• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1996.11a
• /
• pp.355-358
• /
• 1996

Electrical Power System (EPS) of Electric Vehicle which consists of batteries, motor and driving subsystem, has been modeled. A battery model is modeled with an electrical circuit representing a characteristics of real battery. Driving subsystem is modeled as three different level namely exact, average and functional models. Load profile includes road information, speed profile and EV mechanical parameters, which are incorporated into a reference torque in the driving subsystem model. A system model is integrated to simulate the performance of electric vehicle such as energy balance, battery status, and electrical stress of each subsystem.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.37 no.7
• /
• pp.937-943
• /
• 2013

An independently driven electric corner module cannot be applied to an actual vehicle without some difficulty, because of vehicle safety problems in the case of malfunctions and degraded ride and handling performance owing to the increase in the unsprung mass. In this study, a simulator is developed to evaluate the vehicle driving performance in order to solve ride and handling problems. Component modeling of a small-sized electric vehicle with an independently driven electric corner module is performed using MATLAB/Simulink. The vehicle is modeled by using CarSim, which can be used to analyze the vehicle maneuvers with 27 DOFs. The control algorithm for the improvement of vehicle driving safety and ride and handling performance is validated by using the developed simulator.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.144-151
• /
• 2008

The bi-modal vehicle is composed of two car-bodies and three axles. Each axle of the vehicle has an independent suspension and all wheels are steerable. Since the bi-modal vehicle has longer wheelbase than most urban buses, the All-Wheel-Steering(AWS) system is adapted for to ensure safe driving and proper turning radius on a curved road. This paper proposes an AWS control algorithm for stable driving of bi-modal vehicle. Steering angles and directions of each axle of bi-modal vehicle changed according to the driving environment and steering modes. In the case that front and rear axles should be steered in opposite directions is a negative mode, and the other case that the axles should be steered in the same direction is a positive mode. For example, in the positive mode, front and real axles are steered in the same direction, while in the negative mode, they are steered in the opposite direction. A multibody model of the vehicle is used to verify the performance of the steering algorithm and simulation results of 2WS are compared with those of AWS under the same condition.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.1306-1311
• /
• 2013

Driver for safety always check the status of their vehicle, and it is essential to understand. When driver know vehicle driving status, there is know vehicle driving status to use vehicle realtime control data by OBD-II of vehicle network and connected OBD-II connector. But, connector to receive OBD-II data differ each communication connection method to connect smart device.(such as smartphone, blackbox, EDR) if vehicle driver change another smart device from smart device(such as android -> iphone, iphone -> android), vehicle driver exist the inconvenience that purchase new OBD-II connector. in this paper, As make up for the fault, there is to implement one OBD-II connector that integrate Bluetooth, Wifi, WCDMA module. as result, anything smart device was notified realtime vehicle control data through implemented one OBD-II connector in this paper

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.80 no.5
• /
• pp.491-501
• /
• 2021

A difference in subgrade settlement between two rails of a track manifests as lateral differential subgrade settlement. This settlement causes unsteadiness in the motion of trains passing through the corresponding area. To illustrate the effect of lateral differential subgrade settlement on the dynamic response of a vehicle-track coupling system, a three-dimensional vehicle-track-subgrade coupling model was formulated by combining the vehicle-track dynamics theory and the finite element method. The wheel/rail force, car body acceleration, and derailment factor are chosen as evaluation indices of the system dynamic response. The effects of the amplitude and wavelength of lateral differential subgrade settlement as well as the driving speed of the vehicle are analyzed. The study reveals the following: The dynamic responses of the vehicle-track system generally increase linearly with the driving speed when the train passes through a lateral subgrade settlement area. The wheel/rail force acting on a rail with a large settlement exceeds that on a rail with a small settlement. The dynamic responses of the vehicle-track system increase with the amplitude of the lateral differential subgrade settlement. For a 250-km/h train speed, the proposed maximum amplitude for a lateral differential settlement with a wavelength of 20 m is 10 mm. The dynamic responses of the vehicle-track system decrease with an increase in the wavelength of the lateral differential subgrade settlement. To achieve a good operation quality of a train at a 250-km/h driving speed, the wavelength of a lateral differential subgrade settlement with an amplitude of 20 mm should not be less than 15 m. Monitoring lateral differential settlements should be given more emphasis in routine high-speed railway maintenance and repairs.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.251-257
• /
• 2022

