side member as a partial condition approx 300mm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.92-97
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• 2012

In the present the usage of bicycle has increased steeply due to well-being and convenient way of movement. In car to bicycle accident, the throw distance of bicycle is very important factor for estimating collision situation. In this study, simulations and collision tests in actual car to bicycle were executed for obtaining throw distance of bicycle. The simulations were executed by PC-CRASHTM s/w with vehicle of sedan type. Sand bags were used for the behavior of bicyclist instead of dummy and factors considered were vehicle velocity, the crashed angles and part of bicycle to vehicle, and bicycle was adult type. From the results, the throw distances of tire collision of 00 was longer than that of 450 tire crash, and the throw distances of 900 frame crash were longer than those of 450 frame crash. With based on actual crash tests and simulations, restitution coefficient of between vehicle and bicycle was estimated as 0.1. Finally the increaser vehicle velocity the longer the throw distances of bicycle and the simulation results were relatively good agreement to the results of experiment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.169-173
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• 2011

Crash box is introduced to vehicle design to improve the impact performance and reduce the damage of vehicle body at impact speed. The crash box behind bumper can absorb impact energy effectively to improve vehicle safety. Repair cost at collision accident can be cut down by use of this box. The configuration of car body must be designed by considering the characteristic of material due to the deformation of car body happened at impact. Many papers have been published about material of crash box all over the world. The study of crash box with tube expansion type has been going on Korea. This study is done by the simulation analysis about front collisions against 5 kinds of aluminum crash boxes with the basic structure of square section.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.4A
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• pp.197-206
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• 2012

It is found the first case of broad interpretation of the crash analysis in MASH (Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware, AASHTO, 2009) which is the guideline of roadside safety features in United States. They introduced the procedure of calculating 1,500 kg sedan safety index from the 2,270 kg pick-up truck crash test for crash cushion. First, following MASH's method, calculate 0.9 ton vehicle crash data and safety index using 1.3 ton vehicle crash test data and compare with actual 0.9 ton vehicle crash test data. results show that actual test data and the data calculated by MASH's method have great difference. Second, analyse the cause and develop new method. Proposed method can estimate not only the lighter vehicle (0.9 ton) crash data from the heavier vehicle (1.3 ton) crash test but also heavier vehicle (1.3 ton) data from lighter vehicle (0.9 ton) test. This method is superior to MASH's method and has stronger theoretical foundation. This paper proves the efficiency and the accuracy of new broad interpretation method using crash test data and investigates the principle.