Self-driving vehicles are a type of smart vehicle with the help of ICT technology, which means a vehicle that operates without the intervention of a driver.Vehicles with vehicle safety communication technology (V2X) applied use information detected from various sensors or other vehicles/infrastructures to enable the smart vehicle to accurately and quickly predict the driver's potential danger situation, contributing to more stable autonomous driving. In this paper, among V2X communication technologies, a vehicle-to-vehicle communication (V2V) simulation communication technology is used to present a scenario for preventing collisions in autonomous vehicles. A vehicle collision prevention system based on V2V simulated communication was implemented and the suggested collision prevention application scenario was demonstrated. The suggested collision prevention utilization scenario can be considered as one application case of V2V communication technologies that are currently being developed/applied.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.8-15
• /
• 2013

Recently many kinds of electric vehicles have been developed as many governments demand the environmental friendly vehicles. In this paper, study of load optimization for the electric vehicle which has multiple axle power system was conducted. For the analysis of the vehicle which has three or four driving axles, a method based on the geometry and assumptions that considering axles as a spring model and normal forces of the axles are proportional to the displacement of the axles was applied with basic vehicle dynamics. With the developed vehicle analysis technique, algorithm to find the optimal motor operating points was developed. Using this algorithm, it was possible to find the optimization of vehicle load distribution for multiple axles according to the driving cycles. Also, control logic for the vehicle can be developed based on the optimization simulation results.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.33-41
• /
• 2015

Recent developments in robotics and intelligent vehicle area, bring interests of people in an autonomous driving ability and advanced driving assistance system. Especially fully automatic parking ability is one of the key issues of intelligent vehicles, and accurate parked vehicles detection is essential for this issue. In previous researches, many types of sensors are used for detecting vehicles, 2D LiDAR is popular since it offers accurate range information without preprocessing. The L shape feature is most popular 2D feature for vehicle detection, however it has an ambiguity on different objects such as building, bushes and this occurs misdetection problem. Therefore we propose the accurate vehicle detection method by using a 3D complete vehicle model in 3D point clouds acquired from front inclined 2D LiDAR. The proposed method is decomposed into two steps: vehicle candidate extraction, vehicle detection. By combination of L shape feature and point clouds segmentation, we extract the objects which are highly related to vehicles and apply 3D model to detect vehicles accurately. The method guarantees high detection performance and gives plentiful information for autonomous parking. To evaluate the method, we use various parking situation in complex urban scene data. Experimental results shows the qualitative and quantitative performance efficiently.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.136-145
• /
• 2004

In companion paper, the composition and structure of the traffic environment is derived. Rules to regulate agent behaviors and the frameworks to communicate between the agents are proposed. In this paper, the model of a driver agent which controls a vehicle agent is constructed. The driver agent is capable of having different driving styles. That is, each driver agent has individual behavior settings of the yielding index and the passing index. The yielding index can be defined as how often the agent yields in case of lane changes, and the passing index can be defined as how often the agent passes ahead. According to these indices, the agents overtake or make their lanes for other vehicles. Similarly, the vehicle agents can have various vehicle dynamic models. According to their dynamic characteristics, the vehicle agent shows its own behavior. The vehicle model of the vehicle agent contains the nonlinear subcomponents of engine, torque converter, automatic transmission, and wheels. The simulation has proceeded for an interrupted flow model. The result has shown that it is possible to express the characteristics of each vehicle and its driver in a traffic flow, and that the change of the traffic state is closely related with the distance and the signal delay between intersections. The system developed in this paper shows the effectiveness and the practical usefulness of the traffic simulation.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.303-312
• /
• 2000

In this paper, we describe an image processing algorithm which is able to recognize the road lane. This algorithm performs to recognize the interrelation between AGV and the other vehicle. We experimented on AGV driving test with color CCD camera which is setup on the top of vehicle and acquires the digital signal. This paper is composed of two parts. One is image preprocessing part to measure the condition of the condition of the lane and vehicle. This finds the information of lines using RGB ratio cutting algorithm, the edge detection and Hough transform. The other obtains the situation of other vehicles using the image processing and viewport. At first, 2 dimension image information derived from vision sensor is interpreted to the 3 dimension information by the angle and position of the CCD camera. Through these processes, if vehicle knows the driving conditions which are lane angle, distance error and real position of other vehicles, we should calculate the reference steering angle.